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-o

x""i *T~*\ <

G,.^.

T\jb.

. ^ e '^ 4 ^:. CALENDAR

OF

STATE PAPERS,

COLONIAL SERIES,

AMEKICA AND WEST INDIES,

JANUAKY, 1693-14 MAY, 1696.

PRESERVED IN THE

PUBLIC RECOBD OFFICE.

EDITED BY

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1903.

EEK ATUM.

Abstract No. 1831, fifth line from end, /or Meed read Meech.

PREFACE.

THE present volume opens with the year 1693, and closes
with what may seem to be arbitrary abruptness on the
1 4th of May, 1696. The latter date, however, marks
something more than the end of a volume ; for on the
15th of May, 1696, there was issued a Commission for the
administration of Trade and of the Plantations, whereby
the career of the old Committee of the Privy Council, to
which that business had so far been entrusted, was closed
for ever. The constitution and powers of the new Com-
mission will be more fitly discussed after its establishment;
but students of administration may be attracted by the
present volume since it reveals to them the last years,
months and days of the Colonies as governed by the
omnipotent Privy Council. Nor, it may be added, will it
be found lacking in interest by the student of Colonial,
or to use the newer and perhaps more accurate term,
Imperial history. The years immediately before us
mark the failure of other things besides the old Committee
of Trade and Plantations. There may be traced through
these records the great change which threw the burden of
Imperial Defence almost wholly upon the Mother Country,
and the hardening of the old conservative spirit which could
find no remedy for suffering commerce but increased
stringency in enforcing the Acts of Trade. It was the
steady adherence to these two main lines of Imperial policy,
which in less than a century drove the French from Canada,
and banished English rule from the old American Colonies.
With these few words upon the broad issues of these three
short years of Colonial history, let us now turn to a brief
consideration of their events in detail.

Vlll

PREFACE.

Sir Francis

Wheler's

Expedition.

Its reinforce-
ments from
the West
Indies.

The last volume of this Calendar ended, as I said in my
preface, with order at last restored in the American provinces
after the Revolution, and with every West Indian Island
waiting in anxious expectation for the great English
Armament, under the command of Sir Francis Wheler,
which was to drive the French from the Antilles.
Very early in the present volume we find that the
design of the expedition had been widened, and that the
Governors both of Massachusetts and New York were
warned to expect it in May or June, 1693, when the
fleet would first refit after its service in the West Indies,
and then proceed to an attack on Canada (48,116). It
was, however, the 28th of February 1693 before the fleet
arrived at its rendezvous in Barbados, where it was most
hospitably entertained by Governor Kendall. A soldier by
profession, Kendall knew the vaJUie of refreshment ashore for
troops which had long been cooped up in transports, and he
had obtained from the Assembly an Act for quartering the
soldiers on the inhabitants. The British, both seamen and
landsmen, were extraordinarily healthy, and everyone seems
to be happy and contented except the Commissary, who com-
plained that he was excluded from participation in the
plunder, whereas even the regimental chaplain " whose duty
"obliges him to pray against our plundering," was admitted
to a share therein. From the days of Cromwell to the days
of the younger Pitt, the division of plunder was always a
mischievous if not a fatal element in all of our West Indian
expeditions (164, 165, 170).

Kendall had already prepared two regiments, jointly nine
hundred strong, together with stores and shipping, in
Barbados itself to accompany Wheler in his career of conquest.
It was objected against them that many of the men were
Irish and might be Roman Catholics, but it was resolved in
Council of War that they could be trusted and should be
employed ; Colonel Foulke, who commanded the land forces,
alone dissenting (204). Yet more reinforcements were
expected from the Leeward Islands; but it was rightly

PREFACE. j x

thought inexpedient to fall so far to leeward as Antigua for
an attack on Martinique, so a letter was written to Governor
Codrington that he and his contingent should join the main
force on the leeward side of Martinique (170 i). Mean-
while the expedition halted for the present at Barbados, for
the perfection of its preparations, a delay which gave some
anxiety to Colonel Foulke, who apprehended that the men
might sicken unless they were set to work speedily (171).
Foulke was justified in his forebodings, for the armament had
arrived in the Islands three months too late ; but there never
yet was a British West Indian expedition which did not.
However, for the present the men remained healthy; and
the Council of War found an opportunity of censuring the
Commissary, which no doubt gave satisfaction to all ranks.
On the 16th of March Governor Codrington's answer was
received from the Leeward Islands, and orders were given
for the Barbados troops to embark in a week (194). Then
followed yet another fortnight of preparation, in the course of
which the Commissary found himself a close prisoner, " in
'custody of a Serjeant and two files of musketeers, " and his
duties undertaken by the Admiral ; and at length on the
30th the fleet and transports sailed away to leeward. It
seemed to Kendall, and probably with good reason, that
everything needful had been accomplished with extraordinary
speed (215, 219, 259).
its failure at On the 1st of April Wheler anchored in the " Cul de

Martinique.

" Sac Marine " (marked in modern charts as Passe clu Marin)
of Martinique, and on the following day the troops landed
and began to lay waste the whole of the southern coast of
the island. The process was continued for a week, when
Codrington arrived from Antigua with his contingent. He
had found some difficulty in persuading his men to serve
under a strange commander, and indeed had only overcome
their reluctance by accompanying them himself as a Volunteer
(336). There then arose the question what should be done
next, and on the 15th it was resolved at a Council of
War that an attack should be delivered at St. Pierre

X PREFACE.

(276). The whole army was accordingly landed there on
the 17th, and the enemy were driven into the fortification,
but no further. Between the 17th and 20th eight hundred
Englishmen went down with wounds or sickness ; the Irish
showed symptoms of disaffection, and a second Council of
War determined by an overwhelming majority to retire (281).
There seems to have been some idea of an attack on
Dominica, for we find the fleet off that island on the 25th
of April, and yet another Council of War held (296), at
which it was decided to abandon further enterprise in the
West Indies. The Colonial forces returned to their several
islands, and Wheler took his fleet to St. Christophers as
the least unhealthy spot that he could find. Before May
was half passed, the Admiral had lost half of his sailors
and most of his officers, while the two British regiments
with him had suffered nearly if not, quite as much as the
fleet (338-340, 347). At the end of May he was bound by
his instructions to proceed to North America, and thither
he sailed accordingly, still in company with sickness and
death.
its impotence On his arrival at Boston in June the General Assembly

in America. .

of Massachusetts forbade all intercourse with his fleet lest
the infection should spread from the ships to the shore (410);
but the most stunning blow to the Admiral was the
Governor's affirmation that he had received no instructions
whatever as to the expedition, and had no forces ready for
an attack upon Quebec. Who was to blame for this
amazing piece of negligence is not very clear. Sir William
Phips says plainly that he received no intimation from
England of the design upon Canada until the 24th of July,
and then only by a copy of a letter, of which the original
did not reach him until the 24th of September (578).
After a month's stay at Boston the health both of troops
and seamen was restored, though their numbers were
frightfully reduced; and Wheler then questioned Phips as
to the practicability of an attack upon Quebec. The answer
was that the season was too far spent, and that nothing had

PREFACE.

XI

THE AMERICAN

COLONIES.

Quarrel

between

Massachusetts

and New

York.

been made ready, which was somewhat singular since Phips
himself had contemplated an attack on Canada in February
(107). He suggested, however, that possibly some good
might be done by an attack upon the French merchantmen
in -Newfoundland (441, 452), Wheler then asked for 400
men from Massachusetts to sail with him against Placentia ;
to which Phips answered that he had no power to march the
militia out of the Colony without their own consent or
the consent of the Assembly, and that the Assembly had
unfortunately been dismissed less than a fortnight before
(475). There is something rather suspicious in this hasty
dismissal of the Assembly on the 15th of July, within three
days of Phips's own suggestion of an attack upon Placentia;
and when the reader has considered certain other facts which
throw light on Phips's character he will, I think, share my
own doubts as to his loyalty and veracity. However that
may be, Wheler sailed in August to Newfoundland, found
the French there too strong for him, and in September
returned to England, having lost hundreds of men and
accomplished nothing. Thus the armament which was to
have swept the French out of Martinique, out of Hispaniola,
and out of Canada, came home in impotence and shame.
Codrington, always clear-headed, wrote home the reasons
for its failure (336), which may be summed up in the two
words so familiar in British military history, Too Late.
But the return of the expedition threw Barbados, the
Leeward Islands and Jamaica into great alarm (334, 336,
359, 627), and shook the loyalty even of the Indians about
New York (603). In a word, the miscarriage of the
enterprise, owing to the gross mismanagement of the
Departments in England, was a great and far-reaching
disaster.

From this abortive effort of the Mother Country to secure
the Colonies by an offensive stroke, let us now turn to her
endeavours to aid them in organizing their own defence.
The North American provinces were all of them still suffering
from the unrest of the Revolution, and none more than New

xii PREFACE.

\ork, the frontier Colony, upon which the brunt of French
aggression must necessarily fall. In October, 1692, a circular
had been addressed from Whitehall to all the Northern and
Middle Colonies, requiring them to send assistance in men or
money to New York when called upon, and to decide among
themselves as to the contribution, or, as it was always called,
the quota, which should be furnished by each of them.
This was followed in March, 1693, by a series of orders to
the same effect (93-97, 139, HO, 158, 168), and by the
transference of the command of the militia of Connecticut
from the Governor of New England, Sir William Phips, to
Colonel Benjamin Fletcher, the Governor of New York.
Long, however, before these orders reached their destination,
New York, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut and
New Hampshire had embarked on a series of wrangles and
quarrels among themselves, which l^ft no time for their
combination for the common defence. In the autumn of
1692 Governor Fletcher had been called to the frontier at
Albany by the news that large reinforcements had reached
Quebec, where Count Frontenac, probably the ablest of all
the French commanders with whom the British had to deal
in Canada, was evidently meditating mischief. Fletcher
succeeded in restoring confidence, but on his return to New
York found that the whole population had fallen once more
into their old factious divisions as followers or enemies of
Leisler's revolution (13, 86). This in itself was disquieting,
but the trouble was increased by the fact that Abraham
Gouverneur, one of the dead Leisler's principal partisans,
had taken refuge in Boston ; whence, being sheltered and even
honoured by Sir William Phips, he was able to write letters
of defiance to Governor Fletcher (27). This, of course,
set Fletcher and Phips at variance ; and it so happened that
New York and Massachusetts had already found a bone of
contention in the island of Martha's Vineyard, which was
claimed by both Governments but had been "violently"
occupied by Massachusetts. Th^ earlier stages of this dispute
may be traced in the Minutes of the Council of New York

PREFACE.

Xlll

Sir William
Phips's
quarrel with
Lieutenant-
Q overnor
Usher.

(22, 82) ; but there is also a full account of the visit of
Governor Fletcher's emissary to Phips in January, 1693,
which was sent home by Lieutenant-Go vernor Usher, of New
Hampshire, together with some of the letters that passed in
the controversy (40 i.,u., in.). From these it appears that
Phips heartily espoused the cause of Leisler in New York,
and that the two Governors had some idea of settling their
difference by a personal encounter. Each of them, of course,
sent his own account of the matter to Whitehall (84, 107). " I
" must not levy war against Sir William Phips, though provoked
" by his unmannerly letter to meet him there," wrote Fletcher.
" I wrote to Colonel Fletcher to ask what assistance we might
" expect from New York for the expedition against Canada,"
wrote Phips ; "I find him averse both from correspondence
" and concurrence. He has sent me a messenger (lately the

" jailer at New York) to say that he expects me

"to meet him there [Martha's Vineyard]. His messenger
" was a herald, for he delivered his message as a challenge."

Concurrently Phips had contrived to make himself
another enemy in the person of Lieutenant-Go vernor Usher.
This functionary had been Treasurer at Boston at the time
of the Revolution, and had shared the fate of Sir Edmund
Andros ; but having been released, and promoted to the
first place in New Hampshire, he was now vainly endeavouring
to settle his accounts with the Government of Massachusetts,
and to obtain from it the balance that was due to him. He
appears to have been justly entitled to 850, but the ruling
powers at Boston resolutely declined to discharge his claim
(39, 40, 133), though some of the better men seem to have
been ashamed of the meanness and trickery which denied
to the man his due (133i.). Usher therefore did not love
Phips, and lost no opportunity of reporting the breaches of
the Acts of Trade which were the rule rather than the
exception at Boston. But what increased Usher's wrath
very greatly was the fact that there W 7 as a party in New
Hampshire which yearned to annex that Province to
Massachusetts, and shrank from no shift to bring the

x j v PREFACE.

annexation about. The truth was that this party was
republican, and hoped by joining Massachusetts to throw
off the King's government and return to the virtual
independence which Massachusetts had enjoyed under her
old charter. The situation was complicated by the fact
that Massachusetts had taken the protection of New
Hampshire upon herself, and kept a few troops, which New
Hampshire was expected to pay, in the province. By
refusing to vote money for these men the republican party
in New Hampshire and Massachusetts hoped to force the
King's hand, and compel him to amalgamate the two
provinces whether he would or no.

sir William The quarrel between Phips and Usher, already sufficiently

quarrel with acrimonious, was still further embittered by Phips's arbitrary
Navy. ya an d brutal proceedings towards Captain Short of the King's

Navy. Those who may be curious as to this rather extra-
ordinary story may follow it, through many cross-currents
of lying, by referring to the index under the name of Short.
It seems that the relations between the officers of the King's
Navy and the Government of Boston had long been strained
(42), and that Short had rendered himself peculiarly
obnoxious to Phips by refusing to lend the King's seamen
to man a sloop, which was apparently engaged in trading
for Phips's private behoof (214, 224). Thereupon an
angry altercation ensued between them, which ended in
Phips's striking Short with his cane. Short returned the
blow as well as he could, but his right hand was crippled by
a wound received in action, and Phips, easily mastering him,
beat him unmercifully. Not content with this cowardly
treatment of a disabled man, Phips then suspended Short
from his command, appointing the gunner to be captain in
his place, and threw him into the common gaol, evidently
hoping by sheer cruelty to force him to compliance with
his wishes (224, 247). It is very significant that he
bolstered up his complaints against Short by suborning his
inferior officers to bring accusations against him, which the
Captain had no chance of refuting (74, 79, 99, 129, 130,

PREFACE.

XV

Sir William
Phips's
quarrel with
Bhode Island.

262). After keeping Short in prison for about a month,
Phips put him aboard a ship to be taken to England. Short,
however, contrived that some of his men should be em-
ployed on this vessel, and that she should be sent up
to Piscataqua, where he and his men were promptly
sheltered by Lieutenant-Govcrnor Usher (247). Phips in
great wrath sent up Short's purser, Matthew Gary, to New
Hampshire to apprehend the seamen as deserters, whereupon
Usher immediately apprehended the purser, imprisoned him
for three days, and then sent a message to Boston that Gary
had escaped from justice, and that he desired Phips to
deliver him up (197, 205 1.). Quite beside himself with
rage, Phips then sailed to Piscataqua in person to demand
that Short and the seamen should be given up to him.
Arrived there, he at once boarded the ship in search of
them, and rinding that they were gone ashore broke open
and carried off Short's trunks and chest. He then issued
a warrant for the arrest of the missing men ; but the
Council of New Hampshire refused to allow it to be
executed. He then tried to obtain admission to the fort,
but was excluded ; and finally he sailed back to Boston fairly
beaten, while Usher wrote letters of triumph to England
of the manner in which he had maintained his authority
against this encroachment. However, Phips avenged him-
self by refusing to send a garrison to hold the fort on the
Piscataqua, though he placed a few men at the disposal of
the republican leaders for their protection (258, 293, 422).

But even though thus embroiled both with New Hamp-
shire and New York, Phips was not yet satiated with quarrels.
At this same time he was engaged in a controversy with
Rhode Island over some encroachment of that province upon
the boundaries, or alleged boundaries, of Massachusetts. He
duly arrested the ringleaders, and having thus thoroughly
irritated the people he repaired to the seat of Government in
Rhode Island, and published his Commission to command the
militia of the province. The Rhode Islanders, however,
always the most perverse and cantankerous of men, declined

8060 b

XVI

PREFACE.

French
attack upon
Albany, 1693.

Backwardness
of the Colonies
to assist New
York.

to take the slightest notice. The Council refused to assemble
when convened to meet Phips, and though the Governor
made excuses for them he evidently sympathised with his
Councillors. He therefore merely waited until Phips's back
was turned, after which he took no further notice either of
him or of his Koyal Commission.

Meanwhile Count Frontenac, doubtless well pleased to
observe these divisions among the British, had, early in
February, 1693, pushed forward a force towards the British
frontier-posts at Albany and Senectady, and inflicted some
loss upon the Maquas, one of the most important of the
Five Nations of Indians, upon whose friendship the British
counted chiefly for their defence against invasion. The news
came to New York just as Fletcher was at the height of his
wrangle with Phips, causing him to hurry up to Albany with
every man that he could raise, and t6 send urgent messages
to the neighbouring Colonies for help (82, 84). Three
members of the Council of New York, as was usual in those
impecunious days, pledged their private credit for the
victualling of the troops ; and it seems that this promptitude
of movement went near to making the French repent their
temerity. Peter Schuyler, a very gallant man with great
experience of Indian warfare, engaged the enemy without
delay and defeated them ; and but for some mismanagement
the whole of the French party would have been cut off.
However, the British prisoners were at any rate rescued and
the French driven back in precipitate retreat. Within a
fortnight of his arrival at Albany Fletcher was able to embark
again for New York, amid a chorus of congratulation from
both the Colonists and the Indians on the frontier (124,
161, 179 I.-VIL).

Successful though the expedition was for the moment,
Fletcher before starting upon it had complained of the
weakness of the two companies of the King's troops in New
York, and begged not only that they might be kept up to
strength and regularly paid, but that two more companies

PREFACE.

xvil

Royal

Instructions
for the
Colonies to
agree as to
their quotas of
men for the
common
defence.

might be added to them (84). Usher, also in New Hamp-
shire, had declared himself unable to uphold the King's
government or to defend the province without 100 men sent
from England ; and the result of Fletcher's call upon the
neighbouring provinces for assistance went far to shew that
if the Colonies were to be protected at all, England must
protect them. Connecticut, which Fletcher described as
"a sort of republic," returned him no answer whatever,
Pennsylvania sent good wishes only, Rhode Island sent
nothing at all, and East Jersey sent no men, and only 248
in money. Virginia, under the stimulus of Sir Edmund
Andros, who, as an old Governor of New York, appreciated
its strategical importance, resolved to send 000 ; but on the
other hand a small contribution sent by Maryland, in the
form of bills of exchange, proved to be of little value,
because two out of three bills were protested and only one
of them paid (178, 274, 287, 342).

In March 1693, however, Sir William Phips received the
Queen's orders for the Colonies to agree among themselves
as to the quota that should be furnished by each ; and there
seemed to be at last some prospect that the Colonies might
unite for the common defence (216). In the lull that
followed upon the expedition to Albany Governor Fletcher
seized the opportunity to visit Pennsylvania, which, to the
great indignation of William Penn, had been included in
Fletcher's commission (397 I.). He spent some weeks
there, but, to use his own words, " never yet found so much
"self-conceit. They will rather die than resist with carnal

"weapons they have neither arms nor ammuni-

"tion, nor would they suffer the few men fit for it to be
"trained." This was not a very promising outlook for the
future, but Pennsylvania, as a nest of Quakers, might be
presumed to be singular. Little of moment occurred during
April and May except that Phips and Usher entered upon
a new wrangle as to the limits of their respective jurisdic-
tions (372), and that Phips finally withdrew the last of the
Massachusetts soldiers from New Hampshire (454). Then

xviii PREFACE.

in June arrived Wheler's squadron as has already been told,
depressing the hearts of all by its tidings of death and
failure. Fletcher and the Council of New York sent an
emissary to England to represent the danger of the province,
since her neighbours would give no help, to urge the
annexation of Connecticut and New Jersey to New York,
and to suggest an expedition against Canada (414). This
done, he set out for Albany, and on the 21st of June held
the annual palaver with the Five Nations at Albany, wherein
the Sachems expressed themselves as still hearty to the
English Alliance (501 i. sqq.}. Hardly, however, had he
returned to New York before new movements of the French
were* reported (457), and on the 28th of July there came
disquieting intelligence that the Indians had resolved to
open negotiations with the French, without his privity (478).
A letter of rebuke brought them to' their senses ; but there
could be no doubt that alike by soft words and hard blows
the French had wrought considerably upon the feelings of
the Five Nations, who were by this time thoroughly sick
of the war (501 n., v., 612 vn.).

Massachusetts Fletcher's next step was to send an emissary to Sir

refuses to send

assistance to William Phips to demand a quota of 200 men from

New York. .

Massachusetts resell. Ihe interview was a stormy one, as
might have been expected, and Phips flatly refused to send
a man or a farthing to the assistance of New York. He
was so violent that one of the Councillors took the envoy
aside and told him, " Sir, you must pardon him his dog-
-days; he cannot help it." Meanwhile the province of
Connecticut had during the month of June entered upon a
boundary-dispute with Massachusetts, which furnished fresh
matter for Phips 's irascible nature to feed on (410). Even
a peace with the Eastern Indians, the only pacific matter
recorded of Phips (545), only brought upon him the fiercer
wrath of Usher for omitting to consult New Hampshire
before concluding the treaty (647).

PREFACE.

xix

Congress
summoned to
fix the quotas
of assistance.

Connecticut
refuses to
submit her
militia to
Governor
Fletcher's
command.

In the autumn of 1 693 arrived the royal orders for the
various Colonies to contribute to the assistance of New York,
and Governor Fletcher at once wrote to Connecticut
for 100 men, to Maryland for a more generous contribu-
tion, and, most important of all, to Phips, suggesting that
Commissioners from all the Colonies should meet in Congress
to agree upon a quota of men and money for defence of the
frontiers. Phips replied more gently than usual, though he
was evidently sore at losing the command of the militia of
Connecticut ; but his answer was none the less thoroughly
unsatisfactory. Connecticut, on the other hand, was quite
clear as to her readiness to send a Commissioner to the
Congress and her refusal to despatch a man to the frontier at
Albany (546, 570, 571). Fletcher could do no more than
appoint a day in October for the meeting of the Congress,
forward Phips 's letter to England, and resolve to go to
Connecticut in person forthwith (578, 582, 590). He
foresaw that he should get little help from any of the
Colonies, and continued to press for reinforcements from
home (611), but he forwarded at the same time an
estimate of the quotas that ought to be furnished by each
Colony, which document was not without its value at
Whitehall (611 in.).

Early in October he went to Connecticut, and found that
the people who would raise no money for defence of the
frontiers were quite ready to tax themselves in order to send
an Agent to plead their cause at Whitehall. "I never met
"the like people," he wrote (649). It was absolutely useless
for him to publish his commission and declare the militia of
Connecticut to be under his command ; the only answer was
some mumbled words about the charter of the Colony, and
steady refusal to obey. The course of the wrangle may be
traced in the documents that passed between Fletcher and
the General Court (650). It is enough to say that after
arguing in vain for twenty days and kicking one gentleman
downstairs, he returned to New York absolutely baffled. He
resolved, however, to send a written order to Connecticut for

XX

PREFACE.

Failure of the
project for a
Congress.

Besolution at
Whitehall to
reinforce the
garrison at
New York.

100 men, with a saving clause which presumably was meant
to shame the province into compliance (667). Meanwhile
the Congress, from which so much had been expected, had
come to naught. Phips, probably from jealousy, had refused
to send a Commissioner at all. Maryland had apparently not
had time to elect one (585). Rhode Island also complained
of insufficient time, though it chose a Commissioner to be
ready for any future Congress (829 n.). Finally the few
Commissioners that attended very naturally refused to
proceed unless a representative were present from every
province (67 2), Half a century was still to elapse before as
many even as seven provinces were to be gathered together
in congress.

Thus the winter of 1693 drew on, not without fresh alarms
of French aggression (698, 733) and disagreeable signs of
mutiny within New York itself (679, 739). By this time
Fletcher's urgent appeals for help had reached Whitehall ;
and it had been resolved to increase the regular garrison of
New York to a strength of four full companies, and to send
out further supplies of ordnance-stores (754, 812). It was,
perhaps, hardly fair that this burden should have been laid upon
the Mother Country, when the Colonies, if they could only have
laid their jealousies aside, should have sufficed easily to have
driven the French from Canada. Still there the matter was.
The precedent was made, and having been made it was
steadily followed until 1763. The Committee of Trade and
Plantations had ample evidence of the spirit of disunion in
the Colonies before it in the protest of Rhode Island against
the subjection of its militia to Sir William Phips's command;
and it was significant that Rhode Island could not lay even
this matter before Whitehall without dragging in a reference
to its eternal dispute with Massachusetts over the question of
boundaries (524). If the Committee could have thrown
an eye across the Atlantic it would have found every one
of the provinces shrinking further and further from their
duty to help themselves and each other (664, 775, 790, 794,
829 in.).

PREFACE.

xxi

Recall and
death of Sir
William
Phips.

Character of
Sir William
Phips.

But fortunately Rhode Island's was not the only complaint
which came before the Committee in the winter of 1693-4.
Captain Short had returned to England with Sir Francis
Wheler's fleet, and his narrative, together with certain
accusations preferred by the Customs Officer, Jahleel Brenton,
brought down upon Phips a sudden order to return and
defend himself at Whitehall, with directions to Lieutenant-
Governor Stoughton to collect evidence against him in Boston,
(728, 814, 815, 825-827, 802, 879, 880). It was, however,
some months before these orders could reach their destination,
and in the interim Phips continued to work as busily as
ever for himself. John Usher and Sir Edmund Andros still
continued to beg in vain for the discharge of the debts due to
them from Massachusetts (094, 723); but Sir William Phips
was more intent on obtaining for himself a monopoly of the
fur-trade than on paying the Colony's just debts. By the
summer of 1694 he had managed to embroil himself un-
pleasantly with the Assembly of Massachusetts (1089, 1141),
and in July of that year he once again shewed his enmity to
Usher by refusing to send help to New Hampshire after a
dangerous raid of Indians upon the settlement at Oyster
River (1306). At last in November, 1094, he sailed for
England (1508), where evidence against him had been
rapidly accumulating (1505, 1507). He arrived apparently
towards the end of January, 1095 (1000) ; but he seems
to have been in bad health at the time, and before the
charges against him could be examined he was dead (1876).

The material before us in the present volume is perhaps
too one-sided to enable us to pronounce a fair opinion
upon the man ; but all evidence points to the fact that he
was ignorant, brutal, covetous and violent, and that his
appointment to the Government of Massachusetts was a very
grave misfortune. A short biography of him was published
soon after his death with the intention of vindicating his
character, from which it appears that he began life as a
ship's carpenter, made 300.000 by the recovery of treasure
from a Spanish wreck, and therewith went home and obtained

XX11

PEEFACE.

The quotas of
the Colonies
for common
defence fixed
by the Crown.

the honour of knighthood. It appears further that together
with his wealth he acquired a certain anxiety as to the state
of his soul, and so became the tool of the Congregational
ministers at Boston. This would account for the influence
wielded by the said ministers in the abortive expedition
which he led against Quebec, for his appointment as the
first King's Governor of Massachusetts, and for his steady
co-operation with the republican party in New Hampshire.
Meanwhile the one thing that seems certain is that he was
absolutely unfit to occupy the place in which he was seated,
or to wield the power with which he was entrusted.

In the spring of 1694 the alarms of French aggression
on the side of Albany continued, with the usual hasty pre-
parations at New York, the usual rush of the Governor to
the frontier, and the usual uneasiness /of the province under
the heavy burden of defence that was laid upon it
(854, 867, 966, 989). The situation was most serious,
for it was evident that the Five Nations, which were the
principal bulwark against the French, were more than
ever weary of the war and were inclined to make peace
upon their own account (991). Nor were the unfortunate
savages altogether unjustified in their impatience, for they
had not been supported as they ought to have been by
the English settlers. So serious was their discontent that
even Massachusetts and Connecticut sent Commissioners
to soothe them in August 1694, and voted money to
purchase presents for them (1183, 1191, 1221, 1237).
But it was on England that the Colonies counted chiefly
for their deliverance, and it is to England that we must
turn to find any effective measures for their deliverance.

Rhode Island, as we have seen, had already complained
of the taking of the command of her militia out of her
hands. In January 1694 Connecticut came forward with
a like complaint (845); and the result was a serious
enquiry as to the rights of the Crown in respect of the
militia of the Chartered and Proprietary Colonies (999,
1022). There seems to have been some idea of cancelling

PREFACE.

xxni

The garrison
of New York
reinforced
from
England.

their charters and grants wholesale by legal process, and
bringing the whole of the American Colonies under the
same dependence on the Crown (861); but this would
have been a lengthy and tedious business. Finally the
whole difficulty was solved, or considered to be solved,
by the despatch of a circular from the Queen, dated
21 August (1253), fixing the quotas to be furnished by
each of the Colonies for the defence of the frontier.
Since the provinces had failed to settle the matter for
themselves, it seemed not unreasonable that the Crown
should settle it for them; but it is noteworthy that Rhode
Island managed at the same time to withdraw her militia
in great measure from the command of the Governor
of Massachusetts (1247). There was also a convenient
loophole for the recalcitrant in the order that no greater
proportion of the quota should be required from one
Colony than from another.

Simultaneously the Crown showed its goodwill by
strengthening the King's troops at New York to
the promised total of 400 men; but this was a task
which was not so easily accomplished. The pre-
parations took an enormous time, for recruits were
not easily procured, and the methods of the various
departments were sufficiently cumbrous (1060-1080,
1168-1171, 1203-1210). Moreover when marching down
to Portsmouth the officers became involved in an angry
quarrel with the magistrates of Petersfield, the particulars
of which are worth reading for the light that they
throw upon the relations between soldiers and civilians
at that time (1190, 1218). Finally, when these unfortunate
troops did at last put to sea, they were driven back,
after a severe engagement with three French privateers
and compelled to return to Falmouth, with their numbers
sadly thinned (1470, 1524). They did not finally sail
for New York until March 1695 nor reach their
destination until July of that year (1902). The chaos of
administration in all departments of the service may be

XXIV

PREFACE.

Evasion of
Royal Orders
as to the
quota.

The reasons
for that
Evasion.

traced with instruction in following the career of these
unfortunate Companies.

While these designs were going forward in England,
the Colonies remained as supine as ever. The republican
party in New Hampshire, strong in the support of
Massachusetts, continued obstructive (1119); the Southern
Colonies became more resolute in refusing to contribute
to the common defence (1092, 1093); and Connecticut,
while professing to send 600 and taking credit for the
same, evaded actual payment of more than half of that
sum (1001 1., 1007). The autumn as usual brought fresh
cause for alarm at Albany (1340, 1518, 1520) and fresh
reluctance on the part of the Assembly of New York to
provide men for the frontier. Application was made, as
usual, to the neighbouring Colonies for assistance, and
with the more confidence in view of the Queen's Circular
of 21 August, but in vain. One and all began to make
excuse (1790, 1791, 1816, 1870, 1881, 2054), and
though Virginia and Maryland did indeed contribute
sums of money, which the King was fain to accept in
lieu of men (2227, 2228), yet it was sufficiently evident
that the Crown's scheme for uniting the Colonies for
defence had utterly and hopelessly failed. The story if
written at length would be merely a series of repetitions
of the same facts ; but it may be traced by following
the fate of the quota under the name of each province
in the index.

It may be urged in some excuse for the provinces that
the two appointed Commanders-in-Chief were men who
could hardly be trusted. Phips was such a man as has
been already shewn ; and towards the end of 1695 and
the beginning of 1696 certain accusations were brought
forward which reflected very seriously upon Fletcher
(1802, 2034, 2056, 2084, 2148, 2150). How far they may
have been justified will appear in the next volume ; but,
however blameable these individuals may have been, it is,
I think, indisputable that the true fault la$( with the

PREFACE.

xxv

The

endeavours of
Massachusetts
to regain
her lost
privileges.

Increase of
illicit trade in
the Colonies.

Colonies themselves. The New England provinces,
beyond all question, were working far more earnestly to
establish themselves as free republics than to repel the
French ; and in their blind pursuit of their ideal they quite
lost sight of the fact that the French, once established at
New York as well as at Quebec, would have gained the
whole of the Indians to their side and devoured the
English settlers piecemeal. Under the guidance of
William Stoughtou, Massachusetts settled down to live
in greater moderation and quietness, though her few
military enterprises were not very successful ; but the
republican party never ceased to abet the obstructive
element and to foment disorder in New Hampshire
(1569, 2105, 2137, 2142). At home again the Agents
for Massachusetts immediately upon the death of Sir
William Phips urged the annexation of New Hampshire
to Massachusetts (1876), while one of them, Sir Henry
Ashurst, piloted through the House of Commons an Act
to reverse the attainder of Jacob Leisler, with the evident
intention of currying favour with the followers of that
martyr in New York.

The Acts of Massachusetts tell exactly the same tale.
A large batch of them was disallowed, chiefly because
they carefully excluded all rights of the Crown, but in
more than one case because they contained enactments
directly contrary to the new charter of the Colony.
Probably the Assembly hoped that these Acts might
pass unnoticed or that their confirmation might be bought
(for the whole administration of England at this time
was hopelessly corrupt) with hard cash. Though unable
to raise money to help in the common defence, Massachusetts
could always find it for her own purposes at Whitehall
(1103).

Yet another notable matter was the evidence produced
in 1695 of the enormous increase of illicit trade in the
Colonies during these years. These revelations, as might
have been expected, were the work of Edward Randolph ;

XXVI

PREFACE.

Massachu-
setts, Pennsyl-
vania and
Maryland.

but there was collateral testimony adduced from other
quarters also (2198, 2217, 2243, 2303, 2304).
Together with these may be read two more papers (2187,
2273), shewing how Scotland endeavoured to share in the
Colonial Trade of England, and how furiously jealous
England was of her competition. These, however, are
matters of which we shall see more in the next volume
of this Calendar, though even in the present volume there
is mention (2340), of a new Act passed in 1695-6 for
preventing frauds and regulating the Plantation Trade.
This enactment will be constantly before our eyes during
the years immediately before us. For the present it is
sufficient to call attention to the remarkable parallel
between these years and those which immediately preceded
the American Revolution. Then,-' as in 1693-1696, the
Colonies refused to face the question of defence, and the
Mother Country came forward to protect them, but strove
to indemnify herself by stricter enforcement of the Acts
of Trade. The only difference was that in 1763 the French
were conquered, whereas in 1693 they were triumphant.
The next volume will reveal to us the further fact, of which
there is already a hint in these pages (1916), that the
American Colonies, one and all, not content with violation
of the Acts of Trade, were making good the inevitable
losses of the war by piracy, and that upon so large a scale
that they almost swept the English trade with the East
Indies off the sea. On the whole the story of the American
Colonies during this war will not be found creditable
either to them nor, for the most part, to the Governors
who were appointed by England to bear rule over them.

For the rest there is little beyond the operations of war
to arrest attention in the Northern Colonies, though the
accounts of the grant of the Post Office of Massachusetts
to Andrew Hamilton, Governor of New Jersey, may be of
some interest (228, 2234 and Index under Massachusetts).
In Pennsylvania, the successful struggle of William Penn
to maintain his rights may be studied in a few papers

PREFACE. xxvii

(860, 1127, 1138, 1144, 1181); as also the predilection
of the Quakers for smuggling and piracy (1916). In
Maryland there are signs that during the reign of Governor
Copley there was an attempt by persecution of Edward
Randolph and Sir Thomas Lawrence, an official sent out
from England, to treat the Acts of Trade as not existing
(263). Both of these officials, however, having powerful
patrons at Whitehall, were reinstated (556, 1937). After
the death of Copley and a short interregnum under Sir
Edmund Andros (637), Francis Nicholson, late Lieutcnant-
Governor of New York, was appointed to the Government
and matters went more smoothly. There is, however, a
curious picture of a dispute between him and his Lower
House, which he ended by handing the Speaker a sermon
of the Archbishop of Canterbury " of doing good for
posterity," and adjourning them for twenty-four hours that
they might peruse it (2263). The shifting of the seat of
Government to Annapolis in these years may be studied by
reference to that word in the index.

Virginia. Virginia, again, apart from the question of the quota,

presents little of interest beyond the fixed resolution of
the legislature that there should be no town in the Colony.
An effort to create one by limiting the number of 'ports
was frustrated by the House of Burgesses and abandoned
in despair (628, 652, 776). The province suffered much
from want of convoys to carry away its produce, and to
bring the English manufactures upon which it depended
almost as much for its necessaries as its luxuries (466).
The next volume will shew us more clearly the stagnation
and the backwardness of Virginia. In these pages there is
no sign of it except the persecution of the Bishop of
London's Commissary (1788) nominally for recalcitrance,
but really, as the next volume will shew, for his efforts
to rouse the planters.

Carolina. The documents respecting Carolina are likewise of

little significance, except for one or two indications of
the encouragement of piracy, the abuse of the Acts

xxvm

PREFACE.

The mania in
England for
speculative
enterprise in
the Colonies.

Bermuda.

of Navigation, and maltreatment of the Indians, all
of them matters of too common occurrence in Carolina
to call for any special remark (704, 705, 2256).

A point of greater interest is the rage in England
at this time for speculative companies to develop the
resources of the Colonies. The most conspicuous of these,
Sir Matthew Dudley's, was formed with most comprehensive
designs for working mines and exporting naval stores from
New England. Its history may be traced under Dudley's
name in the index; but it is noteworthy that the Com-
mittee of Plantations, before coming to any decision
thereupon, referred the matter - to the Agents for
Massachusetts, who strongly objected to the grant of any
such Charter as was desired by the Company, and under-
took themselves to supply such naval stores as were
needed (983, 1331). We shall see in the next volume
how the Government of Massachusetts fulfilled its engage-
ment. Other undertakings for the supply of naval stores
may be traced in the index under the names of Richard
Haynes, John Taylor, and the heading Naval Stores. The
subject is of some interest to naval history, since it
marks a growing anxiety on the part of the English
Government to possess some other source for supply of
tar, pitch, timber and so forth, than the countries in the
Baltic.

Passing now to the West Indies there is little to be
read of Bermuda except a succession of letters from
Governor Goddard to the detriment of the late Governor
Isaac Richier. The latter, it will be remembered, had
been displaced on an information that he was a Jacobite,
and without the least enquiry whether there were any
ground for the information or not. The next volume
will shew what gross injustice was done by this readiness
to accept accusations against a prisoner without first
hearing him in his defence. It was just such cases as
these that ultimately begat the existing regulation, that

PREFACE.

XXIX

The
Bahamas.

The West
Indies. The
question of
defence.

letters addressed to the Colonial office concerning any
point in the administration of a Colony must be
transmitted through the Governor.

In the Bahamas there is nothing to notice except the
appointment of Nicholas Trott, the Bermudian, to be
Governor. His antecedents, which are traceable though
not worth tracing in former volumes of this Calendar,
were not of the best; and future volumes will shew that
he was a very great rogue. It must, however, be conceded
that had he been an honest man, he would have found
himself very solitary in the Bahamas of that day.

In Barbados, the Leeward Islands and Jamaica we find
comparatively little that calls for attention outside the
sphere of defence against French aggression; but this
subject in the West Indies as in North America assumes
at this time an importance so great that it cannot be
overlooked. The defence of the islands hitherto had been
entrusted principally to the militia, which consisted of the
"white servants" who were regularly imported from
England, and sold into servitude to the planters for a
term of years. War and sickly seasons had reduced the
numbers of these white servants on the spot very seriously ;
while the dearth of recruits and of seamen in England
made the importation of a fresh supply a very costly
business. Moreover since the islands depended on the
American Colonies for their supplies of food, it was
essential that their coasts should be guarded so as to
allow safe ingress for their provision-ships. I have already
given account of the dismay which fell upon the West
Indies upon the withdrawal of Sir Francis Wheler's
expedition; and it is consequently no matter of surprise
to find that, as soon as the news reached England, the
Agents for the Leeward Islands began to cry out for
ships, men, arms and ammunition to be despatched to
the assistance of Governor Codrington (696, 670). It
was more than usually difficult to refuse them, since an
Act of Antigua, to encourage the importation of white

XXX

PREFACE.

Barbados
obtains a
Regiment
from England.

servants, had been disallowed on the ground that it would
also encourage the practice "known as kidnapping"
(622, 806). The Agents were accordingly required to
state their wants, which they duly did in February 1694
(859); and an order was given for four ships to be sent
forthwith to the West Indies (870) and (if the Agents
for the Leeward Islands are to be believed) four
hundred recruits with them (1564 1.).

These recruits, however, were not despatched, for the
Agents for Barbados had in July 1693 anticipated the
Leeward Islands by asking that a whole regiment might be
stationed in that island (451), while Governor Kendall had
further solicited the sending of five ships thither. To this
latter request the Admiralty answered firmly with Non
possumus (618); whereupon the Agents seem to have
summoned every merchant interested in Barbados to press
for the despatch of a regiment, and with such success that
the Committee agreed to recommend compliance with their
request (709, 721). Having gained so much, the Agents
proceeded next to point out that Barbados could no longer
afford to find quarters for the regiment, and that, if the
King would bear that expense, the favour would be very
gratefully received (759, 884). The King, though himself
at his wits' end for money, thereupon consented to pay
for the men's quarters if the island would meet the expense
of their transportation (904). To this the Agents rejoined
that they had no instructions to undertake this outlay nor
fund to discharge it, and could only beg that the troops
might be sent as soon as possible, throwing themselves
at the King's mercy for the cost of their quarters a very
ingenious method of forcing the King to take the whole
of the expenses upon himself (917). Finally the matter
was compromised by an arrangement that as many men
as could be spared should be sent out at once, and the
remainder, up to a total of 500 men, despatched by some
convenient opportunity (928, 964,\

PREFACE.

xxxi

Governor
Russell sails
with half the
Regiment to
Barbados.

Jamaica. Its
defenceless-
ness.

It had already been decided that Francis Russell should
go Governor to Barbados to relieve Governor Kendall,
and accordingly in June 1694 he sailed from Plymouth
in company of four men-of-war, taking with him 230 of
the 500 soldiers of the Barbados regiment, of which he
had been appointed Colonel. Arriving at the island on
the 17th of August he found all in good order (1266),
but for the presence of some swift French privateers, which
kept hovering off the coast to cut off the trading craft,
and defied all efforts of the English men-of-war to catch
them. After a month's stay he persuaded the Assembly
to fit out two smart West Indian sloops to make an
end of these troublesome privateers and manned them
with one hundred of his English soldiers ; when in
September 1694 there came news from Jamaica which
made him long to gather the whole of his force together
and sail to that island without a moment's delay (1391).
It is therefore necessary at this stage to pass to leeward
and see what had befallen in Jamaica.

That island, it will be remembered, had been nearly
ruined by the great earthquake of 1692 and by the
pestilence which followed upon it. Fortunately a strong
and sensible man, William Beeston, himself one of the
magnates of Jamaica, had been appointed to take charge
of it as Lieutenant-Governor, and with great public spirit
had accepted the very thankless office (211, 285).
Arriving in the island in March 1693 he found it "in a
"very mean condition" discouraged, depopulated and heavily
in debt, while French privateers from Hispaniola plied
eternally about the coast to snap up the trading schooners
(209). He therefore begged persistently for frigates of
light draught, to follow these predatory craft; for the
French, not content with doing mischief at sea, were
constantly landing small parties to kill and to plunder.
Moreover, the operations of an English squadron to wind-
ward were of little consolation to Jamaica to leeward,
since they might mean no more than the transfer of the

8060 C

xxxn

PREFACE.

Warning of a
coming raid
of the French

UpOQ

Jamaica.

The French
descend upon
Jamaica.

entire French force from Martinique and Guadeloupe to
Hispaniola, from whence twenty-four hours would suffice
to throw it upon the coast of Jamaica (301, 302, 361).
The scarcity of money and the stagnation of trade made
it extremely difficult to restore the ruined fortifications
of the island and to place it in a state of defence ; and
the Assembly as usual shewed itself readier to obstruct
than to forward any measures for the benefit of the
country (635). Throughout 1693 and the beginning of
1694 the raids of the French became more menacing,
while lack of men and the wreck of one of the men-of-war
weakened still farther Beeston's ..resources for protection
of the island (876, 1004).

At last on the 17th of June 1694 the blow, long
dreaded by Beeston, fell with full force upon Jamaica.
On the evening of the 31st May, Beeston was sitting with
a few friends in the rude shelter which, since the earthquake,
had done duty for Government House, when there came
in a lean, weary man, his clothes in rags and his face
burnt brown by salt and sun, with a warning that the French
were coming from Hispaniola under Monsieur Ducasse
with twenty ships and three thousand men, to make an
end of British rule in Jamaica. The visitor was one
Stephen Elliot, a merchant-skipper, who, being a prisoner
at Petit Guavos, had heard of the French preparations.
By stealth and skill he had contrived to escape with two
fellow-prisoners, and had made his way in a canoe just
larga enough to carry the three of them over three hundred
miles of open sea to give the alarm in Jamaica. It seems
strange that such an action should have been forgotten,
for, if ever a deed of heroism was recorded in English
history, it is this of the unknown Stephen Elliot.

Happily he came in good time, though his report led
Beeston to apprehend that the French might arrive
within five days. Instantly the Council was summoned,
and all haste was made to place the island in a state of
defence. Unable to guard the whole of it, Beeston wisely

PREFACE. xxxiii

called in the inhabitants from all outlying quarters, and
concentrated his entire force within a radius of from
ten to fifteen miles from Kingston, destroying all works
that could not be defended, and burying the guns. Day
succeeded day without a sign of the French, until on
Sunday, the 17th of June, their fleet came in sight as
if making straight for Port Royal. But they feared to
enter the harbour, and dividing their force anchored six
of their ships at Morant Bay, on the eastern extremity
of the island, and the remainder at Cow Bay, seven leagues
to windward of Kingston. Then landing their forces they
laid waste the whole of the intervening country, destroying
everything to the very fowls and herbs. " Some of the
" straggling people that were left behind they tortured,
" some they murdered in cold blood ; some women they
" suffered the negroes to violate ; some they dug out of
" their graves, so that more inhuman barbarities were
" never committed by Turk or infidel."
Repulse of the For a month this brutal work continued, without avail

French.

to tempt Beeston into imprudent action ; and then the
raiders made a fresh landing at Carlisle Bay, some ten
leagues to Westward of Port Royal. Beeston at once
sent troops to reinforce the post, but, before they could
arrive, the French had stormed an ill-designed breastwork,
which had been erected for defence of the landing-place, and
had driven back the defenders with considerable loss. Weary,
lame and hungry though they were, after a forced march
of thirty miles, Becston's reinforcement at once attacked
the victorious French and succeeded in saving the remnant
of the beaten militia. Then for a few days there was
a lull, while the French continued the work of plunder,
but on the 22nd the enemy was rudely repulsed while
attempting to storm a fortified house, which was held by
a little party of twenty-five resolute men. This sharp
lesson was too much for a force which consisted not of
regular troops but of cowardly ruffians from all quarters ;
and on the 28th July Ducasse sailed away with a loss of

XXXIV

PREFACE.

Reinforce-
ments
promised
from England
for Jamaica.

A great
Expedition
planned
against the
French in
Hispaniola.

some 350 killed and wounded, thoroughly beaten by
Beeston's skill and resolution (1236 1.).

Jamaica, however, had also suffered heavily. 100 men
had been killed and wounded ; fifty sugar works and 200
houses had been burned and 1,300 negroes carried off,
a crushing misfortune to an island already ruined by
earthquake and sickness. Beeston wrote home plainly
that without speedy recruits of men and shipping the
island would be unable to repel a second attack, if the
French should attempt it (1194). Fortunately his letters,
written immediately after the landing of the French in
June, had had a good passage io England. On the 3rd
of August the Committee of Plantations wrote him a
letter of commendation, promising not only speedy succour
but a force that should reduce the French in the neighbour-
hood (1189). On the 14th it was agreed to recommend
the despatch of a ship and a draft of soldiers immediately
(1223), and by the 20th, while the reinforcements for
New York were still on march to their port of embarkation,
preparations for a great armament were in full swing.

The very numerous documents relating to these
preparations (see index Jamaica) are among the most
interesting that I have encountered, for the light that they
shed upon departmental administration at this period. In
the first place it seems that both the Commissioners of
the Navy and the Admiralty were of opinion that they
had sufficient work on their hands without undertaking
the despatch of an expedition to Jamaica (1239, 1240).
The Committee was therefore fain to turn to the Com-
missioners of Transportation, whose reports as to shipping
were very far from encouraging (1244, 1259-1261).
Meanwhile it was agreed to draft out two regiments,
each 600 strong, which involved much calculation of
expenses (1245, 1262-1264). Then came long correspon-
dence with the Victualling Board as to the feeding of
these men, which correspondence was not the shorter
because the Privy Council named their strength at 1,600

.PREFACE. xxxV

men, and the Committee of Plantations at 1,700 men
(1302), while the Commissioners of Transport were required
to provide freight first for 2,000 and then for 1,700
men (1280, 1301). Then came the arrangements for the
appointment of a Commissary by the Treasury, and for
supply of medicines (1313, 1348), and at last the
appointment of Colonel Luke Lillingston to command
the land-forces. Lillingston, however, who had gained
experience of West Indian fighting with Sir Francis
Wheler, complicated matters not a little by certain
stringent demands for money (1360). This was the more
awkward since the Agents for the Leeward Islands had
simultaneously been clamouring for pay and recruits for
the garrisons in that quarter (1350, 1353).

ofthe P10greSS ^e Agents seem to have been thrust aside for the
preparations, moment in the press of business; and we find the Com-
missioners for Transportation on the 29th of September
nervously requesting the Committee of Plantations to
inform the Admiralty that the transports for the expedition
would be ready to sail from Gravesend on the 15th of
October (1361). This is noteworthy as shewing the awe
wherein the Admiralty was held by subordinate depart-
ments. Meanwhile the expedition was increased by another
hundred men (1377), and Colonel Lillingston was formulating
fresh demands for money, clothing, and provisions for
sick soldiers (1381, 1384) when the Victualling Board
suddenly declared that it could do no more for the
Jamaica expedition, having Admiral Russell's fleet to
victual (1387). They made an effort, however, though the
obscurity of the orders given to them unnecessarily
increased the volume of correspondence ; and then
followed such a torrent of estimates for the various
items of expense, as to call forth a mild protest from
the Treasury (1450). Still matters appeared to move very
slowly, and on the 25th of October Colonel Northcott
reported that his regiment, which was appointed for the
expedition, was still 200 men short of its complement,

XXX VI

PREFACE.

Continued
delay in the
preparations

The

Expedition
last puts to
sea.

at

and that lie must have an advance of money for clothing
and accoutrements (1471). Simultaneously, to the distraction
of the Treasury, Lillingston put forward further (and just)
claims for money, while the appointed doctors asked for
an advance of pay (1472, 1529). It is pleasant amid all
the confusion of the preparations to find a recommendation
that 500, a medal and chain should be granted to the
gallant Stephen Elliot, and 50 to each of his companions
(1476).

By this time November was nearly past, whereas the
expedition, if it were to arrive in time, should have
started at the end of October.-' Everything was delayed
because the Treasury would not produce the necessary
money (1532), and at last William Blathwayt addressed
an indignant letter to the department, urging their Lord-
ships to make haste and despatch the business before them
(1533). Meanwhile orders were given on 26 November
to the transports to sail from Spithcad to Plymouth;
but the masters professed themselves unable to obey them,
because their crews had been impressed by the men-of-war
(1555). At least nine days elapsed before the Admiralty
could or would provide protections for the crews (1579),
and then the Commissioners of Transport wrote in
dismay that though, in obedience to orders, they had taken
up shipping for 1,800 men, they now heard that only
1,400 were to be sent out (1574) and dreaded the
responsibility for the unnecessary expense. Finally on the
2 1st of December we find that the transports were still
in the Downs because the Admiralty had not provided a
convoy to take them round to Plymouth (1582, 1602).
It is sufficiently evident that the Admiralty worked sulkily
and with a bad grace for this expedition ; but it was
not for the first time that they manifested so obstructive
a spirit, and assuredly it was not the last.

Meanwhile the Agents for the Leeward Islands,
losing patience, had again applied for four hundred recruits
for the regiment in that quarter and for its arrears of

PREFACE.

xxxvn

The Leeward
Islands steal
away half of
the Barbados
llepriment.

pay (1564 1.). It is significant that all that had been paid
to clear this regiment up to April 1692 (it was now
November 1694) were tallies upon an Act to collect certain
duties, which would not be paid until three years hence
(1523). Strong memorials were brought forward shewing
the hardships endured by the men and officers (1536,
1537); and an estimate having been submitted of the
cost of raising four hundred recruits, the King very
handsomely granted them rather less than half the allotted
sum in order to raise half the number of men (1558,
1612). Then, the troublesome Agents having thus been
temporarily silenced, the business of the Jamaica expedition
was renewed. On the 23rd of December the Commanders,
Colonel Lillingston and Commodore Wilmot, received their
instructions (1619, 1620). On the 8th of January 1695
the troops were ordered to embark on the following week ;
on the 10th the royal instructions as to plunder were
issued ; on the 1 8th a small supplementary instruction
was sent to the Commodore (1637, 1642, 1654); and on
the 23rd the expedition fairly put to sea just three
months too late.

Before it had been gone a month, there came a letter
from Governor Russell at Barbados reporting that a great
storm in September 1694 had cast away many ships and
disabled two men-of-war, that there had been much sickness
which had killed many of his soldiers and placed many
more on the sick-list, and that recruits were consequently
a great expense to him (1446). As a matter of fact
there were 270 men of his regiment waiting for transport
to join him as early as in November (1535), but in the
confusion of the Jamaica expedition they were left in
Yorkshire instead of being marched to Plymouth (1557);
consequently they were still awaiting transport in
March 1695 (1718). Meanwhile enquiry had shewn that
the officers of the regiment in the Leeward Islands found
it almost impossible to obtain recruits ; and the Agents
of those islands now came forward with a verv insidious

XXXV111

PREFACE.

The

llispaniola
Expedition.
Sources of
information.

proposal. The Barbados Agents, they said, had failed
to find transport for Russell's regiment, but they themselves
would undertake to provide the necessary shipping, if
only their Lordships would grant them eighty seamen.
If these were conceded to them, they would undertake
to transport Russell's Regiment to the Leeward Islands,
where it would serve to stave off danger for two months
until the hurricane season should come, after which, in
due time, Governor Russell could send transports to bring
them to Barbados (1747). The Barbados Agents got
wind of the design and did their best to frustrate it,
(1723) but in vain, for orders were given against them
(1748-1751) and the Barbados Regiment was irrevocably
committed to the Leeward Islands. This clever piece of
jockeying is a good instance of the length to which Colonial
jealousy will go. Those who know the West Indies can
imagine the fury of the Barbados Agents.

No doubt it was hoped that the expedition under Wilmot
and Lillingston would draw the whole of the French forces
to leeward ; and it now behoves us to follow the operations
of the fleet and army. The narratives of the same are
sufficiently numerous, there being one from Peter Beckford
who joined the expedition from Jamaica (1946), another
taken from a series of letters by one Charles Whittell (1973),
Commodore Wilmot's own report to William Blathwayt
(1980), the journal of Commissary Murrey (1983), two
significant letters from Sir William Beeston (2022, 2026),
and two letters from Colonel Lillingston (2021, 2324).
Even these, however, are insufficient to clear up this
extraordinary story without the help of a pamphlet
published in 1704, by Lillingston, to vindicate himself against
certain reflections in the narrative of the expedition as
given in Burchett's Naval History, the said Burchett
being the Secretary of the Admiralty whose name occurs
so frequently in the present volume. Such portions of
the narrative as are taken from Lillingston's pamphlet
only I shall place between asterisks; but it must be added

PREFACE. xxxix

that the bulk of the pamphlet itself is made up of
official papers which are printed in this Calendar.
Commodore * j seems then that King William, being much concerned

Wilmot s

designs. Q^ ^he failure of the three previous expeditions to the

West Indies under Captain Wright in 1689, Captain
Wren in 1691, and Sir F. Wheler in 1692-3, actually
summoned Wilmot and Lillingston to his presence and
entreated them above all things to work together amicably,
adding that, in order to remove all cause of dispute, exact
instructions had been drawn up for the division of any plunder
that might be taken between the army and the fleet
(1642).* It is somewhat singular that copies of these
same instructions were placed in the hands of Sir John
Jervis and Sir Charles Grey for their guidance in 1793,
and that then, as in the case now before us, the question
of plunder led to a violent controversy; the only
difference being that in 1695 the battle was of fleet against
army, and in 1795 of fleet and army against civilians.
* However, Wilmot and Lillingston heard their admonition
and received their instructions, Lillingston's being open
and Wilmot's sealed, with orders that they should not
be opened until he had reached the fortieth degree of
latitude. Lillingston then repaired to Plymouth, where
he found his regiment awaiting him, six companies of
1,300 men, a composite body from which the best of his
own men had been drafted to give place to others of
extremely indifferent quality (2324 vn.). On the 22nd
of January the fleet and transports sailed, and on the
4th of February the Commodore summoned a Council of
War on board the flag-ship at sea. Then the first elements
of discord shewed themselves in a furious dispute as to
whether the Captain-Lieutenant of Lillingston's Company
should be admitted to the Council (1983). The matter ended,
according to Lillingston's account, in the Commodore's
ordering the Captain- Lieutenant to be turned out of the
cabin "with a rudeness that I had never seen among
" gentlemen." Three days later, on the 7th of February,

xl

PREFACE.

Wilmot's
effort to <jet
rid of Colonel
Lillingston.

Wilmot's
dispute with
the Spanish
Commanders.

Wilmot came into Lillingston' s cabin, pulled out his
instructions, which he had opened although he had not
yet reached the prescribed latitude, and expressed great
dissatisfaction at them, but added that " he would not
"go to the West Indies to learn the language but would
"mind his own business, however things went." On the
12th the fleet came to anchor at Madeira, and then
Wilmot, "having drunk pretty freely," told Lillingston
frankly that he had had the misfortune to kill a man,
which had cost him 1,000, but that if Lillingston
would work with him they would both make their
fortunes. Lillingston declined; ^and Wilmot then said
that he would take care of himself.*

On the following day, 13 February, Lillingston and
several officers went ashore, and on that afternoon, as
all accounts agree, the wind rose high (1983). *Lillingston
at once repaired to the beach, where he found Wilmot,
who begged him to wait for a time since "his barge was
" full of ladies," promising to send another boat to fetch
him immediately.* It is, however, certain that, whether
by design (as Lillingston avers) or under pressure of the
gale, Wilmot sailed away with the whole fleet, leaving
Lillingston and most of his officers stranded at Madeira.
As luck would have it, two of the men-of-war were driven
back to Madeira, enabling Lillingston and his unfortunate
comrades to obtain a passage ; *but none of these ships
had any sailing-orders, and if Lillingston had not had
his instructions in his pocket they would have returned to
England.* This omission of Wilmot to name any place
of rendezvous is confirmed by the journal of Commissary
Murrey (p. 551).

However, marvellous to state, the entire expedition
found itself united once more on 25th March at
St. Christophers, where three officers were tried by Court-
martial and cashiered, *unjustly, according to Lillingston.*
Wilmot then sent forward a frigate to St. Domingo to
announce his coming to the Spaniards, who were to

PREFACE. xli

co-operate with him ; and on the 28th he sailed thither
himself with four ships, sending the rest of the fleet to
Samana Bay, at the eastern end of the island. On
the 3rd of April he arrived, and found there Colonel
Peter Beckford, who had been sent up from Jamaica
by Sir William Beeston with instructions to concert
operations with the Spaniards and the English Commanders,
to offer such assistance as Jamaica could give, and above
all to send him intelligence of what was going forward
(2022 i. -ix.). Not a word of answer, however, was sent
to him, and Beeston's instructions from Whitehall were
deliberately withheld from him, -Wilmot being evidently
afraid lest Beeston also should claim a share in the
plunder, to which indeed he was justly entitled (p. 567).
Meanwhile Wilmot and Lillingston went ashore and were
very honourably received by the Spanish Governor
(1980 i.); but twelve whole days were consumed to no
purpose, according to Wilmot, in "raising abundance of
" dilatory scruples." * Lillingston's account, however, is that
the Spanish Governor, on perusing his instructions, found
that he was ordered to concert operations by land with
the Commander of the land-forces only, and refused to
admit Wilmot to his Councils. Lillingston, however,
prevailed upon him at last to admit the Commodore,
and a scheme of operations was agreed upon. The
Spanish troops, from 1,000 to 1,700 in number, were
to march across the island to Manchaneel [Mancenille]
Bay on the north coast, while the fleet sailed round to
meet them from Samana Bay. This was fully in accord
with Beeston's own view, who had urged that it was
useless for this fleet to drive the French from the shore
unless the army marched inland to cut them off (2022 IX.).
The The Commodore, however, waited for six whole days

in the bay,* "rowing about in his barge with the ladies
" and all the music of the fleet in other boats."* At length,
on the 4th of May the fleet arrived at Mancenille Bay,
where on the 7th it was joined by three Spanish

xlii PREFACE.

men-of-war. The Spanish Army, however, did not arrive
until the 12th, when arrangements were made for a joint
attack upon Cap Francois. On the 14th 200 English
were landed to join the Spaniards in their march upon
it from the east; and on the 17th the fleet stood in
before Cap Frangois, while Lillingston, with the remainder
of his men, landed a little to eastward of it. * Wilmot,
however, made the disembarkation as difficult as possible,
and contrived also to land the troops at a point which
gave them a march of sixteen miles across a peninsula,
which might have been saved by four miles of rowing
at sea,* In spite of all obstacles Lillingston advanced,
and the French, seeing that they would be cut off, blew
up the fort and retired westward to Port de Paix,
carrying all that they could with them. * Thereupon
Wilmot instantly made a rush for the shore in order
to seize the place and all that might be valuable in it
for the Navy, before the Army could reach it.* So
precipitate was he that one of his captains and men
were blown up by a train of gunpowder which the French
had left behind them. * Nevertheless he gained his
point, for the naval forces managed to carry off all the
plunder, principally liquor, for themselves ; with the
result that both Spanish and English soldiers, furious
at being defrauded, were driven to the verge of mutiny*
(p. 554). With some difficulty and delay the dispute
was composed, and it was arranged that the whole Army
should march by land against Port de Paix, while the
fleet proceeded against it by sea. The distance by land
was not great, and was reckoned by the Spaniards to
occupy not more than four days ; but the country was very
rugged ; the rainy season had set in ; and the innumerable
streams that crossed the line of march were much swollen.
Thus it came about that the march occupied sixteen
whole days, * during five of which all ranks of the troops
lived on oranges and such fruits and vegetables as they
could find. Nevertheless perfect order was preserved,

PREFACE.

and not above twelve men died.* On the 13th of June
the army at last came before the fort of Port de Paix,
and a party was sent forward to regain touch with the
the fleet, which was lying in a bay close by. * After
two days of delay the Commodore joined the Colonel,
and then for the second and last time he asked him to
join in making the fortunes of them both; asking first
that they should divide the plunder equally if the fort
were taken, though by the royal instructions only such forces
as were landed were entitled to share in it, and that they
should then seize the three Spanish men-of-war (which had
managed to appropriate a good deal of the spoil) and
carry them to Jamaica. "We'll make them pay us well,"
he said, " before we part with them." Lillingston of
course declined, and thereupon Wilmot laid himself out
more than ever to thwart him.*

Exp U e r d n ition h t e o The remainder of the story can almost be told without
Jamaica. thLe help o f Lillingston's pamphlet. The Commodore

refused to land the materials for a siege except at such
a distance that the Colonel wore his men out with
hauling them over half a mile of morass to the points
selected for batteries. The Commissary refused to supply
the ' materials required of him ; and, in a word, every
obstacle was thrown in the way of the soldiers.
* Nevertheless they contrived to complete their batteries
and open such a fire that on the 3rd of July the French
evacuated the fort, broke through Wilmot's lines, which
lay on the opposite side, and with some loss escaped. It
must be noted that though the Commodore claimed the
whole credit of the success for himself, his dispositions
are condemned by Lillingston as futile.* The soldiers
finding the place evacuated at once occupied it with a
small force ; whereupon Wilmot promptly overpowered
them with five hundred seamen and took the whole of the
plunder for the fleet. This brought the operations to an
end, for the soldiers were reduced by sickness to a mere
handful; and the expedition sailed to Jamaica, Lillingston

xliv

PREFACE.

White
servants in
the West
Indies.

more dead than alive, but Wilmot still intent upon making
the most of his voyage. Here Wilmot quarrelled with
Sir William Beeston, and his behaviour led Beeston to
reconsider the judgment which he had formerly passed upon
the operations and to lay the blame on the right shoulders
(2022, 2026). His letters are worth- reading, but the
most tragic document of all is the state of Lillingston's
regiment in October 1695 (2123), shewing that over one
thousand out of thirteen hundred men had been sacrificed
to the avarice of Wilmot. The Nemesis that overtook
the principal actors in the drama must not be over-
looked. Wilmot died before .he reached England.
Commissary Murrey, who had joined his faction, died
also at Jamaica and left papers undestroyed which served
as damaging evidence against him. Captain Launce, a
favourite of Wilmot and of like nature with him, died
likewise at sea on the voyage to England. *Finally
much of the plunder which had been gathered by
Wilmot was misappropriated by one of the worst of his
Captains, and these ill-gotten gains became the subject of
litigation between this thief and the widow of Wilmot.
Lillingston, on the other hand, though at first coldly
received by the King, was able to make good his defence
and was rewarded with a pension. That his story is
the true one, corroborated as it is on all essential points
by several documents in the present volume, I cannot
doubt, the less so inasmuch as Prince George of Denmark,
consort of Queen Anne and Lord High Admiral, accepted
the dedication of his pamphlet in refutation of Burchett's
history.

For the rest, there is little more to engage our
attention in the West Indies beyond the peculiar
circumstances which rendered necessary those numerous
expeditions from England. First it must be noticed
that the seasons in the West Indies since the beginning
of the war had been terribly unhealthy, and that the
white population had in consequence been greatly

PREFACE.

diminished. This had not unnaturally emboldened the
blacks ; and accordingly we find the whole of the islands
in mortal terror of a negro insurrection, and actual traces
of such insurrection in Jamaica (see index). Of the
systematic intimidation by which the negroes were held
in check the reader will find instances in Nos. 31, 520,
and 1963. But unfortunately it was not only negroes
who were ill-treated. Governor Russell (1738) gives an
account of the "white servants" in Barbados which is
painful to read. " I dare say there are hundreds of
"white servants in the island, who have been out of
"their time for many years, and who have never a bit
" of fresh meat bestowed on them nor a dram of rum.
"They are domineered over and used like dogs . . . '
A.nd then he proceeds to recommend (like a true Russell)
that they might be enfranchised, so that "people would
" sometimes give the poor miserable creatures a little
"rum and fresh provisions, and such things as would be
" of nourishment to them and make their lives more
" comfortable, in the hope of getting their votes." It is
noteworthy, too, that when Russell, despairing at the
state of the fortifications of Barbados, called upon all
white men without distinction to take their turn of
military service, he was met by loud murmurs and
protests of indignation (2011, 2030, 2047). Hence the
eternal calls on the Mother Country for troops, which
the petty Assemblies of each petty island seemed to
think were intended for their own special protection
(789, 872). The true remedy, of course, would have
been to send no troops but plenty of ships ; but here
again there was the difficulty that there were no facilities
for the refitting of ships in the West Indies. Moreover,
the King's officers abroad, taking pattern from the
Board of Admiralty the most despotic of departments
at home were independent, insubordinate and arbitrary
to an incredible degree ; while their abuse of their
powers of impressment was, as will be seen more

xlvi

PREFACE.

Disorganisa-
tion of Ad-
ministration
in England.

clearly in the next volume, a positive danger (see index,
Navy, The Royal).

It need hardly be added that throughout this volume
there runs one long and continuous thread of testimony
as to the inefficiency and disorganisation of the English
Administrative Departments and above all of the dangerous
condition of English finance. In No. 568 the reader
will see how an Order in Council for the disallowance
of an Act of Barbados was surreptitiously obtained by
a private individual and sprung upon the Governor by
surprise; while the instances of Orders in Council being
passed and no action whatever being taken upon them
are too many to enumerate. In No. 569 it will be seen
how the Victualling Board allowed the Governor to
advance 1,600 from his private purse for the King's
Navy without the least effort to repay him ; and in
Nos. 2084 in., x., will be seen instances of the kind of
repayment that he might have received tallies for
1,670, on which the charges for discount were 901.

On the whole it may be said that the interest of the
present volume is rather for Englishmen than for
Americans, and rather for soldiers than for civilians.
An editor, however, can only present the material that
is given to him as faithfully as he can, and plead that
it is not his personal predilections but the contents of
the documents before him that have decided his choice
of the subjects to be dwelt upon in his preface. The
next volume will bring us to the Peace of Ryswick and
to calmer times ; but in the present there can be written
down only that which stares at us from every page
the collapse of a rotten system of administration under
the strain of prolonged war.

J. W. FOETESCUE.

COLONIAL PAPEES.

1693.

1693.

Jan. 1 1. Extract from a letter of Mr. Stock at Deal. Reporting

that a ship which sailed in September or October for Virginia ^with
letters was captured by the French, but that all the packets were
thrown overboard before the capture. Copy. ^p. [America and
West Indies. 638. No. 1.]

Jan. 4. 2. Order of Sir William Phips to Captain Richard Short, R.N.
To hand over four of his men to H.M. Sloop Mary, for immediate
service. Copy. 1 p. [Board oj Trade. New England, 6. No. 17.]

Jan. 4. 3. Depositions of John March, Captain of Pemaquid Fort,

and Captain Nathaniel Hatch of H.M.S. Mary, as to the provocation
given by Captain Short to Sir William Phips which led to the
scuffle between them. Copy. 1 p.

Another copy of the foregoing. Endorsed. Read at the Com-
mittee, 15 June, 1693-4. [Hoard oj Trade. New England, 6.
Nos. 18, 19.]

Jan. 5. 4. Order of the King in Council. Referring the presentment

Whitehall. o f the Commissioners of Customs as to illegal trading on the part

of the Governor of Bermuda, to Lords of Trade and Plantations,

who will recommend a fit person to be Governor of Bermuda.

Signed. Rich. Colinge. \ p. Annexed,

4. i. Presentment of the Commissioners of Customs. We have
received a report from the Collectors at Liverpool as to
Governor Richier's having built a sloop and sent tea with
sugar and tobacco to Scotland, contrary to the Acts of
Navigation. Signed. Robt. Southwell, P. Warde, Robt.
Clayton, Jo. Werden. Copy. 1 p. Copies of Reports from
the Liverpool Customs House of 21 and 26 Dec., 1692,
are attached. ^ pp. The whole endorsed. Reed. 7 Jan.,
1692-3. [Board oj Trade. Bermuda, 2. Nos. 6, 61. ;
and 28, pp. 39, 40.]

Jan. 5. 5. Minutes of Council of New York. The Governor produced
a letter written by Abraham Gouverneur, which had inflamed the
followers of Leisler, and asked the advice of the Council thereon. The
Council advised that he should send copy of the letter to Sir
William Phips, telling him of the mischief that it had done and

AG780. Wt. 8060/G23. 400 20/G/01. M. A

! COLONIAL PAPERS.

1093.

asking for Gouverneur to be given up to him. Captain Thomas
Clarke was recommended as a suitable emissary to carry the letter.
Order for survey of Richard and Thomas Willett's and of Col. Van
Cortland's land lately purchased from the Indians. The Governor
showed the Council the letter that he had written to Sir William
Phips, and it was approved. Order for a proclamation exhorting the
people to peace. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 364, 365 ;
and pp. 388, 389.]

Jan. 6. 6. Governor Fletcher to Sir William Phips. Abstracted below

under date 31 Jan. (see paye 11). Copy. 1 p. [America and West
Indies. 579. No. 24.]

Jan. 7. 7. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Presentment
of Commissioners of Customs read (sec No. 4 i), and the question
of a new Governor for Bermuda considered.

The Commissioners of the Admiralty and Mr. Thomas Povey
attended on the business of the Naval Officer at Jamaica. Agreed
that a clause be inserted therein to preserve the rights of the
Admiralty.

Petition of Stephen Duport read, and decision thereon taken.

Petitions of Jeffrey Jeffries and others read, and order given
thereon. [Board of Trade. Journal, 7. pp. 158-160.]

Jan. 7. 8. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. That the
Whitehall. Lord President recommend on their behalf that, on the petition
of Stephen Duport, orders be given to Governor Codrington for
petitioner to be allowed the same benefit in recovering his possessions
in the Leeward Islands as all other subjects. [Board of Trade.
Leeward Islands, 44. p. 114.]

Jan. 7. 9. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. That the
names of Colonel Long and Captain Goddard, recommended by
Lord Falkland and the Earl of Scarborough, be submitted to the
King for the Government of Bermuda. [Board of Trade. Bermuda,
28. p. 46.]

Jan. 7. 10. Petition of Edward Richier, on behalf of Isaac Richier, to
Lords of Trade and Plantations. To respite all judgment on Isaac
Richier until his answer to the charges against him has been heard.
1 p. Endorsed. Reed. 7 Jan., '92. Read same day. [Board of
Trade. Bermuda, 2. No. 7.]

Jan. 7. 11- Petition of Jeffrey Jeffries and other merchants of London,
owners of the hired ship Wolf, to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
For the stop on the ship's pay, imposed on account of salvage-
charges, to be taken off, on their giving security for the same. 1 p.
Endorsed. Read 7 Jan. 1692-3. [America and West Indies. 638.
No. 2.]

Jan. 7. 12. Minute of Lords of Trades and Plantations. Order for
directions to be given to the Admiralty in compliance with the
petition of Jeffrey Jeffries. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 36. p. 216.]

Jan. 7. 13. Governor Fletcher to Joseph Dudley. After great pains in

New York, allaying the heats of these people (to which you are no stranger), I

had so far gained my point by persuasion with some, giving

AMEEICA AND WEST INDIES. 3

1693.

equal justice to all, forbidding names of distinction and exhorting to
amity, that all things appeared serene, no cause to ruffle, no cloud
to obscure our peace. The face of love was not more smooth.
But on a sudden I heard from all parts of several meetings, violent
expressions, with reflections on some of the Council, demands of
reparation for Leisler's blood, etc. So sudden a storm -surprised
me. While I was beating my thoughts about the matter, Providence
directs the enclosed letter into my hands, by which it appears,
if what is there asserted be true, that your Governor is the
incendiary or rather the bellows that blows up the dying embers of
former discontents. How suitable this is to the trust reposed in
him, and how much it conduces .to their Eoyal Majesties' service
will best appear when the matter comes before the Council. It is
utterly impossible for me to accommodate things according to the
Royal commands and my own native temper, while that knight gives
encouragement to those actions which the King in Council has
allowed to be legal. I enclose my letter to Sir W. Phips on that
occasion. Signed. Ben. Fletcher. Holograph. '2 pp. Enclosed,
13. i. Copy of Governor Fletcher's letter to Sir W T . Phips.
(see below, page 11). [Board of Trade. New York. 5,
Nos. 1, li.]

Jan. 9. 14. William Blathwayt to Mr. Sotherne. Asking the Lords of the

Admiralty to draft a clause to preserve their rights, for insertion in
the Patent of the Naval Officer at Jamaica. [Board of Trade.
Jamaica, 53. p. 133.]

Jan. 9. 15. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Ordered that no morning or

evening gun be fired by H.M.S. Guernsey till further notice. Order
for a proclamation to recall all British subjects and invite all allies
and neutrals. Orders for certain payments, for permission to two
persons to leave the Island, for a Council of War to be held on the
17th, and for the Colonels to be warned to put themselves in a
posture of defence, sending no more field-officers than can be spared
to the Council of War. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 77. pp. 235-
237.]

Jan. 12. 16. Commissions of the Proprietors to Nicholas Trott, as
Governor of the Bahama Islands. Signed. Craven, Ashley,
P. Colleton. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XXII., pp. 204-205.]

Jan. 12. 17. Instructions of the same to Governor Nicholas Trott. He
is within 30 days after arrival to summon the freeholders to elect
an Assembly of 20 members. Laws passed by the Assembly, and
ratified by the Governor and any three deputies are to be in force
for two years only, unless ratified by the Proprietors., Six
freeholders elected by the Assembly and six deputies of the
Proprietors will form the Council. Signed as the preceding.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XXII., pp. 205-206.]

Jan. 12. 18. Additional instructions to Nicholas Trott. 100 acres of
the best land are to be set apart permanently for the Governor, and
50 acres in every parish for glebe. Plots not exceeding 25 acres may
be granted to all immigrants, to their wives and children (if over
sixteen) and to servants whose term has expired. Proprietors are

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1G93.

Jan. 12.

Jan. 12.

Virginia.

Jan. 12.

Jan. 13.

Jan. 14.

Jan. 16.

Jan. 17.

Kensington.

Jan. 17.
Jan. 18.

entitled to a grant of 3,000 acres. All grants must be signed by the
Governor and two deputies. One tenth of produce of salt is reserved
to the Proprietors, Signed as the preceding. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol.
XXII., pp. 207-208.]

19. Minutes of Council of New York. Order for payment of
60 to James Graham for his many public services, since the revenue
cannot at present bear the charge of a salary for him. Orders for
sundry other payments, chiefly on account of military matters and
presents to Indians. The inhabitants of Newtown consented to the
Governor's proposal of 22 December last as to their differences with
the neighbouring townships. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 365,
366 ; and pp. 389, 390.]

20. Proclamation of the Government of Virginia. Announcing
the appointment of Peter Heyman as der/uty postmaster of Virginia.
Copy. Large sheet.

Another copy. Endorsed. Reed. 27 March, 1694. [America and
West Indies, 638. Nos. 3, 4 ; and Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXIV.,
p. 771.]

21. Minutes of Council of Virginia. The Queen's letter in
favour of Thomas Neale read, and a proclamation in accordance
with his patent ordered. The accounts of the Rangers referred to
the Auditor. Ordered that the Rangers do not begin to range again
until 1st March, unless something extraordinary require it.

Order for hire of a ship from Captain Henry Finch for
their Majesties' service, the Henry, prize, being disabled. Order
for payment of the Rangers' accounts. Agreed to convene an
Assembly for 2nd March. Licenses to several persons to " catch
whales granted.

Order for building a powder magazine. John Lowry licensed
as a pilot. Form of commission for Justices of the Peace
approved and the list of justices revised. Order for recording a
complaint against Ralph Wormeley for neglect of his duties as a
Collector. Order for the great guns in the several counties to be
mounted. [Col, Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXIV., pp. 785-790.]

22. Minutes of Council of New York. The Governor produced
a letter from Sir William Phips of 26 October as to Martin's
Vineyard, and caused his answer to be read, which was approved.
Frederick Philips's petition referred to the Attorney General.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 366-367, and p. 390.]

23. Warrant for the respite of William Dolby and Edward
Legg, condemned to death, and for sending the prisoners to England
with copies of the evidence concerning them. [Board of Trade.
Virginia, 36. p. 221.]

24. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for delivery of
ammunition to H.M.S. Guernsey and to St. Mary's parish. Order
for payment of salaries. Order for proclamation of martial law.

Order for H.M.S. Guernsey to cruise for ten days to windward
and make signals if any hostile fleet be seen. [Board of Trade.
Jamaica, 77. pp. 237-239.]

AMEEICA AND WEST INDIES.

1693.
Jan. 19.

Jan. 19.

Jan. 20.

Jan. 21.

Boston.

Jan. 23.

Admiralty.

Jan. 23.

Jan. 24.

Jan. 26.

Whitehall.

Jan. 26.

Whitehall.

25. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. The Queen's letter
granting Thomas Neale power to erect post offices and appointing
Andrew Hamilton Postmaster General read. Address to their
Majesties read and approved. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV., p. 216.]

26. Minutes of Council of New York. Order for grants of land
to Thomas Fullerton. Augustine Graham sworn Surveyor-General.
A Committee appointed to run the boundaries of Boswyck, Brenklin,
Flatbush and Newtown. Grant to Frederick Philips of the manor of
Philipsborough and of the right of building a bridge to be called
Kingsbridge. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 367, 368, and
pp. 390, 391.]

27. Abraham Gouverneur to Governor Fletcher. I am in-
formed that you have demanded of Sir William Phips that I shall
be sent prisoner to New York, for writing a certain letter, whereof
the contents are construed by yourself as the words of His Excellency
to me. I presume that the original has not been well examined,
for, if any such matter be written, it is what I have been informed
of by others and has no relation to His Excellency. You are also
pleased to term me a fugitive from justice, though I was liberated
by your own order in Council of 1 September last. Copy. ^p.
[America and West Indies. 561. No. 17.]

28. Warrant of Sir William Phips to Captain John Fairweather
to arrest and take into custody Captain Richard Short of H.M.S.
Nonsuch. Copy. 1 p.

Another copy of the foregoing. 1 p. [Board of Trade. New
England, 6. Nos. 20, 21.]

29. J. Sotherne to William Blathwayt. Enclosing copy of a
clause for preserving the rights of the Admiralty, for insertion in the
Patent of the Naval Officer of Jamaica. Signed. J. Sotherne. ^ p.
Enclosed,

29. i. The clause referred to in the covering letter. 1J pp.
[Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. Nos. 1, li; and 53.
pp. 134, 135.]

30. Answer of William Cole to the petition of James Twyford
and others of Bristol. Defending his action in the seizure of the
ship Society. Copt/. 2| pp. Endorsed. Reed. 23 January,
1692-3. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 5. No. 13.]

31. Minutes of Council of Barbados. Order for sundry
payments to officers, and for payment of ten guineas to Alice Mills
for castrating forty two negroes according to sentence of the
Commissioners for trial of rebellious negroes. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. XII., pp. 396-398.]

32. Order of the King in Council. Giving effect to the Lord
President's recommendation on the petition of Stephen Duport
(see No. 8). [Board of Trade. Leeward Islands, 44. pp. 114, 115.]

33. Order of the King in Council. That a letter be written to
Sir William Phips approving his action in stopping the proceedings
against the witches in New England, and directing that in all future

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

proceedings against persons accused of witchcraft or of possession
by the devil, all circumspection be used so far as may be without
impediment to the ordinary course of justice. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXII., pp. 417, 418.]

Jan. 26.

Whitehall.

34. Order of the King in Council. Report of the Attorney-
General of 11 January, 1693, that the letters patent to Margaret, Lady
Culpeper and others, granting them the Northern Neck in Virginia,
are good and valid in law. Ordered that they enjoy the benefit of
them accordingly. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 36. pp. 219-221.]

Jan. 26. 35. Order of the King in Council. Referring the petition of
Whitehall. gi r Thomas Laurence, Bart., to the Lords of Trade and Plantations
for report. Signed. Rich. Colinge. p. Annexed,

35. i. Petition of Sir Thomas Laurence to the King. I was

appointed Secretary of Maryland* in September, 1691, but
did not reach the Colony till September, 1692. There I
found that by two Acts recently passed a great part of the
fees of my office had been diverted to the Governor, and
another part of them diverted to another office by a single
order in Council of 17 August, 1692. My protests have
been disregarded. I beg that the fees belonging to my
office may be restored to me. Copy. 1 pp. The whole
endorsed. Reed. 31 Jan. Read 11 Feb:, 1692-8. [Board
of Trade. Maryland, 2. Nos. 99, 99 1 ; and 8, pp. 91-94.]

[Jan. 26.] 36. Abstract of the complaints in the foregoing petition. 1 p.
Attached,

36. i. Copy of order of the Council of Maryland, 17 August,

1692, to separate the Chancery Office and records from
those of the Provincial Court, and the fees likewise. 1 p.
36. n. Memorandum of the Acts of Maryland relating to the
Secretary's fees. 1 p. [Board of Trade. Maryland, 2.
Nos. 100 1, 100 ii.]

Jan. 26. 37. Minutes of Council of New York. Order for grant of land
to Jane Berriman. Report of the Committee on Major Ingoldsby's
accounts. Agreed to allow to William Blathwayt 5 per cent, on all
sums arising from the revenue, as Auditor-General. Orders for
payment of the Collector's salary. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV.,
pp. 368, 369, and p. 391.]

Jan. 30. 38. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Report on John
Usher's accounts brought up and read. Day of thanksgiving
appointed for the successes of their Majesties' arms. \_Col. Entn/ Jik.,
Vol. LXIV., p. 216.]

Jan. 31. 39. Lieutenant Governor Usher to Lords of Trade and
Boston. Plantations. I gave you an account of my arrival in New
Hampshire. On the 29th October the Assembly, having passed
by-laws, settled Courts and provided for raising money, was
dissolved. I could obtain neither Courts nor money until I would
consent to an act to prevent prosecution of all law-suits above ^20,
which act was made only to prevent Mr. Allen from endeavouring
to enjoy what he apprehends to be his right. Such is their

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 7

1693.

wilfulness that they will neither raise money for defence of the
place nor pay Mr. Allen what he demands to enable him to support
the Government and defend the province. I pointed out that the
Massachusetts Government expected them to find provisions for the
soldiers sent by it, and that six months' provisions would cost
362, but all that I could obtain from the Assembly was a rate of
eighteen pence a head and of three pence in the pound, which may
amount to 150, a sum too small even to mount the great guns
which the King graciously sent to an ungrateful country.
They hope by refusing money to compel the King to annex them to
Massachusetts. I think that it would be better to keep them
distinct until a General Governor is sent to take over all from
Connecticut to Nova Scotia. Until then I see no prospect of an
end to the war. I find that the people are against Kingly Govern-
ment, whatever else they pretend to. The King's Commission was
never more slighted than by those who petitioned for annexation to
Massachusetts, and in truth the Government has so far been no
expense to them. But if joined to Massachusetts they hope at a
favourable opportunity to throw off the Kingly Government and
that they may return to their former Charter-Constitution ; and
upon this they will adventure unless timely prevented. In the
Massachusetts Government many loyal subjects complain greatly
of arbitrary proceedings and hardships put upon them, only because
they favour Kingly Government. The Acts of Navigation are
frequently violated by sending enumerated commodities to France,
Holland and Spain, and importing goods from those places without
clearing in England. The King's collectors are laid aside and
obstructed in their duty and threatened with imprisonment for
attempting to do it. New ports are appointed and naval officers
also, which were not in Sir E. Andres's time, merely to encourage
breaches of the Acts. The Commissioners of Customs can tell you
more. The Collector is diligent and faithful in his place, which is
sufficient to make him maligned by the Government. Sir William
Phips has passed many laws. That for raising money is, I think,
contrary to their Charter, which gives them no power to do so
except for defence and support of the country. But I am informed
that money is raised to pay for the Canada expedition, which was
not authorised by the King and cost 100,000, besides the loss of
1,000 lives. It is to be hoped that the people are not to be taxed
for things done without authority. There is now a rate of 30,000
imposed, to be paid in May. Never was there such a time to send
a General Governor here. You will observe that the Councillor's
oath is to give advice to the Governor and for the Government, but
not on behalf of the King, as it should be. It was my fortune to be
a Councillor and Treasurer under Sir E. Andros. The revolution
lost me 1,000. I thought it my duty to submit my accounts to
the King's Exchequer and obtained an order for the Government of
Massachusetts to . examine them. They find that I have disbursed
850 more than I received, but so far I can get no report from
them. I have received not a penny yet as Governor of New
Hampshire, and hope you will give orders for a salary to be paid to me
from the date of my commission. I shall do my duty, but as my
business lies in Boston, I beg dismissal from the post. 8ujncd,

COLONIAL PAPEES.

1693.

John Usher. 2^- pp. Endorsed. Reed. 19 July, 1693. [Board of
Trade. New Hampshire, 1. A 7 o. 19 ; and Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXVII., pp. 238-243.]

Jan. 31. 40. John Usher to the Earl of Nottingham. The Assembly
Boston. sa f rom 4^ to 29th October, and passed several Acts. On my
arrival I asked the Council what laws and revenue were in being,
and they said none, nor could be but by Act of Governor and
Assembly. Notwithstanding this, duties of impost were paid to one
Captain Stileman all the time from the overthrow of Sir Edmund
Andros till my arrival. Yet now that the Government is settled by
the King, let it be never so easy, it is such a burden that they had
rather perish than act with any cheerfulness as to support thereof.
I acquainted the Assembly that as Massachusetts supplied men,
this Province was expected to supply provisions, which for 6
months would be 362, and reminded them that before my arrival
they had engaged with Massachusetts to raise pro rata with them,
or 10s. a head. Still all that I could raise was 18f7. a head and 3rf.
in the pound, which will amount to about st>150, which will not be
enough to mount the guns sent by the King to this ungrateful
people ; and though there is absolute necessity for constant
attendance of a captain and gunner for the King's fort, I cannot get
the Council to appoint a certain salary for them. Sir William
Phips has appointed a naval office at Kittery side. As only two
vessels of 50 tons burden belong there I look upon this only as a
cloak to rob the King by violating the Acts of Navigation, and as
vessels at all times' have made entries and paid duties to the
Governor in Hampshire I am resolved to assert the right of the
river according to the Commission until I receive the King's orders.
I learn that the Assembly are addressing the King to annex them
to Massachusetts on account of their poverty. It is not poverty
but disaffection to Kingly Government. Never was greater
affront put on the King's Commission than when I arrived.
Endeavour was made that the Councillors nominated by the King
should not accept, and they have manifested their anger towards
those who did accept. It would be better to keep the province
distinct until a General Governor is sent over, which is much
desired. A levy of 100 soldiers would also be a great security.
The loyal subjects in Massachusetts implore the King to annex
all the Governments from Connecticut to Nova Scotia under one
Governor General ; otherwise they see no likelihood of an end of the
war nor relief from the grievances under which they suffer from
arbitrary proceedings, especially towards those favourable to royal
government. I was asked in England as to the capability of New
England to supply naval stores. In two or three years' time pitch,
tar and rosin could be supplied sufficient for both England and
Holland. Hemp needs good seed and understanding men to raise
it. I send copy of a letter from Governor Fletcher to Sir William
Phips, and copy of a letter sent by our Governor to New York
with reflections on the Court at home. I send also the proceedings
of Governor Fletcher's messengers, by which you may judge how
much esteemed here are persons at Court at home and how
necessary it is to have such in places of trust. I think that a

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 9

1093.

Governor General and 200 soldiers should be sent here as speedily
as possible. Sif/ned. John Usher. 2 pp. Endorsed. Eecd.
July 19, '93. Enclosed,

40. i. Narrative of the messenger sent to Boston by Governor
Fletcher. I set out from New York on the 7th January
1692-3, and on the 16th arrived at Boston, where I applied
to Colonel Joseph Dudley and Governor Usher, and
presented them my letters from Governor Fletcher. They
showed great willingness to oblige Governor Fletcher and
sent to acquaint Sir W. Phips, who was just returned from
Rhode Island, of my arrival. Sir William fixed nine
o'clock the following morning for me to wait upon him,
which I did in company with Governor Usher and
presented my letters in the presence of Mr. Usher, Joshua
Moody and one Jackson, Sir William's clerk. Sir William
gave Gouverneur's letter to his clerk to be translated, when I
pointed out that there was already a translation. After
the letter was read I asked about Gouverneur, when the
Governor said that he would consider of it and then
reflected extraordinarily upon Governor Sloughter, Major
Ingoldsby and Governor Fletcher, justifying Leisler, and
saying that if he had delivered the fort to Major Ingoldsby
he would have deserved to be hanged. He told me that if
Sloughter had lived he must have stood at the bar for
putting Leisler and Milborne to death. I answered that if
he had, it would have been for not hanging them all. I
asked for his answer as to Martha's Vineyard ; he answered
that he had sent me ; but I required another for Governor
Fletcher. He then fell a railing against Lieutenant-
Governor Nicholson, saying that he had never done a
good action in his life. I replied that he had never
done a bad one and that the King knew him to be a
better man. He then said that the King did not know
him, that he had been recommended by some courtier,
and reflected upon the Court for putting improper persons
in places of trust. I then told him, according to
instructions, that Governor Fletcher intended to be at
Martha's Vineyard early in the spring, before he went to
Albany, and since Sir William pretended that Martha's
Vineyard was in the Charter of Massachusetts, I told him
that Governor Fletcher would meet him there. Sir William
asked if I came to challenge ; I replied that I came to
deliver my message and had done so. He enquired if I
had any such orders ; I replied that I had my private
instructions which I would show to no one. He told me
that if they were my own words I was an impudent fellow ;
I answered that I thought so too, but that the words
were not mine. Sir William then said that he would take
the words as a challenge, and would certainly meet
Governor Fletcher. I told him that he might interpret it
as he pleased. He then said that if he heard Governor
Fletcher was at Martha's Vineyard he would take him
prisoner if it cost him twopence, and that he would give

10 COLONIAL PAPEES.

1693.

him cause to repent it. Many reflections also he made on
Governor Fletcher, saying that he would do his business
at home, that he would not long be at New York, that he
was short-lived, and then went on vindicating Leisler.
I told him that the King and Council were of another mind,
having pronounced the whole of the proceedings against
Leisler to be legal. He said that he knew better. I told
him that Governor Fletcher brought over the judgment of
of the King and Council ; he said it was false and would not
be denied. I then again asked for Gouverneur to be delivered
to me, as he was a fugitive under sentence. He said that
he would speak with him arid then give an answer. I
pointed out that Gouverneur' s letter reflected on himself ;
but he did not disown the matter of fact, only saying that
it was the business of the King's Governors to do what they
could against the common enemy. Sir William then
declared that Governor Fletcher had the Queen's orders
to release the prisoners, but had none the less kept them,
in order to force them to petition.

On the 19th January I received a summons from
Sir William Phips to attend the Council. After waiting
some time I was called up and was ordered to relate to the
Council my message. I said that I had no message to the
Council but only to himself, and that I had delivered it in
Governor Usher's presence. He then* asked for my
instructions : I told him that I could not show them as
they were private. He told me he would commit me till I
showed them : I answered that he might do his- pleasure.
Whereupon he told me that I was an impudent, saucy, pitiful
jackanapes. I answered that Governor Fletcher would
never have sent such a person as express messenger.
He threatened to handle me severely, and I told him that
he might hang me, but I would do my master's message.
He told me that I had abused him : I answered that it was
not my custom to abuse any, especially him. Turning to
the Council he said, " He justifies his words and says they
are no abuse." I said that the words were not mine but
Governor Fletcher's, and that if I had gone beyond my
orders I would give security to answer for the same to
Governor Fletcher, and when he denied that I came on the
King's business, I shewed that my pass spake otherwise.
He told me I was a pitiful, saucy rascal ; and when I,
protested against such treatment Mr. Stoughton said that
not 1 but Gouverneur was meant. I said that I could
take the words as spoken only to myself. Sir William then
pulled a paper out of his pocket wherein I was accused of
having said fourteen months before at New York that Sir
William Phips was a coward and a fool, and deserved to
be hanged. I denied the words and told him who was the
true author, James Barry, but he said he knew better and
would take the other's word before my oath. He then
returned to it that Governor Fletcher had challenged him,
and that his impertinent and scurrilous letter signified as

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 11

1693.

much ; and then asked of the Council that I should be com-
mitted. Mr. Stoughton spoke for me, and urged that an
express must not be served so. I was then committed
to the custody of the Marshal for half an hour, and
was then told that for the present I was dismissed, but
must attend the Council. Barry and Gouverneur were
seen in company with Sir William's secretaries on the same
night. 3 pp.

Here follows copy of Governor Fletcher's letter to Sir William
Phips, 6 January, 1693. I send you copy of a letter from
Boston by one Abraham Gouverneur. Possibly you may
not know the person, but the ill consequences of the hand-
ing about of this letter, with your name as voucher of the
truth of the contents, oblige me to say that, if their asser-
tions are true, you have forgot your duty to the King and
your manners to gentlemen. If you have not discoursed
such things with one who has fled from this province after
conviction and sentence for murder, and if what he says
be invented, you will think fit for your own vindication to
secure him and return him to New York, whence he fled
with apparent designs of disturbing the peace of the
Government. I hope you will think it reasonable to give
me satisfaction in a matter of this moment, wherein the
chief concern is their Majesties' service. \ p.

40. n. Copy of Abraham Gouverneur's letter of 12 October,
1692, relating an interview with Sir William Phips, in
which the latter showed great sympathy with him and
Leisler and spoke ill of the New York Council. Abstracted
in the preceding volume of this Calendar, No. 2548.
Dutch, with English translations. 4 pp.

40. in. Governor Sir William Phips to Governor Fletcher.
Boston, 27 January, 1692-3. I have sent you several letters
in the hope of maintaining a good correspondence between
us, but your aversion therein is shewn by your contriving
ways to prevent it. You want some person of understanding
to read Gouverneur's letter distinctly and shew you the
coherence of sentence and the meaning of stops, the want
of which has occasioned your mistaking Gouverneur's
opinion of you for my discourse to him. No part of it
concerns me, as his own letter to you shews (see No. 27).
I see no cause to deliver Gouverneur to your jailor, for it
seems that you were obliged by the Queen's order to
release him. Your absurd abusive letter demonstrates that
if I have forgotten my manners to gentlemen I have for-
gotten what you never had. I have observed my duty to the
King at all times and in particular by asking you what
assistance you can send us in the spring for an attack on
Canada, but instead of sending answer and concurrence in
so good and just a design you send a herald and challenge
me to a meeting on Martha's Vineyard, which you mean to
take by force, though it is annexed by Charter to Massa-
chusetts. Your jailor has been as insolent in delivering
this challenge as you were inconsiderate in sending it. If

12

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

Jan. 81.

H.M.S.

Conception,

Boston.

Jan. 31.
H.M.S.

Conception.

Jan. 31.

Dartmouth.

you are resolved to assert your power at Martha's Vineyard
I shall take such measures to defend it as you may not like.
I am only sorry their Majesties' affairs must suffer because
your advisers use their royal names to cover their own
designs. Copy. 1 p. [America and West Indies. 561.
Nos. 18, ISi.-m.]

41. Captain Fairfax, R.N., to Mr. Sotherne. My stores and
provisions are all expended some months since, all of which I have
reported to the Governor as well as the defects of this vessel.
Without a new upper deck fore and aft she will be unfit for the
summer's service ; but I find that neither he nor any other persons
have any instructions in the matter, and I receive little encourage-
ment from him or from the country. I have moved for a survey,
but cannot receive any answer. I have given my warrant to the
purser for 224 days' provisions, who has obtained credit from
Mr. Jahleel Brenton. I have now laid up the ship for the winter.
Signed. Robt. Fairfax. ~Lp. Copy of the foregoing. 1 p. Endorsed.
Reed. 15 Jan., 1693-4. [Board 'of Trade. 'New England, 6.
Nos. 22, 23.]

42. Captain Fairfax, R.N., to Mr. Sotherne. I have before
now hinted to you concerning my uneasiness in this station. It is
known by every gentleman here that no one commanding one of
the King's ships was ever used with common civility, but on the
contrary basely abused. I have endeavoured to comply with the
humours of those in authority here so far as becomes a gentleman,
but find that nothing that bears the name shall be so treated. I
wish that I could serve the King elsewhere, for I am sensible that
I lie much out of the way of promotion, and beg your favour to
obtain my removal from this station. Signed. Robt. Fairfax.
Copy. 1 p. Endorsed. Reed. 15 Jan., 1693-4. [Board of Trade.
New England, 6. No. 24.]

43. John Dottin to John Ive. I found Mr. John Nelson at
Brest on a man of war, bound for Rochefort. I came with him
from Quebec in Canada having suffered eight months' imprison-
ment. He is kept close prisoner and will be until the end of the war
unless solicitation be made for him. The French say that if he
should return to England, Quebec and those parts would soon be
lost to them ; and there will be no quietness in America until that
is done. Pray use your interest to procure his release. A French
officer has come back to France in our man-of-war to present to the
King plans of Boston and New York, which they know well. The
Chevalier Deaux is likewise come, having escaped from prison at
Boston, as are also a French protestant who is one of the best pilots
in New England, and other gentlemen, who have been sent home
from Quebec to ask for twelve frigates and 2,000 soldiers. I am
told that this has been granted, that the preparations are well
advanced and that the expedition will sail in March, pick up more
troops at Quebec and attack Boston and New York. If this be so,
those places will be in much danger unless a squadron be sent from
England. Piscataqua is also threatened, also Rhode Island (which
our ships would have attacked but for foul winds), also Peinaquid

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

13

1093.

Jan. 31.

Jan. 31.

Feb. 2.

Feb. 2.

Feb. 2.

Whitehall.

Feb. 2.

Whitehall.

Feb. 2.

Whitehall.

Fort, which is so situated that ships can storm it. It ought to have
been built further up the bay. Signed. John Dottin. Holograph.
2 pp. Endorsed. Reed. 10 Feb., 92-3, from Sir Wm. Warren.
[Board of Trade. New York, 5. A T o. 2.]

44. Minutes of Council of New York. A letter having been
received from Major Ingoldsby at Albany complaining of the rotten-
ness of the stockades, it was agreed to recommend to the Assembly
the building of a stone fort at Albany. Order for audit of Governor
Sloughter's accounts. Committee appointed to consider a method
for regular payment of the Government's debts out of the fund pro-
vided by the Act of Assembly. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV.,
pp. 369, 370 ; and pp. 391, 392.]

45. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for careening of
H.M.S. Guernsey, and for martial law to cease to-morrow. Order
for sale of an unseaworthy ship, for appointment of additional
justices for St. Andrew's parish, and for prosecution of several
persons by the Attorney General. [Board, of Trade. Jamaica, 77.
pp. 239, 240.]

46. Minutes of Council of New York. Petitions considered.
Order for payment to the Governor of i'130, being the expenses of his
own and his family's passage from England. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol.
LXXV., p. 370 ; and p. 392.]

47. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Proclamation for
a day of thanksgiving approved. Report on John Usher's accounts
referred for further consideration. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV.,
pp. 216-217.]

48. The King to Sir William Phips. We have fitted out a
squadron of twelve ships with 1,000 good soldiers on board and
directed it to sail from the West Indies so as to reach New England
by the end of May or middle of June at latest. There they will
refit, and take with them such reinforcement of men and ships
as New England shall appoint, sufficient to attack the French with
success in Canada. You will therefore urge the Assembly of
Massachusetts to have all things ready, for if the present opportunity
be lost through delay, it may never come again. We have also sent
Thomas Cox to explain to you our further intentions ; and you will
consult with Governor Fletcher as to the measures most desirable
to be taken. Countersigned. Nottingham. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXIL, pp. 454-458.] '

49. Order of the King in Council. That copy of the petition
of Elizabeth Salenave be sent to Governor Codrington, with instruc-
tions that, if her statements be found true, he shall give orders for
the confirmation of her inheritance and the restoration of her goods
to her. [Board of Trade. Leeward Islands, 44. pp. 115, 116.]

50. Order of the King in Council. For a commission and instruc-
tions to be prepared for Captain John Goddard as Governor of
Bermuda. Signed. John Nicholas. \ p. [Board of Trade.
Bermuda, 2. No. 8; and 28, p. 46.]

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.
Feb. 4.

Bermuda.

Feb. 4.

Bermuda.

51. Governor Richier to Lords of Trade and Plantations. The
mortal fever which destroyed so many in the West Indies got among
us in June last, killing in three months 767 persons, white and
black, of whom 127 only were slaves. There remain but 610 fit to
bear arms, and all the Council are dead except Richard Peniston,
William Pitt, Thomas Foster, Samuel Trott and Charles Walker.
The mortality has not begotten a better disposition in the remaining
inhabitants to obedience and loyalty. I am forced to suffer many
affronts to the King's rights and authority lest by failing to
punish the offenders the King's power should be absolutely
despised. An oath is of no account here, except so far as it serves
the interest of the swearer. I have not the means to encourage by
rewards, nor can I possibly punish offenders, for I know but of two,
the sheriff being one, who have inclination and courage enough to
serve the King. I should not trouble you about so small a place
except that its importance requires a better settlement of the
Government than I can yet effect. I beg you to call attention to my
former representations as to its defencelessness and its unprofitable-
ness in its present state. These Islands lie almost in the middle of
the King's dominions in America, so many ships to and from the
Colonies pass by Bermuda, as also ships bound for Jamaica and
Southward to England. Virginia ships also pass close by in going
to and from England. All knowing merchants and mariners who put
in here conclude that if Bermuda were in an enemy's hand the
American trade would be in great measure destroyed in time of war.
The shelves and rocks are our chief defence. Of our 610 men few
could make use of their arms on occasion. The forts are
but slenderly guarded and may easily be surprised ; and if
the castle and the harbour which it commands were taken,
the whole country would fall an easy prey to the enemy. One
company of soldiers could defend the castle and the opposite fort,
and guard the magazine in the town against surprise. But more
strength is needed to prevent an enemy from landing, which can be
done in boats in several places. Soldiers in the King's pay would
obey commands and set an example to the inhabitants, who seeing
the King's regard for them would recognise to whom their duty and
allegiance is due. If you think it not worth while to send a company
to defend the Islands, there can be little profit from them owing to
the increasing sterility of the soil and the epidemic idleness of the
inhabitants. The only produce of profit to the King's revenue is
tobacco, and this year there is not enough to load a vessel of thirty
tons. I have filled up the vacancies in the Council by appointing
Henry Fifield, Thomas Walmsley, William Outerbridge, Patrick
Downing and Thomas Harford, as the men most fitting from
character and estate. Signed. I. Richier. 1J pp. Endorsed.
Reed. 19 Aug., 1693. [Board of Trade. Bermuda, 2. No. 9;
and 21. pp. 88-91.]

52. Governor Richier to the Earl of Nottingham. I enclose copy
of a letter that I have written to the Lords of Trade and Plantations
from whom I have received no commands since my arrival. I beg
you not to let the government of these Islands be subject to the
directing of a fanatic scrivener. If you think them of sufficient

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

15

1693.

Feb. 6.

Feb. 6.

Feb. 7.

Feb. 7.

Feb. 7.

Feb. 8.

Barbados.

Feb. 8.

Barbados.

importance I hope that you will send forces sufficient for their
defence. Signal. I. Richier. Holograph. 1 p. [America and
West Indies. ' 477. No. 49.]

53. Instrument of the Lords Proprietors of Carolina conveying
the right of granting land in Carolina to Governor Philip Ludwell,
or in case of his death or absence to James Colletoii, or in case of
Colleton's death or absence to Thomas Smith, or in case of Smith's
death or absence to Paul Grimball. Signed. Craven, Ashley, John
Archdale for Thomas Archdale, Tho. Amy, P. Colleton. Form of
indenture for grants of land. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XXII.,
pp. 210-213.]

54. Rules and instructions for granting land in Carolina.
Two counties, Craven County and Berkeley County, have been laid
out in blocks of 12,000 acres. Five hundred acres are to be set
apart on any navigable river for a town, the site to be as high up
the river as the biggest ship can reach. The squares containing
this 500 acres is to be called a Colony, and two squares backward
from the river, with the two squares behind them, making six squares
in all, are to be a precinct, within which, and within the three
squares on the opposite side of the river, proprietors may have
not more than 800 acres, and other dignitaries from 200 to 600
acres. Ferries are to be established. Any of the squares chosen
by a proprietor shall be a seignory. Holders of 6,000 acres and
upwards may have river-frontage equal to the depth of their
blocks, holders of less than 6,000 acres are to have river-frontage
in different proportions. Fifty acres may be granted for each white
servant imported. Here follow forms of grant and indenture.
Signed as the preceding. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XXII., 2>P- 213-219.]

55. Petition of Joshua van Belle to the Lord President.
Petitioner has a suit to avoid paying insurance of the ship
St. Jago de la Victoria, and desires to have a copy of the memorial
of the Governor and Council of Jamaica, reversing the con-
demnation of the ship. 1 p. In the margin. Order of Lord
President Carmarthen to the Clerk of Council to supply copy of the
memorial. Signed. Carmarthen, P. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7.
A T o. 2.]

56. Commission to Thomos Povey to be Clerk of the Naval
Office of Jamaica. Countersigned. Nottingham. [Board of Trade.
Jamaica, 53. pp. 137, 138.]

57. Minutes of Coucil of Barbados. Order for a day of general
thanksgiving for restoration of the healthiness of the Island. A
special despatch vessel hired for i'250 to carry letters to England
and back. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XII., pp. 398-400.]

58. Proclamation for a day of thanksgiving for deliverance of
the Island from the late contagious sickness. Copy. % p.
Endorsed. Reed. 25 March, 1693. [Board of Trade. Barbados, 5.
No. 1.]

59. The Attorney General of Barbados to the Attorney
General of England. By Governor Kendall's order I have sent you
a' very exact account of Colonel Hallett's case both in the Court of

16 COLONIAL PAPEES.

1693.

Exchequer and the Court of Errors here, from which he has
appealed to their Majesties in Council. In this business we have
used the common methods of this place, which we endeavour to
bring as near to those of England as the constitution of the place
and people will admit, and I am witness that this cause has been
carried on with all the gentleness imaginable. If it should be
alleged by any of Colonel Hallett's friends that the forfeiture much
exceeds the offence, then I say that Hallett has only himself to
blame, by putting himself beyond the reach of mercy through his
resolute defence and justification of his crimes. He was advised by
his friends to take another course, but he thought fit to do
otherwise. The money is now paid to the King's Receiver and
becomes part of the revenue, so that we have done with Colonel
Hallett here, and doubt not that our action will be approved in
England. His Excellency desires you to attend the case in Council
and to take all measures to secure confirmation of the judgment.
Signed. Ro. Hooper. 1J pp. [Board of Trade. Barbados, 5.
No. 2.]

Feb. 8. 60. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Draft Com-
mission for Lieutenant-Governor Goddard considered, and, with
omission of the clauses as to the powers of Admiralty, approved.
Governor Richier's request for stores ordered to be sent to the Board
of Ordnance.

Governor Fletcher's letter reporting his arrival and an address
from the Council and Assembly of New- York read. Order for the
Attorney-General to examine the Charter of Connecticut and the
grants of New 7 Jersey to ascertain the powers of government reserved
to the King therein. Agreed to recommend that a first rate frigate
be despatched for defence of New York and that the arrears of the
two foot companies there be paid. [Board of Trade. Journal, 7.
pp. 161-165.]

Feb. 8. 61. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. That a list
of the stores of war needed for Bermuda be sent to Sir H. Goodrick,
Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance, with a request for a list of the
stores of war sent to Bermuda in 1689 and for his opinion as to
the furnishing of the stores now asked for. [Board of Trade.
Bermuda, 28. p. 84.]

Feb. 8. 62. William Blathwayt to the Attorney General. Asking him to
examine the Charter of Connecticut, and the grants of New Jersey,
East and West, and report as to the King's powers therein. p.
[Board of Trade. New York, 5. No. 3 ; and 48. p. 10.]

Feb. 8. 63. Minutes of General Assembly of Massachusetts. The
Representatives reported the choice of Nehemiah Jewett as
temporary Speaker. The Governor recommended to the Repre-
sentatives to supply money for payment of soldiers and for other
emergencies. John Usher attended with his accounts.

Feb. 9. Bill for regulation of cornfields, cattle and fences read and
debated. Order for the clearing of Jeremiah Toy's ship.

Feb. 10. Bill for regulation of cornfields again debated. Conference
with the Representatives as to a supply of money.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

17

1693.
Feb. 11.

Feb. 9.

Whitehall.

Feb. 9.

Feb. 9.

Feb. 9.

Whitehall.

Feb. 9.

Whitehall.

Feb. 9.

Feb. 10.

Bill to encourage the killing of wolves read and debated. Daniel
Wilcox and Henry Head brought before Council for high mis-
demeanours and committed to custody. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXIL, pp. 375-377.]

64. Order of the King in Council. Approving the draft
Commission prepared for Captain John Goddard to be Governor of
Jamaica. Signed. John Nicholas. [Board of Trade. Bermuda, 28.
pp. 49, 50.]

65. Sir H. Goodrick to John Povey. I cannot attend the
Council to-day, my health being worse; but the stores from Bermuda
are undoubtedly needed and, excepting the powder, are of small
importance. [Board of Trade. Bermuda, 28. p. 85.]

66. Order of the King in Council. That the Officers of
Ordnance shall despatch stores of ammunition [list (jiceti] to
Bermuda. [Board of Trade. Bermuda, 28. pp. 85, 86.]'

67. Order of the King in Council. Referring to Lords of
Trade and Plantations a petition of Lord Baltimore, praying for the
King's positive orders to Governor Copley to receive the port duties
or anchorage money as formerly, according to the royal orders
already issued on that behalf. Copy: 1 p. [America and West
Indies. 556. No. 15.]

68. Order of the King in Council. Referring the petition of
Richard and Killian Van Rensselaer to Lords of Trade and
Plantation for report. Sic/ned. John Nicholas. \ p. Annexed,

68. i. Petition of Richard and Killian Van Rensselaer to the
King. For orders to be given to Governor Fletcher to
restore them to possession of Rensselaerswyck. Copy.

68. ii. Warrant of James, Duke of York. For the issue of patents
from the New York Government to the petitioners for
Rensselaerswyck. Copy. 1^ p. The whole endorsed.
Reed, same day. [Board oj Trade. New York, 5. Nos.
4, 4 i., n. ; and (order only] 48, p. 191.]

69. Minutes of Council of New York. Report of the audit of
Peter Delanoy's accounts read and approved. Committee appointed
to report on the address of the Mayor and Corporation of New
York for confirmation of their charter and for additional privileges.
Orders for sundry payments.

Captain Clarke having returned from Boston, the letters of Sir W.
Phips and Gouverneur, as well as Captain Clarke's own narrative
were read. Captain Clarke further reported that Gouverneur and
Sir W. Phips were certainly together and that Gouverneur was
expected to go to England shortly, to represent the party of mal-
contents,' by Sir W. Phips's encouragement. The Council desired to
address their Majesties on the subject and appointed members to
draw up an address. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 370-372 ;
and pp. 382-394.]

8060

18 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

Feb. 10. 70. Governor Kendall to [the Lord President]. After the
Barbados. g rac ious assurances which I received on the 1st of September that we
might expect a strong squadron of ships with a considerable .strength
of land-forces in the following October, and now that we are come to
the 10th of February without news of them and without the arrival
of a single ship from Europe for four months you will believe that
I cannot easily guess the cause of this unfortunate disappointment.
The most rational conjecture I can make is that the dreadful news
brought to England by the ships that sailed some time ago, has
frightened all mankind away from us. It is a sad but real truth that
I have now lived almost three years in the region of death, and that
two thirds of those that have arrived, together with one half of the
inhabitants, have since my being here paid their tribute to the
Sovereign Prince of Terrors. But since it has pleased Almighty
God to stay His afflicting hand and we haVe" true reason to turn our
humiliations into a day of thanksgiving I thought it would be
well to send an express with the news that this Island is in a
perfect state of health and in a very flourishing condition. The late
distemper has been severely fatal to the regiments raised for an
expedition against the French, having swept away Sir Timothy
Thornhill, Lieut. Col. Read, besides inferior officers and no inconsider-
able number of soldiers. I have repaired the breaches as well as I
could, and the men that remain are good and very well disciplined.
The raising and keeping of these men, together with the transport-
ships, which have been taken up ever since October, has been a
very great charge to this country ; but what seems to be most
grievous to the inhabitants is the thought of parting with any of
their men for this intended expedition, considering the late
mortality and the apprehension of what the slaves may attempt in
their absence. Being satisfied that these are no idle fears I have
thought it my duty to lay the case before you. The loss of
Sir Timothy Thornhill is not only a great misfortune to
this Island but to all English subjects in the West Indies, he
being a brave and active gentleman. He died extremely in debt
and lias left his lady, with whom he had a considerable fortune, in
a lamentable condition. If the King would bestow the 1,000
presented to Sir Timothy by this Island, on his widow, it would be a
great charity and a prince-like consideration of her husband's merits.
Though the French are much stronger than we are at sea, yet with
the Diamond, frigate, and the Wild, prize, I have protected all our
merchant ships and our commerce with North America. We have
lost only two sloops, which were foolhardy enough to sail without
convoy. I have laid out about i'1,000 on keeping the two ships in
repair, for which I have drawn bills in England. The Norwich,
stationed at the Leeward Islands, was blown away from her anchors
at St. Christophers seventeen weeks ago, and as she has never been
heard of since we fear the worst for her. The bearer is under con-
tract to wait twenty days for your orders before he returns. Signed.
J. Kendall. Holograph. 2 pp. Endorsed. B. 27 March, '93.

Duplicate of the foregoing, dated 13 Feb. Unsigned. [America
and West Indies, 456. Nos. 41, 42.]

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 19

1693.

Feb. 10. 71. Governor Kendall to the Lords of Trade and Plantations.
A transcript of the foregoing letter of same date, as far as the
account of the loss of H.M.S. Norwich, from which point the letter
proceeds as follows: Having since Colonel Stede's departure for
England taken upon me the receipt of the casual revenue, I think it
my duty to give you the following account of Colonel Hallett.
Though bound over to take his trial next Grand Sessions and mean-
while to be of good behaviour, he had nevertheless the insolence
to beat and wound one of my servants, without any provocation,
before the meeting of the Sessions. His recognizances were there-
fore estreated in the Court of Exchequer, but he made an appeal in
error to myself in Council, having hopes of better success, since his
brother-in-law and son-in-law are both of the Council. Nevertheless
he lost his case, but being still dissatisfied he petitioned to me for
leave to appeal to their Majesties in Council, which I granted on his
depositing i'2,000, as I am directed in my instructions. I beg you
to recommend this case to the Attorney-General, whose care therein
will do a great deal of right to the royal affairs here and will dis-
courage such litigious persons in future. Hallett has an ill opinion
of his cause, for he had the impudence to offer me 300 to favour
his case in the Council. It was with difficulty, I fear, that I
mastered my feelings. Signed. J. Kendall. 2 pp. Endorsed.
Reed. 24 March. Read 1 May, '93. [Board of Trade. Barbados, 5.
No. 3; and Col. Entry Bk., Vol. VIII., pp. 331-335.]

Feb. 10. 72. Abstract of the foregoing letter. 1 J pp. [Board of Trade.
Barbados, 5. No. 4.]

Feb. 10. 73. Statement of the case of John Hallett by himself. Setting
forth that his original quarrel with the Governor arose from his
unwillingness to give up his land for the fortifications without
compensation, that the Governor's resolution to bind him over to take
his trial was sudden and unwarranted, and that the assault, for which
his recognizances were estreated, was in defence of a woman at
his house against a drunken fellow. The whole . 7 pp. Copy.
[Board of Trade. Barbados, 5. No. 5.]

Feb. 10. 74. Certificate of the boatswain and carpenter of H.M.S.
Nonsuch, that Captain Short refused to sign their expense of stores
unless they first certified that the ship was endangered by riding
at Pemaquid, and that if they ever signed anything to that effect it
was in ignorance. Copy. 1 p. [Board of Trade. New England, 6.
No. 25.]

Feb. 11. 75. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. The Report
of the Solicitor General on the Charter of Connecticut and grant of
New Jersey read. Resolved to send a circular to the Colonies
bidding them give assistance to New York when called upon ; and
other orders given.

Sir Thomas Laurence's petition read, and orders given for the
Acts respecting his office to be examined, and for himself to be
admitted to his office on giving the usual security. Address of the
Council of Maryland as to the suspension of Mr. Frisby read, and
copy ordered to be sent to Mr. Frisby.

20 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

Petition of William Talbot, for the post of Escheator of the Lee-
ward Islands, read and rejected. [Board of Trade. Journal, 7.
pp. 165-167.]

Feb. 11. 76. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. To recommend
that letters he sent to Connecticut and Pihode Island bidding them
give help to New York if required ; that a Commission be given to
the Governor of New York to command the Militia of Connecticut,
and that Joseph Dudley and William Pinhorne be removed from the
Council unless they reside within the province of New York. [Board
of Trade. New York, 48. p. 12.]

Feb. 11. 77. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. To-morrow
the letters may be sent to Connecticut and Rhode Island, as to
the other Colonies in North America, ordering them to assist New
York. [Col. Entry Bk\, Vol. LXIL, p. 420?]

Feb. 13. 78. The Solicitor General to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
As to Connecticut and East and West Jersey I am of opinion that
in virtue of prerogative and sovereignty the King may appoint
Governors with such powers to raise men and furnish provisions for
the necessary defence of subjects or of neighbour Colonies as he
may think fit. I conceive that the proprietor of New York may
assign his propriety in New Jersey (which is part of New York) to
others, but cannot thereby sever New Jersey from New York so as
to cease to be a part thereof, dependent on the government thereof
and liable to contribute men and provisions for its defence. Signed.
Tho. Trevor. 1 J pp. [Board of Trade. New York 5, No. 5 ; and
48, p. 11.]

Feb. 13. 79. Thomas Dobbins to the Lords of the Admiralty. The
H.M.S. Governor has suspended Captain Short, and put me in command in

^Boston' kis place. I am the person who carried the King ashore from his
barge at Torbay, and obtained a warrant as gunner of the Nonsuch.
Both officers and men seem very well satisfied at Captain Short's
removal, as he was constantly confining his officers and beating and
tyrannising over his men, so much so that the officers threatened to
lay down their warrants and the men to desert. He is of so morose
a temper that in his drunkenness he has grossly abused many loyal
subjects. Signed. Thomas Dobbins, late gunner. 1 p. Endorsed.
Reed. 15 Jan., 1693-4. [Board of Trade. New England, 6.
No. 26.]

Feb. 13. 80. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for pressing two
vessels for heaving down H.M.S. Guernsey. Two persons sum-
moned to appear before next Council. Order for two English
prisoners to be claimed from Petit Guavos. [Board of Trade.
Jamaica, 77. p. 240.]

Feb. 13. 81. Extract from Minutes of Council of New York. Setting
forth that in the Council's opinion Massachusetts has no right to
Martin's Vineyard. Copy. 2 pp.

Duplicate of the above. 1 p. [America and West Indies. 579.
Nos. 25, 26.]

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 21

1693.

Feb. 13. 82. Minutes of Council of New York. Letter from Major
Igoldsby read reporting the arrival of 350 French and 200 Indians
within twelve leagues of Senectady. Resolved to despatch 300 men
from the City Regiment and others adjacent by water to Kingston,
to order Colonel Beckman to secure all the horses in Ulster to
carry the detachment to Albany, and to apprise Major Ingoldsby at
once that reinforcements are on the way and that the Governor
will accompany them. The Governor laid a letter from Sir William
Phips and a printed copy of the New England charter before the
Council, and asked for their opinion as to Martin's Vineyard.

Feb. 14. The Governor announced the receipt of a second letter from
Major Ingoldsby, confirming his former report that the French and
Indians had taken the first and second castles of the Macpaas, and
remained there in despair of being able to get back, the ice being
broken up on the rivers. The Governor announced his intention of
going to Albany, and Colonel Bayard's offer to go with him was
accepted. Order for sloops to be prepared immediately, and for
certain money payments in connection with the journey.

Feb. 15. Ordered that a letter be sent to the neighbouring Colonies to
report the news of yesterday, to announce that the Governor had
already embarked with 200 men for Albany leaving 150 men to
follow to-day, and to appeal to them to contribute something-to the
expenses. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 372-374; and
pp. 394-397.]

Feb. 13. 83. Minutes of General Assembly of Massachusetts. Bill for
explaining and altering several Acts passed last Session, read.

Feb. 14. Bills to encourage the killing of wolves, for the regulation of sea-
men, and for registering births and deaths, read.

Feb. 15. Bill for registration of births and deaths, and for altering certain
Acts of last Session, read. John Usher's accounts sent to the
Secretary's office to be copied.

Feb. 16. Bill for explaining and altering former Acts again read and
debated. Bills to grant 100 to Increase Mather and to abate
eighteenpence in the pound to such as shall forthwith pay the full
of their assessments, read.

Feb. 17. Bills for registering births and deaths, and for altering former
Acts, read and passed.

Feb. 18. Bill for continuing several duties of impost and excise, read and
passed. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV., pp. 377-379.]

Feb. 14. 84. Governor Fletcher to [William Blathwayt] . The papers
New York, that I enclose will, I fear, take more time than you can spare for
perusal. They will shew you that I have a very ill neighbour.
While I am labouring to heal the wounds caused by the outrages of
Leisler, Sir William Phips has been acting as the attested copies of
documents herewith sent will shew. These papers shew his princi-
ples. He has also seized Martin's Vineyard, which has always been
part of this Government and is named neither in the Charter of
Massachusetts nor in his Commission. All the people there hold
their lands under the seal of this province and have contributed to our
charge for the defence of Albany. Yet I must not levy war against
him, though provoked by his unmannerly letter to meet him there;

22 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

I could cheerfully do so, but hope to see him when we may do so
without prejudice to the King's service. I must ask for your favour
not only to this province at large but for the two companies here,
which are under great discouragement. Four would be too few to
answer the service. There are no returns of money since uiy
coming. ,1,120 is put down to Colonel Sloughter of which I can
get no account ; and men grow old and. die here as fast as in
Europe. I think that it would be well to send two companies
more while the war lasts, or at any rate recruits to make the
present companies up to 200 men. I find the Council here men of
the best parts, quality and estate in the province. I cannot name
six to fill vacancies, as my instructions bid me. Sir William Phips
calls them King James's Council, but I find them all zealous for
their Majesties' service and ready on all occasions to advance money
from their private purses for the same. ~Colonel Van Cortlandt
and Mr. Brooke have lately shown their regard for you in
a debate in Council. I had no account of that matter until
Mr. Brooke told me that it had formerly been contested. I ordered
the debate to be renewed, and spoke my sentiments. It is utterly
impossible for this poor decayed province to defend itself without
help from our neighbours. Our trade is quite lost and our charge
very great. The neighbouring Colonies acknowledge no Government
from the Crown but harbour our deserters and rob us of our trade
by imposing no duties and ignoring the Acts of Trade and Naviga-
tion. I shall not say a word of that jargon in New England nor of
that machine their Governor, but shall beg you to read the enclosed
papers. An express is just come from Albany saying that the
French and Indians are marching on Senectady, which calls me to
attend that service. It is a curse on these occasions to attend wind
and water, but we cannot march by land. Mr. Graham is a
very useful man, and deserves some mark of the Royal favour.
Connecticut would add more strength to us than the Jerseys and
and Pennsylvania. Signed. Ben. Fletcher. 2J pp. Endorsed.
Reed. 3 June, 1693. Duplicate. [Board of Trade. New York, 5.
No. 6 ; and 48. pp. 21, 22 ; abstracted ibid. pp. 46, 47.]

[Feb. 14.] 85. Enclosures forwarded with the foregoing letter.

85. i. Copy of Governor Fletcher's letter of 6 January, to

Sir William Phips. (See No. 40 1.) I p. Endorsed, Reed.

19 July, 1693.
85. n. Copy of Abraham Gouverneur's letter of 12 Oct. 1692.

Dutch.
85. in. Copy of Abraham Gouverneur's letter to Governor

Fletcher of 20 Jan. 1693. (See No. 27.) Endorsed as the

preceding.
85. iv. Copy of Sir W. Phips's letter to Governor Fletcher of

27 January, 1693. (See No. 40 in.) 1J pp. Endorsed as

the preceding.
85. v., vi. Copy of Captain Clarke's narrative of his mission to

Boston. (See No. 40 1.) 5 pp. Endorsed as No. i. A

second copy. 3 pp.
85. vii. A third copy with copies of enclosures, Nos. i. and n.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 23

1693.

85. viii., ix. Minute of the Council of New York, 15 February
1(>93. Having read a letter from Sir W. Phips of 2nd
January and the Charter of Massachusetts, we are of
opinion that Massachusetts has no claim to Martin's Vine-
yard nor to any other Island to westward of Nantucket.
Copy. 1^ pp. Endorsed as the preceding.

Copy of the above. 1 p. [Board of Trade. New York, 5.
Xos. 6 i. -viii.]

Feb. 14. 86. Governor Fletcher to the Earl of Nottingham. I gave
New York. you ail account of my arrival. Three weeks later I went up to the
frontiers and put them in such a posture that nothing but
cowardice, laziness or sleep itself can expose those places to the
enemy. At my return the Assembly met and was cheerful beyond
their ability in raising money for the public defence. My great
business was to accommodate the differences occasioned by the
arbitrary violence of Leisler. All things seemed to be calm
beyond my hopes. Those who had renounced the Church and
sacraments repaired cheerfully to both, and nothing of the former
heat and rancour appeared, until suddenly all was in a flame again
owing to a letter written by one of the condemned men who was
released by the Queen's order. This man as soon as he was at
liberty repaired to Boston and became the favourite of Sir William
Phips. He quotes the following words from Sir William Phips,
"Your counsel in England is chosen Parliament-man and your
cause will then be sufficiently inspected, and there will be satisfac-
tion for estates and I hope for blood too. For if what Governor
Leisler and you did was ill, how do their Majesties sit on the
throne?" I have sent the correspondence on the subject to Mr.
Blathwayt, from which you will see that these men, having tasted
the royal mercy, are now blown up to an expectation of revenge and
reward by Sir William Phips, just at a time when all seemed satis-
fied with the mildness of the Government. Such of the party as
were capable of it had been put into the commissions of the peace
and militia. Sir William Phips has also violently seized on a part
of this Government called Martin's Vineyard, whereby he has
obtained the supplies that they were sending up to us for the
common defence, and which we greatly need. It is very evident to
me that this single Colony cannot support the present charge, while
the neighbouring Colonies, under no Government or expense,
harbour all who desert from us to avoid the burthen. Some of the
best people of Connecticut have written to me desiring to become
members of this province ; and the joining of it to New York would
be a greater advantage than the Jerseys and Pennsylvania could
bring. The Council here, whom Sir W. Phips endeavours to
criminate as attached to King James, are zealous for their Majesties'
service, the ablest men in parts and estates in the province,
and always ready to advance money for the public good. Those
who constantly attend are three Englishmen, three Dutchmen and
a Frenchman. Signed. Ben. Fletcher. Holograph. 3 pp.
Endorsed. R. July 18, '93.

24

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

Duplicate of the foregoing.

Nos. 27, 28.]

America and West Indies. 579.

Feb. 14. 87. Report of the defects of H.M.S. Conception. Estimated
Boston. cost of making them good, 400. 1 p. Copy. {Board of Trade.
New England, 6. No. 27.]

Feb. 15. 88. Governor Sir William Phips to the Earl of Nottingham.
Boston. I have been obliged to suspend Captain Richard Short from the
command of H.M.S. Nonsuch and have appointed Thomas Dobbins,
late gunner of the said ship, in his room. I did not appoint the
lieutenant, according to custom, as I thought him unfit for the
station ; for when in sight of two Dutch men-of-war, which we met
in the Channel on our voyage out from England, he pressed the
captain to bear away and run his ship ashore to save their lives,
fearing that they were French ships. Captain Dobbins is the most
fit man in the ship for the command, being a sober and diligent
office. He is the same person that carried the King from the barge
to the shore, when he arrived at Torbay ; and it was the King's
commendation of him that gained him a warrant for being gunner.
I was sorry to be obliged to make this alteration, but the fault was
Captain Short's. First, before going on shore after my arrival here,
I told Captain Short to be particularly careful to keep his men on
board, as they would be wanted for immediate service ; but he would
not, and so lost great numbers by desertion. Then when I gave
him my written order to cruise he could not obey it for want of men,
whereupon he pressed men ashore without my warrant, which he
might have had if he had desired it, and in pressing used such
violence as greatly to disturb the country, for he beat and abused
two Assemblymen, as enclosed depositions will prove. Secondly,
in September, 1692, I went to Pemaquid in a sloop kept in pay by
this country, and left orders to Captain Short to follow me
immediately ; instead of which he delayed starting for four or ftve
days and then stopped at Piscataqua on the way, whereby I lost the
opportunity of surprising several French and Indians in
some small islands near Pemaquid, and after waiting several
days longer than I had intended I was forced to return to
Boston. Nor, though the wind was favourable, did Captain
Short appear until some days after my departure. Thirdly, soon
after I reached Boston I received a report, which seemed likely to
be true, that three French men-of-war were arrived on the coast. I
sent written orders to Captains Short and Fairfax of H.M. ships
Nonsuch and Conception, then lying at Pemaquid, to be in readiness,
and directed them positively to fight the French ships if they met
them, and otherwise not to leave the harbour but to stay and secure
the fort. Notwithstanding this they both came to Boston, deserting
the fort, which being unfinished to seaward would have been taken
if attacked. They pretended that they were in want of provisions,
but if so it was through their own fault, for I told them to send
their pursers if they wanted any ; but they did not send them be-
cause they needed the pretence. Fourthly, the officers of the Non-
such tell me that Captain Short has, in his drunken humours and at
other times, been very wasteful of the King's stores ; that he has

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 25

1693.

beaten and confined some of the officers and abused them all, with-
out reason ; and that he has driven many men to desertion by his
cruelty. Fifthly, in November last, I sent Captain Short my written
order to go to Pemaquid, but he desired that the ship might be laid
on shore at Boston, and voluntarily offered to supply a sloop with
men, ammunition, and provisions to ply between Boston and
Pemaquid during the winter as necessity might require. I con-
sented ; but, after I had ordered the ship to be laid up, on the second
time when there was occasion to send to Pemaquid, Captain Short
refused to send his men, though at the same time he suffered many
of them to go to other quarters in merchant-ships, taking a reward
of ^20 a man out of their wages. I checked him, and threatened
to deal with him according to his deserts, but he disdained to bear
any reproof, gave me provoking language in public before several
persons, and drawing near me shook his cane at me. This insolence
provoked me to strike him a smart blow, which lit on the brim of
his hat and on his shoulder, which I designed to warn him to keep
his distance. Immediately he returned the blow and continued
striking my head and body with his cane until I threw him on the
ground. He rose, twice laid his hand on his sword, and then again
assaulted me with his cane until I made him incapable of striking
any more. He was free from drink, but he had the night before
used threats against me. I suspended him the same day, and have
sent him home. I have shewn all manner of respect to the King's
captains and have tried to make their station easy and comfortable
to them, but they have taken advantage of this to intrude upon my
patience and take counsel with my enemies. I shall pass by in
silence what only concerns myself, but so long as I am in my
present station I cannot overlook neglect of duty. Signed.
Win. Phips. 8 pp. Endorsed. Reed. 24 May, 1693. Enclosed,
88. i. The Warrant officers of H.M.S. Nonsuch to the Lords of
the Admiralty. Boston. 20 February, 1693. Captain
Short has been suspended by Governor Sir William Phips,
for misbehaviour. Our duty obliges us to give you the
following further information. Captain Short is given to
drunken habits, which makes him tyrannical both afloat
and ashore. He has imprisoned most of his officers and
driven many men to desertion by his cruelty, insomuch
that we had determined to lay down our warrants rather
than continue in such bondage. The Governor, however,
has suspended him and appointed Thomas Dobbins in his
stead, whom we hope you will confirm. Signed by the
master, boatswain, purser, cook and gunner. Copy. 1 p.
Endorsed. R. May 24, '93.

88. ii. Deposition of Captain John March and another, as to Cap-
tain Short's assault on Sir William Phips. 1 p. Endorsed
as the preceding. [America and West Indies. 561. Nos.
19, 19 1., n.]

89. Duplicate of the letter and enclosures given in preceding
abstract. [America and West Indies. 561. Nos. 20, 20 1., n.j

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.
Feb. 15.

[Feb.]

Feb. 16.

Feb. 16.

Whitehall.

Feb. 16.

Whitehall.

Feb. 16.

Whitehall.

Feb. 16.

Feb. 16.

Feb. 16.

Feb. 16.

H.M.S.

Nonsuch,
Boston.

90. Affidavit of Echvyn Stede. As to the good service of
Sir Timothy Thornhill at St. Christopher's, St. Eustatia and else-
where during Governor Codrington's operations, and the expense to
which Sir Timothy was subjected thereby. Signed. Edwyn Stede.
1% pp. [Board of Trade. Barbados, 5. No. 6.]

91. Statement of the case of Sir Timothy Thornhill, in con-
traversion of the objections raised by Sir Peter Colleton and
Sir Robert Davers against the confirmation of the Act of Barbados
to grant Sir Timothy 1,000. 4^ pp. [Board of Trade.
Barbados, 5. No. 7.]

92. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Business of
New York further considered. Agreed to recommend that 500
from the quit-rents of Virginia and 200 from the revenue of Mary-
land be sent to New York.

The Solicitor General's report on the petition of Lord Baltimore
and the representation of the Assembly of Maryland read. Agreed
that it be laid before the King. The petition of the Assembly for
the impost money of the 25 ships that left in 1690 to be paid
to Colonel Copley, laid aside, as the money is already disposed of
by the Treasury. [Board of Trade. Journal, 7. p. 168.]

93. Order of the King in Council. That letters be prepared
to the Governments of Connecticut and Rhode Island ordering them
to give assistance to New York. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LAY/.,
pp. 420-421.]

94. Order of the King in Council. For 200 to be paid from
the quit-rents of Virginia, and 250 from the public revenue of
Maryland towards the defence of New York. [America and West
Indies. 556. No. 16.]

95. Order of the Privy Council. That letters be prepared to
the Governors of Connecticut and Rhode Island, ordering them to
send men or money for the assistance of New York if required.
[Board of Trade. New York, 48. p. 9.]

96. Order of the Privy Council. For the preparation of a
Commission to the Governor of New York, giving him command
of the Militia of Connecticut. [Board of Trade. New York, 48.
p. 13.]

97. Order of the Privy Council. That 500 shall be contri-
buted by Virginia and 250 by Maryland towards the defence of
the frontier of New York, and that orders be given to the Governors
of these provinces accordingly. [Board of Trade. New York, 48.
pp. 13, 14.]

98. Order of the Privy Council. That Joseph Dudley and
William Pinhorne be removed from the Council of New York, unless
they reside within the Province. [Board of Trade. New York, 48.
p. 16.]

99. The Purser of H.M.S. Nonsuch to Mr. Sotherne. I think
fit to give you some reasons for the suspension of Captain Short.
He is much given to drunkenness, which makes him careless and

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 27

1693.

negligent in his duty and quarrelsome ashore, as was seen at
Dartmouth and Totness, where he set the whole town in an uproar.
When at sea he looked on his officers as slaves, and punished his
men so severely that they deserted by twenty at a time. I beg your
favour to procure the confirmation of Mr. Dobbins. Signed.
Mattw. Gary. 1 p. Endowed. Reed. 15 Jan., 1693-1. [Board of
Trade. New England, 6. A r o. 28.]

Feb. 16. 100. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Address to the
King and Queen, calling attention to the danger from the French,
asking the Crown to assume the cost of garrisoning Pemaquid Fort,
and praying for confirmation of the Acts sent home. Order for
payment of expenses of jurors and witnesses at the late Assize
Court in Essex County.

Order for debentures for discharge of soldiers' wages to be paid
from the rates of the towns.

Order for payment of ,27 to Samuel Wheelwright for support
of garrisons, and for the payment of Councillors' salaries of five
shillings a day, during session of the General Court. [Col.
Entry Bk., Vol. XIV., pp. 217-221.]

Feb. 17. 101. Minutes of Council of New York. Three members offered
to supply provisions for the troops at Albany out of their private
estate, upon the security of the revenue, and Colonel von Cortlandt
was appointed to receive and transport the provisions. Order for
half a hundredweight of powder to be delivered to Colonel Willett.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 374, 375 ; and p. 397.]

Feb. 17. 102. Petition of Luke Lopdell to the Lords of the Treasury.
For release from the security demanded of him to answer for his
ship, which was seized in Virginia for unwitting breach of the
Navigation Acts, i p. Endorsed. Reference of the petition to the
Commissioners of Customs. 17 February, 1692-3. Signed. Hen.
Guy. [America and West Indies. 638. No. 5.]

Feb. 20. 103. Lords of the Treasury to Governor Sir William Phips.
Ordering him to furnish money to the Commissary of Sir F.
Wheler's expedition, if required, to the sum of .5,000, drawing
bills upon the Paymaster General. Signed. Godolphin, Ste. Fox,
R. Hampden, Cha. Montague. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. C., pp. 309-310.]

Feb. 20. 104. Lords of the Treasury to Commissary General Fotherby.
Authorising him to draw bills on the Paymaster General to the
amount of '5,000. Signed as the preceding. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. C., pp. 310-311.]

Feb. 20. 105. Address of the Council of New York to the King and
Queen. Thanking them for the appointment of Governor Fletcher,
and complaining that as soon as he began to compose all differences,
the old troubles were renewed by the countenance given to one of
Leisler's accomplices by Sir William Phips. Signed. Chid. Brooke,
W. Nicolls, Caleb Heathcote, S. van Cortlandt, John Lawrence,
G. Minivelle, Frederyck Flypse. l^ pp. [America and West Indies.
579. No. 29.]

28 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

Feb. 20. 106. The Warrant Officers of II.M.S. Nonsuch to the Lords of
the Admiralty. Already abstracted in A 7 o. 88 1. Cop//. 1 p.
[Board of Trade. New England, 6. No. 29.]

Feb. 20. 107. Governor Sir William Phips to the Earl of Nottingham.
Boston. j have written several letters to Governor Fletcher in the hope of
maintaining a good correspondence, and to avoid disputes as to
Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket 1 have sent him a copy of the
charter. I also wrote to ask him what assistance we might expect
from New York for the expedition against Canada. I find him
averse from both correspondence and concurrence. He has sent me
a messenger (lately the jailor at New York) to tell me that he designed
to go to Martha's Vineyard early in the spring to take over the
government and expects me to meet him there. His messenger was
a herald, for he delivered his message as^i challenge. I sent him
word that disputes which could not be settled by the charter must
be determined by their Majesties, but that meanwhile I should use
the power entrusted to me if he made any such attempt. He also
asked for the delivery of one Abraham Gouverneur as a fugitive
from justice; but on Gouverneur's producing a certificate of his
release by the Queen's order I declined to do so. The true reason is
that he has intercepted a letter of Gouverneur's which contains some
reflections upon him ; and Gouverneur tells me that having met
with threats and hard usage from Governor Fletcher, notwith-
standing the order for his release, he used then hard expressions of
him. I do not approve the letter and have checked Gouverneur for
it, but I do not think it sufficient reason for delivering him up. I
understand that Governor Fletcher has been moved to make these
demands by some enemies of mine that are about him. Signed.
William Phips. 1 p. Endorsed. R, May 24, '93. Duplicate of
the foregoing . [America and West Indies. 561. Nos. 21, 22.]

Feb. 20. 108. Governor Sir William Phips to the Earl of Nottingham.
Boston. The disorders of Rhode Island in civil and military government are
now most evident. They pretend to three miles on this side the
river upon the main, which is a part of Plymouth Colony joined to
Massachusetts, and have improved this pretence to such a height
that they have stirred up the inhabitants of Little Compton, a town
lying next to Rhode Island, to a tumultuous assembling to run a
line for the boundary ; although the boundary has been fixed by
Council in the midst of the river that parts the Island and the main.
When I came among them the people were convinced of their error
and submitted. The ringleaders of the mischief, Daniel Willcocks
and Henry Head, have given bail to answer for their crimes ; their
accomplices are fled. I then went to Rhode Island, caused the
Royal Commission to be publicly read and required obedience to the
royal commands concerning the militia. Had they concurred I had
designed to settle the militia and cause forts to be built for their
defence ; but the Council, though summoned by the Governor, would
not appear. The governor, a Quaker named John Eastney, shewed
all due respect, expressed his resentment of the Council's behaviour,
complained of their disorders in Government and pointed out that
it was only a perverse humour in the Council that made them show

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 29

1693.

such disrespect. He also expressed his earnest desire of having the
Island under this Government, and promised to send me an answer
from the Council as soon as he had consulted it ; but he has not
done so yet, though six weeks have passed since I left that place.
This plainly demonstrates that they desire to continue in their
present disorders, which will doubtless expose them to destruction if
attacked by the enemy ; whereby their Majesties' design of putting
the militia of the other Colonies under the command of the Governor
of Massachusetts will be wholly frustrated. New Hampshire cannot
be supported but by assistance from this province ; and some of the
principal inhabitants at Piscataqua told me that they intended to
petition their Majesties to be joined to us. Signed. William Phips.
1 pp. Endorsed. R. May 24, '93. [America and West Indies.
561. No. 23.]

Feb. 20. 109. Governor Sir William Phips to the Earl of Nottingham.
Boston. i } iave re p 01 -ted m y expulsion of the French and Indians from our
Eastern frontier, with a force of six hundred men. They have not
since appeared in any numbers, and the fort at Pemaquid has
checked further attacks from them. Two ships sent by me to the
Canada River have also burnt several houses there and taken a
ship laden with wine, brandy, and other French goods. The French
in Canada are in great want of provisions, which gives us an
advantage, if their Majesties think fit to order an attack. The men
on board these ships were not pressed, but volunteers. Signed.
William Phips. 1 p. Endorsed. R, May 24, 1693.

Duplicate of the foregoing. 1 p. [America and West Indies.
561. Nos. 24, 25.]

Feb. 20. 110. Governor Sir William Phips to the Earl of Nottingham.
I have ordered the Acts passed since my last transmission to be
sent home for confirmation. I desire to be checked if anything be
amiss. By an Act for granting an assessment a fourth part of
yearly income and ten shillings per poll was to be levied, but the
assessors would not observe the Act, and I was obliged to insist
upon a fresh return, which will bring in 30,000. I found the
Treasury empty on my arrival, and there is little hope of recruiting-
it during the war, but I hope that a way will be found to pay the
expenses of Government. Signed. William Phips. 1,-p. Endorsed.
R. May 24, '93.

Feb. 20. Duplicate of the foregoing. [America and West Indies. 561.
Nog. 26, 27.]

Feb. 21. HI. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Letters to
Mr. Blathwayt and Sir Henry Ashurst approved, and ordered to
be transcribed and signed by the Secretary.

Order for Sir Edmund Andres's accounts to be audited before any
decision is taken as to John Usher's accounts. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXIV., pp. 221-222.]

Feb. 21. 112. Governor Sir William Phips to the Earl of Nottingham.
I have already given you an account of my appointing a Com-
mission to try cases of witchcraft, while I was driving the French

30 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

and Indians from the Eastern parts of the Colony (sec letter of
10 October, 1692). On my return I found people much dissatisfied
at the proceedings of the Court, which had condemned and executed
some twenty persons, some of whom were believed by many to be
innocent. The Court still proceeded in the same method of trial,
which was by the evidence of the afflicted persons who, as soon as
the suspected witches looked at them in Court, instantly fell to the
ground in strange agonies and grievous torment, but when touched
by them on the flesh at once revived. Thereupon they made oath that
the prisoners at the bar did afflict them, and that they saw their shape
or spectre come from their bodies, which put them to such torments.
The judges, on enquiry, told me that they had begun thus, but
had human testimony against such as were condemned, and
undoubted proof of their being witches ; but at length I found
that the devil took upon him the shape of innocent persons, some
of the accused being of unblameable life to my own knowledge.

The Deputy Governor however still persisted rigorously in the
same method until I put an end to the court and stopped the pro-
ceedings, lest many innocent people should perish, pending
instructions from England. When I put an end to the Court there
were at least fifty persons in prison, in great misery by reason of
.the extreme cold and their poverty, most of them having only spectre
evidence against them. Some I released on bail, and consulting with
the judges how to release others I found many of them acknowledge
that their former method was too violent, and that if they could sit
again they would proceed differently. Moreover Mr. Increase Mather
and other divines gave it as their judgment that the devil might
assume the shape of an innocent person, and that the look and touch
of suspected persons was not sufficient proof against them. Accord-
ingly I permitted a special superior Court to sit at Salem on the
3rd January, with the Lieutenant-Governor as chief judge, using
another method. Of fifty-two tried all were cleared but three, and
I was informed by the Attorney- General that there was as good
reason, in his judgment, to clear the three as well as the rest. The
Lieutenant-Governor signed a warrant for the speedy execution of
these three as well as of five more, condemned by the former Court,
but I reprieved them till the King's pleasure should be known.
The Lieutenant-Governor, enraged and filled with passionate anger
on this account, refused to sit on the bench in a superior Court then
holding. Indeed, from the beginning he has hurried these matters
on with great precipitancy and by his warrant has caused the goods
of the executed to be seized and disposed of without my consent or
knowledge. The stop put on the first method of proceeeding has
dissipated the black cloud that threatened this province with des-
truction ; for the delusion of the devil did spread, and its dismal
effects touched the lives and estates of many and the reputation of
some of the principal persons here, and indeed clogged and
interrupted their Majesties' affairs. Signed. William Phips. 2 pp.
Endorsed. R. May 24, '93.

Duplicate of the foregoing. [America and West Indies. 561.
Nos. 28-29 ; and (entered as addressed to William Blathwayt) Col,
Entry Bk., Vol. LXII., pp. 426-430.]

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

81

1693.
Feb. 21.

Feb. 22.

Feb. 23.

Whitehall.

Feb. 23.

Whitehall.

Feb. 23.

Whitehall.

Feb. 23.

Whitehall.

Feb. 24.

Feb. 24.

113. Minutes of Council of Barbados. The Governor acquainted
the Assembly of the arrival of Sir F. Wheler's expedition, where-
upon they brought up a bill for the accommodation of the troops.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XII., p. 400.]

114. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for Colonel Peter
Beckford to go to his command at Port Royal and await the
Governor's arrival. Order offering '4 a head for every negro
brought in alive and 2 a head for every negro brought in dead by
the party sent out after the runaway negroes. [Board of Trade.
Jamaica,' 77. pp. 241, 242.]

115. The King to Governor Codrington. Directing him to take
care for the assignment of a suitable glebe for ministers out of the
lands escheated in each parish, or to endeavour to prevail with the
Assemblies to pay the additional allowances to ministers in money.
[Board of Trade. Leeward Islands, 44. pp. 112, 113.]

116. The King to Governor Fletcher. A squadron and land
forces will sail for the Caribbee Islands so as to reach New England
by the end of May or middle of June at latest, there to refit and
proceed to attack the French in Canada. Sir William Phips has
been ordered to prepare ships, men and provisions against the
arrival of the said expedition, and you will consult with him as to
what shall be done by New York in the enterprise. [Board of Trade.
New York, 48. -pp. 35-36; and Col Entry Bk., Vol. ('., pp. 305-306.]

117. Order of the King in Council. Disallowing the Act lately
passed in Maryland for the fourteen pence tonnage, and authorising
Lord Baltimore to collect the same for his own use. [Board of
Trade. Maryland, 8. pj>. 68-69.]

118. Royal licence granting six months' leave of absence to
Archibald Carmichael, naval officer of Barbados. [Col. Entn/ Bk.,
Vol. VIII., pp. 330, 331.]

119. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Letter from Major
Pyncheon read, reporting the capture of two Mohawk Castles by the
French and Indians. Order for repayment of the messenger's
expenses. Order for payment of 7 per cent, interest on 2,400
advanced by four of the Council to the public. Order for sundry
payments, including 250 to discharge a bill of exchange drawn
by Sir Henry Ashurst. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV.,pp. 222-223.]

120. Secretary of the Treasury to William Blathwayt. For-
warding report from the Commissioners of Customs on the case of
Luke Lopdell. Hiyned. Hen. Guy. ^ p. Annexed,

120. i. Commissioners of Customs to Lords of the Treasury.
20 February, 1693. In a former report we recommended
that the forfeiture of Luke Lopdell 's ship should be
insisted on ; but in view of a statement to which he has
sworn we think the forfeiture of the cargo sufficient.
Sif/ned. G. Boothe, Robert Southwell, Rich. Temple,
Jo. Werden. 1 p. Endorsed. Read 1 and 3 May, 1693.

120. n. Affidavit of Luke Lopdell in extenuation of his offence
against the Navigation Acts 11 February, 1693. 1 pp.

32 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

120. in. Copy of letter of Commissioners of Customs of 25 August,
1692, insisting on the forfeiture of Lopdell's ship. 1 p.
[America and West Indies. 638. Nos. 6, 6 i.-m. ; and
(without enclosures n., in.) Board of Trade. Virginia, 36.
pp. 230-232.]

Feb. 25. 121. The King to the Governor of Virginia. Ordering him to

Whitehall, propose to the Assembly the allowance of sufficient salaries for the

clergy, and to enquire whether the several Acts of Virginia for support

of the Ministry be properly enforced. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 36.

pp. 222-223.]

Feb. 25. 122. Memorial of Captain John Goddard to Lords of Trade
and Plantations. That a protection may be given to the ship
David to carry himself and household to Bermuda, and that H.M.S.
St. Alban's may be ordered to convoy^her. p. Endorsed.
Reed. 25 Feb., 92-8. [Board of Trade. Bermuda, 2. No. 10.]

Feb. 25. 123. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Sir Thomas
Laurence's petition read (see No. 35 i.) and decision thereon taken.

Sir Peter Colleton and Sir Piobert Danvers were heard concern-
ing two acts of Barbados, as to the qualifications of electors, jurors
and vestrymen, and as to a gift of 1,000 to Sir Timothy Thornhill ;
and decision therein was taken.

Draft instructions to Captain Goddard approved, and his petition
for a passage considered. [Hoard of Trade. Journal, 7. pp. 169-
174.]

Feb. 25. 124. Minutes of Council of New York. Order for careening of
II.M.S. Aldborough in Jefferies Cove.

Feb. 26. Two letters from the Governor at Senectady of 21st and 23rd
February received. Letter of 21.s February. I landed at Albany
on Friday morning, 18th inst., and got up to Albany that evening on
a very ill mis-shod horse. I sent out such parties as came up tome
with Indian guides to reinforce Major Schuyler, who was then got up
with the enemy. He had some light conflicts in which he always
drove them to their entrenchments, and killed seventeen of them,
four being their best officers, to judge by their clothes. On
Feb. 21st I was directing the detachment of van Cortlandt's regi-
ment to march and had ordered them their supplies, when I
observed some men across the river, who being brought over,
reported the retreat of the French past our reach, and that Major
Ingoldsby was marching back. We have lost a great opportunity of
destroying that party. I shall stay no longer than to see our party
return, and shall then come back to you. The want of obedience in
the private men, I suppose, occasioned this great loss, for, as their
position was described to me, it was hardly possible for the French
to escape. We lost four Christians and ten wounded.

Letter o/23 February. I returned hither (Senectady) yesterday
with Major Islington and the officers of his detachment. I shall
detain Colonel Willett until I have enquired into the apparent delay
in sending forward men and stores to the parties engaged with the
enemy. I must also confirm the Sachems in their alliance and
make provision for such Indians as have been burned out.
[Col Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 376, 377, and pp. 397-399.]

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

1693.
Feb. 26.

Feb. 26.

Feb. 26.

Feb. 26.

Feb. 27.

H.M.S.
Nonsuch.
Boston.

Feb. 27.

H.MS.

Nonsuch,
Boston.

Feb. 28.

Boston.

125. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. On the
petition of Sir Thomas Laurence (see No. 35), agreed to move
the King whether the acts and order which intercept the Secretary's
fees shall not be repealed, and to recommend that the Secretary's
security for performance of his duties be 1,000 and that of his
Clerks 100. [Hoard of Trade. Maryland, 8. pp. 96-99.]

126. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. That the
draft Instructions for Governor Goddard be submitted to the King
in Council. [Hoard of Trade. Bermuda, 28. p. 83.]

127. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. That the
petition of Governor Goddard as to passage for himself and freight
for military stores to Bermuda be laid before the King. [Board oj
Trade. Bermuda, 28. p. 86.]

128. Minutes of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Sir Peter
Colleton and Sir Robert Davers having objected (1) to the Act of
Barbados requiring members of the Assembly to qualify themselves
by a sacramental test, as being prejudicial, and (2) to the Act for
granting 1,000 to Sir Timothy Thornhill, as an ill precedent; and
Sir Robert Legard having answered on Sir T. Thornhill's behalf, the
Lords agree to submit to the King's determination whether these
two Acts shall be confirmed or not. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. VIII.,
p. 319, and pp. 339-342.]

129. Thomas Dobbins to Mr. Sotherne. I beg your favour in
procuring me a Commission, now that Captain Short has been sus-
pended from command. Our stores are very low and none are to
be obtained here but at extraordinary rates, while anchors and cables
are not to be had. I beg your favour for William Distance to
succeed me as gunner. Copy. 1 p. [Board of Trade. New
England, 6. No. 30.]

130. Thomas Dobbins to Lords of the Admiralty. Since his
suspension Captain Short has refused to leave behind him one of
the ship's muster-books, and still refuses to do so despite the
Governor's written order. I therefore know nothing of the entries,
discharges and qualifications of men. Signed. Thomas Dobbins.
\ p. [Board of Trade. New England, 6. No. 31.]

131. Governor Sir William Phips to Lords of the Admiralty.
I ask your consideration of my complaints against Captain Short.
I will only add to them that he has neglected order of all kind on
board his ship, has pressed men ashore without my warrant and
afloat beyond his complement, making men pay for their release. I
therefore forbade him to press at all without my warrant, for he has
used his power to make a prey of the King's subjects. I have borne
with much from respect to his commission, but my kindness has
been misconstrued as weakness ; and I now leave the matter to your
justice. I have desired your directions for making a dock and
erecting a victualling office, as it may be done better and cheaper
here than in any other part of America. Copy. 1 p. [Board of
Trade. New England, 6. No. 32.]

8060

34 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

Feb. 28. 132. Governor Sir William Phips to the Earl of Nottingham.
Boston. A complimentary note, covering his letters of 20 and 21 February.
Signed. William Phips. ^ p.

Duplicate of the foregoing. [America and West Indies. 561.
Nos. 30, 31.]

Feb. 28. 133. Lieutenant-Governor Usher to Lords of Trade and Planta-
Great island, tions. I send the reports of the Massachusetts Committee as to my

Piscataqua. accounts. The second report varies slightly from the first. On the
8th of February, pursuant to orders given to me, I presented my
accounts to the Governor and Council, and was requested to leave a
fair copy of them in file, which I did. This done, I was asked if I
had not paid money to Sir Edmund Andros in England, to which I
replied that the sum was shown in my accounts. Major Winthrop
said that he understood I had 2,000 of the King's money on the
day of the Revolution ; to which I answered that he was mistaken.
Major Richards asked me if I could swear 'that I paid the money
to Sir Edmund Andros before he w T ent to England, to which

1 answered that I could. After this the Council appointed another
Committee to examine my accounts, which came to the conclusion
that 850 was due to me, in agreement with the first report ; but
none the less I could obtain no answer, nor anything but delays and
slights. They take exception to Sir Edmund Andros's salary,
holding that as the money is raised by the people it must
be disposed of by the people, and that if the King appoint
the Governor the people must appoint his salary or the King
pay him himself out of the revenue in England. At last I put
in a motion for an answer to my accounts, but notwithstanding
your order for the same and for payment of the balance to me, I am
put off from week to week and from month to month. I asked the
Secretary for a copy of the minutes of the proceedings, but he
refused, and indeed he enters what minutes he pleases, for he has
no entry of the question about the 2,000 nor of my answer.
Excepting Mr. Stoughton all act for the country and not for the
King and hinder everything relating to the King's service. Any of
their proceedings in the revolution is encouraged, but anything from
the King they will not comply with. I hope that you will not
sanction subsequent payments from the Treasury, considering that
mine are first due, and that you will order the balance due to me to
be paid, which indeed is so much out of my pocket. Their delay in
making the report is due only to the hope that another change may
come, so as to return to their Charter-Government and not pay the
debts due under the King's government. Signed. John Usher.

2 pp. Endorsed. Reed. 18 July, 1693. Read 6 Dec., 1693.
Annexed,

133. i. Report of the Committee of the Council of New England,
31 December, 1692. That John Usher's accounts have
been duly examined and that a balance of 850 is due to
him.

Second report of the same, of same date. Reporting
the same balance to be due, but that 798 of the rates
levied at that time, and two bad debts of 27 are still

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 35

1693.

outstanding, and that 4,286 has been paid to Sir E. Andros
for salary, though two receipts for 400 each indicate
that part of the sum was applied to purchase of provisions
for the new raised troops.

Letter of William Stoughton to John Usher, 22 February,
1692-3. I am much concerned that you should have had
so much trouble over your accounts, but I have been unable
to attend Council for some time owing to a fall. As one
of the Committee appointed to examine the accounts I
mi^st own that you made everything very clear and
certain from the first article to the last, as our first report
showed, and that you have given every facility to the
Council and answered all questions, so that I know not
what more you could have done. I shall use my utmost
endeavour to procure despatch of this business.

Copies. Tin' /rliole, 2 pp. Endorsed. Reed. 24 May, '93.
[Board of Trade. New Hampshire, 1. Nos. 20, 20 i. ;
and (without enclosure) Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXVII.,
pp. 243-247.]

Feb. 28. 134. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for payment for
fifty cartouche-boxes delivered to the magazine. [Board of Trade.
Jamaica, 77. p. 242.]

Feb. 135. Memorial of Colonel Lidgett. New England is greatly

distressed by a war with the natives assisted by the French. The
evil is greatly added to if not wholly continued by some practices
among themselves done openly and without restraint. The peltry
is generally purchased from the Indians by English merchants, and
is paid for in blankets, linen, iron, steel, lead, guns, powder and
shot, at great rates, which is profitable to the traders but fatal to
the public, since it supplies the enemy with the means of destroying
them. In 1688 the Government took care that there should be no
trade with French and Indians, and the Indians were so much
distressed for want of arms that they came in April 1689, a few
days before the revolution broke out, to ask for peace. Not finding
those to whom they expected to apply they returned and renewed
the war, which they are enabled to do by the English themselves.
At the beginning of 1689 a sloop brought into Boston much peltry,
purchased as above, she having given Bermuda as her destination
and hence obtained clearance. The French and Indians, who were
then in great want of powder, thus obtained plenty ; and since then
many others have pursued and do still pursue the same trade with-
out contradiction. 1 p. Endorsed. Reed. Feb., 1692-3. [Board
of Trade. New England, 6. No. 33.]

[Feb.] 136. Draft letter to the Governor of Massachusetts, announcing

that Sir F. Wheler's squadron will arrive in New England at the
end of May for an attack on Canada. 4 pp. [Board of Trade.
New York, 5. No. 6 A.]

[Feb.] 137. Similiar draft to the Governor of New York, to same

purport. 4 pp. [Board of Trade. New York, 5, A 7 o. 6B.]

36

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

[Feb.]

March 1.

Whitehall.

March 1.

Whitehall.

March 1.

March 1.
H.M.S.

Conception,
Boston.

March 1.

[March.]

March 1.

March 2.

March 3.

March 2.

138. Draft Instructions to Daniel Cox to repair to Boston to
see to the execution of above instructions. ^ pp. [Bo<n-d of
Trade. New York, 5. Xo. fie.]

139. The King to the Governor of Virginia. Directing him
to pay 500 from the quit-rents to New York, to be employed
against the French. [Board of Trade. New York, 48. pp. 14-15.]

140. The King to Governor Copley. Ordering him to pay
the sum of 250 from the royal revenue of Maryland to the
Government of New York, for assistance in its defence. [Board of
Trade. Maryland, 8. pp. 51-52, and pp. 99-100.]

141. Governor Sir William Phips to the Lords of the Admiralty.
This letter is identical with that to the Earl of Nottingham of
15 February, complaining of Captain Short. (See Xo. 88.)

3 pp. [Board of Trade. New

Another copy of the above.
England, 6. Xos. 34, 35.]

142. Captain Fairfax, R.N., to Mr. Sotherne. I have after long
delay obtained a survey and have enclosed a report as to the rigging,
sails, etc. I am told that the carpenters have given theirs to the
Governor and was promised a copy, but I cannot obtain it. Copy.
\ p. [Board of Trade. New England, 6. A'o. 36.]

143. Commission to Captain John Goddard to be Lieutenant-
Governor of Bermuda. [Board of Trade. Bermuda, 28. pp. 47-59.]

144. Instructions to Captain John Goddard as Governor of
Bermuda. He is to propose to the Assembly that an export duty of
one penny per pound be settled on tobacco, in such manner that
the Crown may lower it as it thinks fit ; that moderate quit-rents be
fixed for land ; and that the public buildings be repaired. The rest
of the instructions are of the usual type. [Board of Trade.
Bermuda, 28. pp. 60-83.]

145. Minutes of Council of Virginia. Ralph Wormeley
appointed to act as Secretary on the death of Christopher Robinson,
and Richard Lee appointed a Councillor in the place of the said
Robinson. Prayers for a blessing on the proceedings of the
General Assembly ordered in all churches on Sunday, 19th inst.
Order for clearing two ships for England, there being not ships
enough to make a fleet.

Ralph Wormeley sworn Secretary. Peter Beverley appointed
Clerk of the Burgesses. William Edwards sworn Clerk of the
General Assembly. Agreed that the Governor shall address the
Burgesses in general terms only.

Sheriff Robert Boiling ordered to attend the Council to answer
for detention of a negro slave not his own. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXXXIV., pp. 790-793.]

146. Journal of House of Burgesses of Virginia. The House
having heard a speech from the Governor presented Thomas Milner
as their Speaker, who was accepted. Committee of privileges and
of elections appointed.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

1693.

March 3.

List of the House :

John Pleasant - )

Peter Field - - j

John Taylor - - |

John Styth - - [
Michael Sherman -
Henry Duke
Miles Gary -

Samuel Swan - )

Francis Clements - - j

Henry Baker - )

Anthony Holliday - - j
Thomas Milner
Thomas Lear
John Custis -

William Kendall - - j

Richard Rogers - - '

Richard O'Flint - - j"

Samuel Mason - - [

Francis Sawyer - - j

John Richardson - - )

Jacob Johnson - - j

Willis Wilson - I

William Armistead - J

Thomas Ballard - - )

Daniel Parke - )
John Lyddall
William Basset
James Rawson

John Baylor - - j
Matthew Kemp
John Cant
John Battaile

Edward Thomas - - j

Arthur Spicer - )

William Colston - j

Martin Scarlet j

Thomas Ousley - [

Richard Baylie - ]

Samuel Sandford - - j

Daniel Fox - - ]

John Stretchley - j

Thomas Yewell - - j

William Hardidge - - [
William Gary
William Leigh
The burgesses present were sworn,

Henrico County.
Charles City County.

James City County.
James City.
Surrey County.

Isle of Wight County.
Nancymond County.
Northampton County.
Northumberland County.
Norfolk County.
Princess Ann County.
Elizabeth City County.
York County.
New Kent County.
Gloucester County.
Middlesex County.
Essex County.
Richmond County.
Stafford County.
Accomack County.
Lancaster County.
Westmoreland County.

Warwick County.

King's and Queen's County.

x , _ _, except John Pleasant who

refused the oath, whereupon a writ for a new burgess to be elected
in his place was requested. William Drummond appointed
messenger. Message to the Governor thanking him for appointing
persons to attend them, but that they had appointed their own
messenger. Robert Beverley appointed Clerk.

38

COLONIAL PAPERS.

March 2.

March 3.

March 2.

March 2.

March 2.

Whitehall.

1693.

March 4. Order for enquiry into the election for King and Queen's County.
The Sheriff of Warwick County was also summoned to attend as to
the election for that County. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXV.,
pp. 939-946.]

147. Minutes of General Assembly of Virginia. The Governor
made the Burgesses a general speech, and announced that he had
appointed Peter Beverley to he Clerk. The Burgesses then
presented their Speaker, who was approved.

Commissioners appointed to swear the Burgesses. Message
for the Burgesses as to their appointment of a messenger. A new
writ for the election of a burgess for Henrico County issued.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXV., pp. 891-895.]

148. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Order for payment
of 156 for the purchase of a sloop by the late Government.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol LXIV.,p. 224.]

149. Minutes of Council and Assembly of Montserrat. Order
for pressing a pink for the expedition now on foot, and for every
plantation in the Island to make 200 Ibs. of cassava-bread, to be
delivered to the Treasurer by Tuesday next, for the same. [Col.
Entry Bk., Vol. XLVIIL, p. 313.]

150. Order of the King in Council. Approving the report of
Lords of Trade and Plantations on Sir Thomas Laurence's petition
(nee No. 125) and ordering that the Acts and order, whereby
the Secretary's fees are diverted, be repealed, and that the fees of
the Naval officer remain as at present settled. [Board of Trade.
Maryland, 8. pp. 94-96, and pp. 100-104.]

151. Order of the King in Council. Approving the Act of
Barbados for granting 1,000 to Sir Timothy Thornhill. [Col
Entry Bk., Vol. VIII., pp. 323, 324.]

152. Order of the King in Council. Disallowing the Act of
Barbados for qualification of electors. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. VIII.,
pp. 324, 325.]

153. Minutes of Council of War of Barbados. These will be
found embodied in the letter of the Council of War to Governor
Codrington (sec -No. 170 i.). [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XII., j^. 313,
314.]

154. List of the Burgesses of Assembly of Virginia. 1 p.
Endorsed. Reed. 2 June, 1693. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 5.

No. 14.]

155. Speech of Governor Sir Edmund Andros at the opening
of the Virginia Assembly. 1 p. Endorsed. Reed. 2 June, 1693.
[Board of Trade. Virginia, 5. No. 15.]

March 2. 156. Minutes of General -Assembly of Massachusetts. A peti-
tion from the farmers beyond the bounds of Sudbury, Marlborough,
etc., to be formed into a township, was sent down to the
Representatives.

March 3. Resolved that Increase Mather be desired to preach a sermon to
the General Assembly on Wednesday next. Elisha Hutchinson,

March 2.
Whitehall.

March 2.

Whitehall.

March 2.
Barbados,

March 2.

March 2.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

31)

1693.

John Foster, Peter Sergeant and Isaac Addington sworn justices of
the inferior Court of Common Pleas for Suffolk County. Report of
the Commissioners for regulating the assessment read and deferred
for consideration.

March 4. Bills to grant i'500 to the Governor, and to grant a piece of void
land in Boston to Jane Kind, read. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV.,
pp. 380, 381.]

March 3. 157. Minutes of Council of Barbados. Sir F. Wheler and
Colonel Foulke sworn of the Council. Order for the furnishing of
papers and records to Ralph Lane. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XIL,
pp. 401, 402.]

March 3. 158. The King to the Governments of Connecticut and Rhode

Whitehall. Island. Ordering them to send assistance in men or money to New

York against the French, and to agree with the other Colonies as to

the quota of men to he furnished. Countersigned. Nottingham.

{Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LX1L, pp. 421, 422.]

March 3. 159. Orders of Lieutenant-Governor Sir William Beeston to
Captain Stephen Elliot to sail to England with despatches. Copy.
1 p. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. No. 3.]

March 3. 160. Governor Sir Edmund Andros to the Earl of Nottingham.
Virginia. Mr. Robinson, Councillor and Acting Secretary, is dead, and I have
appointed Mr. Ralph Wormeley to act as Secretary in his place.
The Assembly met yesterday. I hope for the speedy arrival of
ships with orders releasing the ports and towns, and with much
needed supplies. Signed. E. Andros. Holograph. 1 p. Endorsed.
R. June 2, '93. [America and West Indies. 638. No. 7.]

March 3. 161. Minutes of Council of New York. The Governor reported his
operations at Albany, mentioning that the French had left all their
prisoners behind, that he had met the Sachems and made a treaty,
and that he had made haste to send home all the detached men,
returning himself yesterday morning. The Council thanked him for
his prudence and diligence, saying that the like expedition had never
been seen before in the province. Order for the records of his
proceedings to be read. Resolved to write to the Justices of Ulster
County as to the scattered plantations that are in greatest danger,
and the most convenient places for their joining together for mutual
defence. Order for the neighbouring Colonies to be apprised of the
defeat of the French. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., p. 399.]

[March 3.] 162. Copy of Minutes of Council of New York from 1 Septem-
ber, 1692, to 3 March, 1693. 13 pp. [America and West Indies.
579. No. 30.]

March 4. 163. Governor Kendall to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
Identical with the letter of same date to Lord Nottingham. (See
next abstract.} Endorsed. Reed. 1 May, 1693. [Board of Trade.
Barbados, 5. No. 8; and Col. Entry Bk., Vol. VIII., pp. 336, 337.]

March 4. 164. Governor Kendall to Earl of Nottingham. My express

Barbados, with my last letter sailed on 14 February, and on the last day of

that month, beyond my expectation but to my great satisfaction,

40

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

March 4.

Barbados.

March 4.

March 4.

Victualling
Office.

Sir Francis Wheler's fleet arrived here in perfect health. I have
had the good fortune to please the officers and soldiers that came
with him by giving them free refreshing quarters. You will
doubtless receive full particulars of both fleet and regiments from
Sir Francis and Colonel Foulke, to whom I shall, despite past
misfortunes and present fears of intestine enemies, join nine
hundred of the best men in the Island. We are now taking every
measure to ensure the success of the expedition. At the earnest
request of all the officers of the last squadron that was here, I not
only supplied them with all the money that I had but used all my
credit also, to keep their men and ships from perishing. For this
they gave me their bills on the Commissioners for the Navy and for
Victualling, but by my present letters I find few or none of them
paid, and no assurance that they ever will be. Since I gained
nothing by what I did, saved the lives of over a thousand men and
kept the ships from sinking, and since I have been out of the
greater part of my money for more than twelve months, I beseech
you to take my case under your protection, for such unkind usage
may prove very fatal to the King's affairs in the future. Sinned.
J. Kendall. Holograph. 1 pp. Endorsed. R. Apr. 26, '93.

Duplicate of the foregoing. [America and West Indies. 456.
Nos. 43, 44.]

165. T. Fotherby to the Earl of Nottingham. At last we have
arrived at this place, where we have been so long expected, and as
far as I can learn as healthy as any fleet ever came. Of 117
soldiers and officers, besides seamen, in this ship we have had but
one sick. We are landing the stores as fast as we can, to inspect
and check them. I must complain of an injustice done to me,
though I fix it upon no one. When the method for disposal of
plunder was submitted to the King, care was taken that all general
officers should have their portion, even to a regimental chaplain,
whose duty I believe obliges him to pray against our plundering ;
but I find myself excluded by not being mentioned, nor can I
reasonably ask it, since I am not. My lot will therefore be small,
if any, since I must stand to their courtesy for it. I entreat that
my portion may be ordered according to the posts I am in, for the
trouble of my employ deserves it as much as any. Not being of the
Council of War I cannot tell you when we shall sail for Martinique,
but I hope that it will not be long. I would have it as short as may
be, to be quit of an employ that is very troublesome and vexatious,
and return to your Lordship's protection. Signed. T. Fotherb}^.
Holograph. Itjr pp. Endorsed. R. Apr. 28, '93. [America and
West Indies. 456. No. 45.]

166. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Committee
appointed to examine the accounts of the Committee for war.
Order for payment of twenty shillings to Daniel Cheever, for
custody of an Indian Sachem. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV.,

pp. 224-225.]

167. The Victuallers of the Navy to William Blathnvayt. In
reply to your questions Sir Francis Wheler's squadron was
victualled for eight months, which with the money for short

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

41

1693.

March 5.

Whitehall.

March 6.

allowance was to last them twelve months. We beg for a letter to
the officers at Barbados that no custom may be taken for rum and
sugar delivered to the King's ships in the West Indies. Signed.
Tho. Papillon, Simon Mayne, John Agar, James Howe. 1 p.
[Board of Trade. Plantations General, 2. No. 43 ; and Col. Entry
Bk., Vol. C., p. 807.]

168. The King to the Governor of Virginia. Ordering him to
pay 500 out of the quit-rents to New York for the defence of the
frontier, and to charge the sum of '302, already sent to New York,
also against the quit-rents ; which fund however is otherwise not to
be touched without order, except in case of invasion or insurrection.
[Board of Trade. Virginia, 36. pp. 226, 227.]

169. William Blathwayt to Commissioners of Ordnance.
Asking for an account of the stores delivered to the land-forces with
Sir Francis Wheler's squadron. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. C., p. 308.]

Resolution,

Carlisle Bay,

Barbados.

March 6. 170. Sir Francis Wheler to Earl of Nottingham. I arrived
On board the here the 1st inst. and before anchoring ascertained from Governor
Kendall that the Island had never been healthier. We have met with
very kind usage. The Governor had procured from the Assembly
an Act giving free quarters for the soldiers for a month, chiefly
upon the gentlemen, twenty or thirty in a house. The gentlemen have
kindly interpreted the laws so as to give the officers and men all
imaginable satisfaction. In the Channel and soundings we parted
from the Ruby, Dragon, Experiment, Cygnet (hreship) and some
merchantmen. On the 26th January we arrived at Madeira and
found there the Ruby, Dragon, Experiment and one transport. We
were very civilly received by the Governor and sailed again on the
29th. On the 8th February in latitude 24^ degrees we parted
with the Falcon and two Jamaica merchantmen, which intended to
go to northward of the Caribbee Islands. On arriving here we
found the Mermaid, the hospital-ship and four transports, which
had parted from us before we reached Madeira. Yesterday the
Cygnet came in, so that there is but one small merchant vessel
missing, with one ensign and thirty soldiers of Goodwill's regiment
aboard. A few seamen have sickened but the rest and the soldiers
are in good health. We found the Island full of expectation for
our arrival. Here are two regiments raised by the country, which
were each five hundred strong but are now but 400, under Colonels
Salter and Butler. They have their transports and provisions
ready to go with us to Martinique. On the 8th instant a Council
of War was held, when it was resolved to send a sloop to Governor
Codrington to acquaint him of our arrival and that it is impracticable
to join his forces with ours in Antigua for the attack on Martinique,
since to beat up from so far to leeward would take much time and
sicken our men, so as to spoil the whole design. Copy of the
letter is enclosed. Governor Kendall gives us good hope that
the French are not very strong in Martinique so I hope we
may be able to destroy a great part of the Island ; but the
fort is a strong European fortress which will be very hard
to force with our strength. We hear they lose no time
in fortifying the landing-places, and there is a report

42 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

that they have sent for men from Hispaniola. The Chester and
Mermaid were sent to Governor Codrington to convoy his forces to
the place of rendezvous, and a sloop sails to-night to Martinique to
discover what naval strength they have in those parts, for we hear
they have but two fourth-rates and a fifth-rate. Colonel Foulke
and I have considered how to execute the sealed instructions which
we opened here, and meanwhile we intend to say nothing of the
matter. The attack on Cayenne, directed by the King's order of
13 December last, was dependent on the merchantmen's consent,
and though I managed it as privately as I could, they unanimously
refused to go, as the enclosed protest shows. As soon as Governor
Codrington reports himself ready, we shalL-fix our day and embark
from Martinique. The Governor, I suppose, has told you that the
Norwich was blown from her anchors, and has not been heard of
since, so that I met none of the King's ships but the Diamond,
Captain Wickham, who some time since had a battle in sight of
Martinique with the Mary Rose. They fought broadside to broad-
side for two hours, when the Mary Rose fairly ran away, and, being
clean, outran the Diamond, which followed her within five leagues of
Martinique. Everyone says that Captain Wickham played his part
very well, and so the French captain sent word, and that our
cannon played too fast for him, after firing three or four times. I
beg you particularly to let the King know the care Governor
Kendall has taken to influence the Council and Assembly to use
the officers and men kindly. The kindness is carried to that pitch
that the officers are as easy and as welcome in the gentlemen's
houses as if they were their own. The Act directs that each free-
holder who quarters soldiers must do it to content, or pay fifteen-
pence a day for each man to find himself. The ships that bring
this are four or five which have lain here so long that, if they did
not go hence, their bottoms would be spoiled by the worm. I have
advised them to go north between Scotland and Ireland if possible
and so into the Irish Sea, whence they must announce their arrival
to London and await the convoy of one of the Channel cruisers.
Sinned. Era. Wheler. %% pp. Inscribed. R. April 26. An nc.tr d,
170. i. The Council of War at Barbados to Governor Codrington.
2 March, 1693. Sir Francis Wheler arrived here on the
28th February with twelve men-of-war, two regiments and
recruits for the Blue regiment. At a Council of War
this day it was resolved that it was very inconvenient
that the forces here should go to Antigua, and that a
frigate should be sent down to convoy the Leeward
Islands' forces to join their forces off' the leeward part of
Martinique. We desire you to answer by the present
express with all possible despatch at what time we may
expect to meet your forces there. It was also resolved, for
the encouragement of the Plantation forces, that as
regards the distribution of booty, every regiment of the
Plantations should consist of not less than 400 men. You
are desired to acquaint us with the number of your forces,
and to send with them at least two months' provisions and
the mortars, field-pieces, etc., that were sent to you last
year, as also the engineers. Signed by Governor Kendall,

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

43

1693.

March 6.

Barbados.

March 6.

Barbados.

March 6.
March 7.

March 6.

Sir F. Wheler, 11 field officers of the Army, 6 captains of
the Navy. Copt/. 1^ pp.

170. ii. Declaration of the captains of merchantmen in Sir F.
Wheler 's Fleet. Sir Francis having acquainted us that it
is the King's pleasure that the men-of-war and transports
should attack Cayenne, we declare that to go to any
place before Barbados is against our charter-party, and
that we cannot consent thereto ; if we are forced to do so
we must justify ourselves by law. Sixteen signatories.
Copij. 1^ pp. [America and West Indies. 456. Nos.
46, 46 i., ii.]

171. Colonel John Foulke to the Earl of Nottingham. Sir
Francis has no doubt informed you of the reason that prevented us
from pursuing the King's commands as to Cayenne. One transport is
missing with 25 men of Colonel Goodwyn's regiment. We lost
3 officers and about 40 private men of the whole land-forces in our
passage, and have about 90 men sick at present. Our reception
has been very kind, and we hope that the refreshing quarters pro-
vided for the men will contribute to their speedy recovery. I shall
not trouble you with the resolutions of the Council of War. The
Barbados regiments will not exceed 400 men apiece ; what rein-
forcement we may receive from the Leeward Islands is uncertain.
I hope that the latter may be found ready to join us, that we
may proceed to Martinique before our men sicken, which I very
much apprehend. Signed. Jo. Foulke. 1^ pp. Endorsed. R.
Apr. 26, '93. [America and West Indies. 456. No. 47.]

172. Colonel Robert Goodwyn to Earl of Nottingham. One
transport, with about 25 men of Captain Degen's Company is miss-
ing. We hope she may have fallen down to leeward. No more
than five or six men died at sea out of the whole, so that I doubt
not of producing 750 men fit for service, as good men as perhaps
may be seen in most regiments in the present service. I shall do
my utmost to keep my men in health and discipline, to gain reputa-
tion and preserve your good opinion. Signed. Robert Goodwyn.
Holograph. 1^ pp. Endorsed. R. Apr. 28, '93. [America and
West Indies. 456. No. 48.]

173. Minutes of Council of Virginia. Order for discharge of
the ships hired for Captain Finch.

Order for payment to Mr. Edward Hill for sixteen pair
of wheels for the great guns. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXIV.,
pp. 793,794.]

174. Journal of House of Burgesses of Virginia. The disputed
election for Northumberland County referred to the Committee of
Elections. Address to the Governor, praying for their ancient
privilege of electing their own Clerk. The thanks of the house
given to Mr. Stephen Fance for his sermon yesterday. Resolved
that the election for King's and Queen's County was invalid, and
that a new writ be asked for.

The election for Northumberland County considered. William
Drummond empowered to appoint a deputy-messenger for

44

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

March 8.

March 9.

March 10.
March 11.

March 6.
March 7.
March 8.
March 9.
March 11.

March 6.
March 7.

March 8.
March 9.
March 10.

March 11.

March 7.

Boston.

distant errands. The election for Warwick decided in favour of
Humphrey Harwood.

A message from the Governor, showing precedents for his
appointment of a Clerk of the Burgesses. Address of the Burgesses
to the Governor, praying him to use his interest with the King to
procure them restoration of their ancient privilege of appointing their
own Clerk. Committees of grievances and of public claims appointed.

Message from the Governor, that in the opinion of him-
self and Council he ought not to use his interest as requested in
their message of } 7 esterday. Peter Beverley was then sworn Clerk.
Several grievances and claims read and considered.

More grievances considered. William 'Randolph, elected for
Henrico County, was sworn.

Address to the Governor for a copy of his first speech to the
Burgesses. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXV., pp. 946-956.]

175. Minutes of General Assembly of Virginia. The Burgesses'
address as to their Clerk received.

New writ for King's and Queen's County granted. Answer to
the Burgesses' address.

Second address from the Burgesses as to their clerk received and
answered.

At the request of the Burgesses, Councillors were sent to swear
in the Clerk.

The Governor's speech and Peter Heyman's petition sent down
to the Burgesses. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXV., pp. 895-901.]

176. Minutes of General Assembly of Massachusetts. The
Representatives, reporting that many of their members were
employed as a Committee of Assessment, were adjourned.

Bills for granting 500 to the Governor, and for granting land to
Jane Kind, were passed. Report of the Committee for adding to the
same granted for the public tax read and referred for further con-
sideration. Resolved, that a suitable vessel be hired for their
Majesties' service to cruise about Martha's Vineyard and to secure
coasting vessels.

Report of the Committee as to the public tax was again read and
agreed to.

The same report was again debated. Bill for dividing Essex
County rejected.

An order on the petition for settling the bounds of Little Compton
was read and debated. Petition on behalf of Jeremiah Toy, con-
fined on board H.M.S. Nonsuch, was read and recommended to the
Governor.

After conference, it was agreed with the Representatives as to the
method of election for Councillors. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV.,
pp. 382-385.]

177. Governor Sir William Phips to the Lords of the Admiralty.
I thank you for the seal of the Admiralty Office here. Pray let me
have a special commission to appoint a judge, registrar and marshal,
such power being excepted from my present commission. Signed.
William Phips. p. Endorsed. Reed, at the Committee.
15 Jan., 1693-4. [Board of Trade. New England, 6. No. 37.]

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

1693.

March 8. 178. Governor Fletcher to Earl of Nottingham. As I closed
my last I was summoned to Albany, owing to an invasion of the
French. I have sent you home accounts of it. This Colony
cannot support itself without help from the neighbouring Colonies,
some of which do not own the Crown, but set up a Government
which is grievous to many subjects. Connecticut is a sort of
republic, and all the better sort of people are much dissatisfied and
wish to be united to New York. During my absence the Council
wrote to our neighbours for help. Connecticut sent no answer at
all, Pennsylvania sent us good wishes, East Jersey 248, with a
promise to make it up to 400. From the rest I have not heard.
The Governor of New England is a machine moved by every
fanatical finger, the contempt of wise men and the sport of fools.
I beg for arms and accoutrements for 120 men. We can always
beat the French if we can get money to pay and victual our men, but
we are very poor, and the fur trade is quite lost by this war. A
great deal of what is written in the letter of same date to William
Blatliwayt is repeated, in this letter. Signed. Ben. Fletcher.
Holograph. 2J pp. Endorsed. R. July 18, '93.

Duplicate of the foregoing. [America and West Indies. 579.
Nos. 31, 32.]

March 8. 179. Governor Fletcher to [William Blathwayt] . I was called
New York. f rom m y } as t letter by the news of a French attack on the outskirts
of this province, of which I send you a narrative. Our neighbours
to right and left sit at their ease, and govern by their own fancies.
Connecticut, full of people, keeps up a Commonwealth ; those in
power oppress the better sort who dissent from them, but will not
send a man nor a sixpence to our relief. From that Colony I could
march up men dry-foot to repel our enemies ; from hence we have a
voyage of fifty leagues to Albany. In my absence the Council writ
to all the neighbouring Colonies for men or money. The Republic
of Connecticut quarrel at the superscription of the letter for wanting
their proper title. Pennsylvania says that it can send us nothing
but good wishes. East Jersey has sent us 248 and promises to
make it 400. The remoter Colonies I have not yet heard from.
We have quite lost our fur trade. We pay 10 per cent, for money
borrowed to carry on the war and I see no prospect of paying the
principal. The fort is dropping down for want of repair ; and so are
the buildings, especially the Chapel. Nothing but an addition of Con-
necticut and some other Colonies can support us, by paying small
duties to the Crown. The Navigation Acts are wholly violated by
these outliers. I beg for arms for two troops of dragoons, which
would be of great use on the frontiers. Two companies more of
foot, whereof one for Major Peter Schuyler, who has behaved himself
well and understands the Indian language and mode of fighting,
would encourage these dispirited people. Though the French were
beaten they are not satisfied that one of them should have got off ;
and had our Indians been true to us it was next to impossible that one
of them should have escaped. I send this to Boston in hopes of a
passage, if Sir W. Phips do not intercept it. Signed. Ben Fletcher.
la PP' Endorsed. Reed. 3 June, 1693. Abstracted in Board of
Trade. New York, 48. pp. 46, 47. Annexed,

46 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

179. i. Major Richard Ingoldsby to Governor Fletcher. Albany,
11 February, 1693. 10 at night. I gave you an account
of the advance of the enemy to the Maqua Castles. They
are there still, and I fear that they may compel our
Indians to a peace. We have no account in what condi-
tion they are, though we have scouts out. Ten Christians
and 40 Maquas have gone out to watch them, and the
Indians are impatient since the Christians do not join them
in an attack, which I thought inadvisable while they held so
strong a position ; but as soon as they move and we can
have any Indians we think to send 300 of the Fusiliers
and inhabitants in pursuit. I nave all the provisions
ready, which shall be sent to Senectady to-morrow. I
have called in all the farmers and reinforced Senectady
with 50 men. In all we have 600 men. I hear that the
French despair of returning by ice, so are in no hurry to
move. Can you send me some men ? I expect 50 from
Esopus to-morrow. I have sent Schuyler to Senectady
with orders to send out scouts and pacify the Indians. I
dare not tell them of the delay in sending men forward as
we have always led them to believe that we are stronger
than we are. The frontier is just manned for defence, and
men cannot be spared so far off. I have given orders not
to engage the enemy except at great advantage, for
their design is desperate and they are short of provisions.
Copy. 2 pp. Endorsed. Reed. 19 July, 1693.

179. n. Another copy of the preceding.

179. in. Journal of Governor Fletcher's expedition Feb. 12, Sunday.
About 10 or 11 o'clock at night an express from Lieutenant-
Colonel Beeckman brought advice from Albany of 550
French and Indians being within twenty miles of Senectady
on the 8th inst. an hour before daylight, ready to fall
upon the two first castles of our Mohawks. The City
militia was ordered to be drawn out next morning.
Feb. 13. Orders for Colonels van Cortlandt and Willett
to detail 150 men from their regiments to embark at the
ferry. The Governor inspected the city regiment and
called for volunteers, whereupon they unanimously threw
up their hats, crying " One and all." 150 of the fittest
were selected with three captains and their subalterns.
Orders were sent to collect all the horses in Ulster County to
carry the troops from Kingston to Albany by land, in case
the river were not open. Feb. 14. Express from Major
Ingoldsby arrived at daybreak, reporting the capture
of the two Mohawk castles. Eight sloops with ammuni-
tion and stores were at once ordered to be ready to sail,
and at 4 p.m. the Governor, with the detachment of the
City Regiment and several volunteers, embarked and set
sail. Feb. 17. The Governor arrived at Albany with five of
the sloops about 9 o'clock ; the rest arrived towards
evening, having been delayed by ice. Captain Schuyler
was ordered to march with 50 men at once to Senectady,
and at 11 o'clock the Governor started with 16 horse,

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 47

1693.

leaving Colonel Bayard with orders to send the other
detachments forward as they arrived. At 3 p.m.
Major Ingoldsby met the Governor about eight miles from
Senectady, and 5 p.m. they arrived at Senectady, and at
9 p.m. Captain Sclmyler marched in with his men (twenty
miles) and found quarters and food ready for them. Feb. 18.
The men were ready to cross the river at daybreak but
were delayed till afternoon by a violent storm. Indian
women carrying provisions were sent with them. At
noon Major Merritt with the rest of the City detachment
marched into Senectady. Feb. 19, Sunday. At daybreak
the rest of the forces that were fit to march tried to cross
the river, but were prevented by the ice, until at 10 a.m. the
ice set for a time and they crossed on foot ; but in two hours
the river was open again. More stores were sent with this
party. Feb. 20. The rest of the City detachment marched,
their numbers being made up to 42 by men from the garrison
of Senectady. They took with them thirteen horses laden
with stores. At 2 p.m. Captain Stillwell arrived with
50 men of the King's County Militia at Senectady, and
were halted till next morning, when three horses with
stores were ordered to be ready for them. Feb. 21. The
horses had been carried over the river and the men were
about to cross, when a message came from Major Schuyler
that he was returning. Since the Governor's arrival 208
effective men, with large quantities of stores and transport,
had joined him. Feb. 22. The Governor returned from
Albany with Major Schuyler and many of the troops that
had abandoned pursuit of the enemy, reaching Senectady
at 3 p.m. Major Schuyler and other officers were ordered
to draw up an account of their action in the woods.
At 4 p.m. arrived Colonel Willett with 120 men from
Queen's County, who with the other detachments were
ordered home next morning. At night the Governor sent
to all the Indiana who were returned from the fight to meet
him next morning at Albany. Feb. 23. Proclamation for
all outlying farmers to draw themselves into neighbour-
hood for their better protection. Feb. 24. The Governor
received an address of thanks and congratulation from the
Corporation of Albany. Feb. 25. The Governor met the
Indians, made his speech and received their reply. Feb. 26.
Four of the Sachems came to the Governor with further
propositions, which he did not at once answer to their
satisfaction. Feb. 27. After issuing a proclamation pro-
hibiting the sale of rum to the Indians, we embarked for
New York. Copy, attested 7 March, 1692-3. 4 pp. En-
dorsed. Reed. 19 July, 1693.

179. iv. Another copy of the preceding.

179. v. Journal of Peter Schuyler's operations against the French
and Indians. Feb. 8, Wednesday. About 2 p.m. we
had the news of the capture of the Mohawk castles,
and soon after, through an escaped prisoner who

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

came to Senectady, we heard that the French num-
bered 350 Christians and 200 Indians. Major
Ingoldsby at once called in the farmers belonging to
two companies of militia, and that night Lieutenant John
Schuyler with 55 horse marched to Senectady. Fab. 9.
An express came from Senectady begging that Major
Schuyler or Major Wessels would come and pacify the
Indians. Major Schuyler went that evening at his own
request, and immediately on his arrival sent out scouts to
spy out the forts and the enemy's motions ; but they
returned at midnight after going twelve miles, saying that
they could not cross the river. Feb. 10. John Schuyler
and another officer went to view the forts and brought
news that the French were in both of them. Feb. 11. 10
Christians and 40 Indians sent out to lie near and watch
the enemy. They made a small fort to retreat into and
so spied what the enemy did. Feb. 12. The scouts brought
news of firing at the Mohawks' forts, which was supposed to
be that of the Tionondoge Indians against the French. The
news was sent to Albany and Major Ingoldsby at once
detached 200 men, who arrived at Senectady about 2 p.m.
The scouts brought in further news that the French were
still there and had cut off the third Mohawk castle, called
Tionondoge, and that none of the upper Indians were come
down. Major Schuyler sent to Albany for orders to march.
Feb. 13. No answer coming to his letter, Major Schuyler
sent a second message, but being pressed by the Indians,
who threatened to desert us, was forced to march the men
across the river without orders, which arrived at 4 p.m.
At this very time the scouts reported that the French had
burnt the Mohawk castles and marched away. We marched
twelve miles that evening, being 273 Christians. At 10 p.m.
a scout reported that 600 of our uppermost Indians were
coming down. The messenger was sent on to Major
Ingoldsby with a request for stores and ammunition to be
sent after us. Feb. 14. Decamped about 2 a.m., reached
our scouts' fort at 6 a.m., and heard that the enemy was
not above eight miles from us. Scouts were sent forward,
who reported that they had marched. News came in that
300 of our upper Indians were within twenty miles of us.
Orders were sent to hasten them. Sent three Indians
forward to discover the enemy, decamped at 4 p.m.
and marched to the place where the enemy had lain the
night before. Feb. 15. Two of our Indian scouts came in
and reported the enemy within ten miles. At noon our
Indians came up, about 290 men and boys armed and
unarmed. At 4 p.m. marched and traversed ten miles.
Consultation was held that night and spies sent forward.
Feb. 16. Marched early and after going ten miles found
where the enemy had lain two nights before. An Indian
came from the enemy who had been sent to debauch our
Indians. Message sent to Major Ingoldsby that the
enemy had built a fort and meant to fight us, asking for

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 49

1G93.

provisions, ammunition and men. Marched on and met a
wounded Indian ; and two miles .further on learning
that the enemy were from 600 to 700 men and within
three miles, pushed on to find a convenient'camping ground
and fortified it. Scouts, Christian and Indian, were out
all night, who reported in the morning that we were
within a mile of the fort. Feb. 17. Decamped, and
fetched a compass, with scouts before us, for fear of an
ambuscade. At 8 a.m. came in sight of the fort when our
scouts came in and shewed us where the enemy lay. We
were making ready to engage when the enemy seeing us
gave three huzzas, which we answered with as many and as
loud as they, and made the woods ring. Our Indians went
to work to fell trees and fortify, but the enemy sallying out
immediately, we engaged them and drove them back to
their fort. The Indians again fell to work, the Christians
helping them, when the French again sallied out with all
their strength, crying out " They run and we'll cut them
all off and get their provisions." We received them briskly
and beat them back into their fort with loss of several
men. Again we fell to work to build our fort, and a third
time the enemy were beaten back into their fort with con-
siderable loss. Sent an express to Major Ingoldsby praying
him to hasten our recruits with food and ammunition, for
most of our men had not had any provisions in two days
time (sic). Scouts were sent out all night and we lay in our
fort. It was extreme bad, cold, snowy weather. Feb. 18.
The scouts reported the enemy still in their fort. At 9a.m.
an Indian deserter brought news that the French were
packing their baggage. Major Schuyler ordered the men
out to cut them off, but at the same time received news
that they were fled ; so he gave order to pursue them till
our men and stores came up, but the men wanting
provisions refused to march. The officers with 60
Christians and some Indians pursued the enemy to a
small fortification, but having no troops to engage them
left 40 men and 100 Indians to watch them, expecting our
stores next morning. Feb. 19. Our stores came in and
80 men with them. The victuals were distributed and
those first served were ordered away after the enemy with
five biscuits a man. At 4 p.m. our van came up
near the enemy's rear, and we desired the Indians to
join us in an attack while we sent word to our people
to march up with all haste. But the Indians halted
and could not be persuaded to go on. After an *
hour most of our men came up, and we went
on hoping to catch the enemy before they crossed
the river, but there being a slake of ice in one
part of the river they were over before we came up.
Camped on the bank that night. Feb. 20. Major
Schuyler resolved to cross the river, but many of the men
being weary, their shoes worn out and provisions
scarce, we could make no further pursuit. But what

8000 D

50 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

discouraged us most was the unwillingness of the Indians to
pursue or attack. We lost four privates and four Indians
killed, two officers, twelve men and Indians wounded.
Escaped prisoners reported the enemy's loss to he thirty-
three hut we found but twenty- seven, among whom were
their commandant and three other officers, and twent}^-
six wounded. We rescued between forty and fifty
prisoners, and we hear that the enemy carry thirteen
wounded with them. Copy. 1 pp. Endorsed as tlic -pre-
ceding.

179. vi. Another copy of the preceding.

179. vii. Speech of Governor Fletcher to the Indians at Albany,
25 February, 1693. You know that I came here in October
to put the frontier in a posture of defence. I come now for
your relief and have lost no time. I brought 150 men
with me ; I sent you 200 men and stores from Senectady
which with those that joined you before under Major
Schuyler would, I hoped, have cut the enemy off; and I
had 200 more men coming. I never thought that the
Maquas would be so supine as to let the French enter
their castles without resistance. In future you must keep
strict watch. I hope that my coming shews how ready
the King, my master, is to use his arms in your defence.
I have borne command under him and seen the French
fly from him ; and last summer we gained a great victory
at sea. Having come in haste I bring no presents with
me, but I hope to visit you in summer and renew the old
covenant-chain. I have ordered provisions to be given to
the Mohawks ; and you must shew that you still possess
your old courage and reputation speedily. There is some
false brother among us who betrays our plans. Bread and
beer is ready for you, and you must drink to the King and
Queen.

The Five Nations to Governor Fletcher.' ' Swift Arrow "
(for so we have named you for coming so swiftly to us),
the disaster to the Mohawks is due only to their not
hearkening to your advice. We thank you for your care
for them. You ask us to attack the enemy, but you have
lost blood as well as we, and should join us. It is our
custom first to bewail our dead. While we attack Canada
by land, we expect to hear that you will attack it by sea.
We are short of arms and ammunition, while the French
Indians are bountifully supplied. We rejoice to hear of
the King's victories, and we wish you would tell him how
easy it would be to destroy Canada. Pray send a smith to
live with us.

The Governor replied that if they would keep good
watch he doubted not that he could deal with the Governor
of Canada ; and granted their request as to the smith.

Proposals made by four of the Chief Sachems to Governor
Fletcher on 26 February, 1693. One of our men while
drunk yesterday killed an Indian deserted from the French.
Pray prohibit the sale of rum while the war lasts. We did

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

51

together.

1693.

not thank you as we wished yesterday, and desire to do so
now. We will enquire as to the French prisoners, whom
we suspect may betray us. We have had two bouts about
the priest Millet with the Oneidas and shall have a third.
Pray come when the bark is loose upon the trees, for we
have a design in hand. We apologise for the young man
who killed four horses ; it was ill done.

The Governor answered that he regretted that they should
fight one another when an enemy was in the field, that he
would do his best for their security, that he would prohibit
the sale of rum, and that he hoped they would be vigilant.
9| pp. Endorsed. Reed. 19 July, 1693.

179. vin. Another copy of the preceding.

179. ix. Address of the Mayor and Corporation of Albany
to Governor Fletcher. Thanking him warmly for his
unparalleled swiftness in coming with troops to their help ;
and asking him to order a place for convention of the
remnants of the Mohawks, and to direct the outlying
farmers to fortify themselves in companies
Copy. 2 pp. Endorsed as the preceding.

179. x. Another copy of the preceding. [Board of Trade. New
York, 5. No. 7, 7 i-x. ; and (without enclosures) 48.
pp. 19-20.]

[March 8.] 180. Pamphlet containing printed versions of Enclosures Nos.
in., v., vii., ix., of the preceding, also the examination of two escaped
prisoners and one captured prisoner as to the condition of Canada.
The -whole, 13 printed pages. Endorsed. Reed. 26 Sept., 1693.
[Board of Trade. New York, 5. No. 8.]

March 9. 181. Commissioners of Ordnance to William Blathwayt.
Forwarding account of the stores despatched to the West Indies.
Signed. C. Musgrave, John Charlton, Wm. Boulter, W. Meester.
% p. Annexed,

181. i. Account of ordnance stores despatched to the West Indies,

under orders in Council of 25 August and 20 September,

1692. [Board of Trade. Plantations General, 2.

Nos. 44, 44i. ; and (letter only] Col. Entry Bk., Vol. C.,

p. 308.]

March 9. 182. Minutes of Council and Assembly of Montserrat. On the
proposal of the Assembly, the Council consented (1) that during the
absence of the detachment now bound for the expedition against
the French, 16 of the troop be kept continually in arms to patrol
each division of the Island for seven days and nights, and then be
relieved by 16 more; also that they visit every guard nightly,
and be subject in default to the penalties of the Militia Act ; (2) that
it be lawful for such patrols on meeting negroes without their
owners' ticket, by day or night, to beat or slash them, and if
negroes be congregated to disperse them, pistolling or killing them
if need be. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XLVIII., pp. 313, 314.]

March 9. 183. Minutes of Council of Jamaica,
sworn Lieutenant-Governor. Proclamation
in their posts.

Sir William Beeston
to continue all officers

52

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

March 10. The Royal order for a new seal, and the Governor's commission
were recorded. Order for the old seal to be defaced. The Council
and Clerk were sworn. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 77. pp. 242-

244.]

March 10. 184. Information of John Stewart to Sir William Phips. That
while Richard Short was a prisoner on board ship at Cape Ann he
prevailed with informant to carry three letters to Piscataqua, one of
them to Mr. Usher, who drank Short's health, promised safety to
the ship if she had come to Piscataqua and that the deserters
from H.M.S. Nonsuch should have been sent on board. 2 pp.
[Board of Trade. New England, 6. No."38.~]

March 10. 185. Minutes of Council of New York. The Council gave it as
their opinion that the neighbouring Colonies should contribute to
the maintenance of the fort at Albany. A Committee appointed to
consider what equipages the Governor should take with him on his
next mission to meet the Indians at Albany. Letters from Con-
necticut read complaining of the arbitrary conduct of some
pretended magistrates towards the people of that Colony. Resolved
to write to them on behalf of the oppressed people, and to remind
them that though they have exacted much money they have con-
tributed nothing to the defence of the frontier. Orders for
provisioning the garrison of Albany. Grant of land to Abraham
Lockerman confirmed. Orders for sundry payments for provisions
for the late expedition. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 400,
401.]

March 13. 186. Minutes of Council of New York. William Pinhorne
recommended as Judge of the Supreme Court. Mr. Phillips
authorised to charge double toll between sunset and sunrise at
Spitendivell Bridge. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., p. 401.]

March 13. 187. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. More members of the
Council sworn. Order for issue of writs for election of an Assembly,
to meet on the first Thursday in May. William Broadrick sworn
Attorney General. Order for repair of the fortifications of Port
Royal to continue. Order that none except Councillors shall attend
Council without leave, and that people duly qualified may be
allowed to leave the Island as formerly. [Board of Trade. Jamaica,
77. p. 245.]

March 13. 188. Journal of House of Burgesses of Virginia. The
Governor sent copy of his speech, and also Peter Heyman's
petition as to the Post with the royal letters thereon, which was
referred to the Committee of Propositions. The Council's proposal
for building a new prison was referred to the same Committee.

March 14. Report of Committee of Propositions read. Resolved that
the Act for better defence of the country be continued for one year
and that a bill be prepared accordingly. Resolved to address the
Governor for a copy of the royal instructions as to free trade with
the Indians. Bill to suspend the Act for Ports ordered. Resolved
to address the Governor for a joint Committee for revision of the
laws. Address to the Governor in accordance with above resolutions.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

1693.

March 15,

March 16.

March 17.

March 18.

Order for a hill to enable the lands south of James River to the
boundaries of Carolina to be settled, and for a bill concerning foreign
corn.

The proposals concerning Rangers, received from the Council,
were considered, and it was resolved that the case is met by the
Act for better defence. Address to the Governor as to revision
of the laws, approved.

Report of the Committee of Grievances further considered. The
House presented the address of yesterday to the Governor and
reported the Governor's compliance therewith. A proposal to
address their Majesties for a grant from the quit-rents towards
support of the clergy was rejected. Resolved to request a Conference
with the Council as to outrages committed by strange Indians.
Order for a bill to prevent all trade with Indians in pork unless it
be proved that such pork was the property of the Indian town and
the swine marked as such. Bills to continue the Defence Act, to
suspend the Ports Act, and to amend the 7th Act of 1686, read a
first time.

Messages from the Governor, giving the substance of the royal
intentions to grant Virginia free trade with the Indians, and
suggesting a Conference to settle as to revision of the laws. Message
to the Governor announcing the appointment of conferrers.
Resolved that justices of the peace, being unpaid, should be
exempted from attending musters, if they be not militia officers.
Report of the Committee of Propositions further considered. Order
for a bill to amend the settling of the first day of General Courts
for the public convenience. The progress of the Conference with
the Council was reported. Order for a bill to amend the Act to
encourage the erection of mills. On Peter Heyman's petition it was
resolved to encourage the erection of a post office. Business of the
Northumberland election deferred till to-morrow.

The question of postal charges referred to the Committee of
Propositions. The conferrers reported that the Council, while
unwilling to join the Burgesses in a joint Committee for revision
of the laws, would keep a standing Committee which would be ready
to give assistance when applied to. The election for Northumberland
was then considered, and it was resolved that the present members
were not duly elected, but that John Downing and William Jones
were duly elected. A new writ requested for election of a member
for King and Queen's County, the sheriff having died suddenly.
[Col Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXV., w . 956-973.]

March 14. 189. Minutes of General Assembly of Virginia. Address from

the Burgesses undertaking to renew the Defence Act and asking as

to the Royal instructions concerning free trade with Indians.
March 16. The Burgesses attended with their address as to revision of the

laws. Answer to the address concerning free trade with Indians.

Message to the Burgesses proposing a conference as to the revision

of the laws.
March 17. Conferrers appointed. Message from the Burgesses accepting

the suggestion of a conference. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXV.,

pp. 901-905.]

54

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.
March 16. 190. Minutes of Council of Virginia. Richard Lee was sworn

of the Council.
March 17. Order that the Piscattaway Indians be not molested in crossing

the Potomac river. [Col Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXIV., pp. 795-796.]

March 13. 191. Minutes of General Assembly of Massachusetts. The
King's letter of 11 October, 1692, ordering assistance to be given to
New York, read. Order for reducing the bounds of Little Compton.

March 14. Captains Nathaniel Stanley and William Whiting from Con-
necticut were heard as to the proposals of that Government for giving
assistance in the prosecution of the war. Message to the Represen-
tatives urging speedy settlement of the regulation of the assess-
ment.

March 15. The gentlemen from Connecticut were again heard, and offered
proposals in writing. Bill for regulation of the assessment received
and detailed.

March 16. Bill for settling a tax of 30,000 read and debated.

March 17. The same bill was passed, also a bill for payment of the
Commissioners for the tax. Joseph Curtis appointed Sheriff of
York County. Assembly dissolved. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV.,
pp. 385-388.]

March 14. 192. Governor Sir William Phips to Lieutenant Governor
Boston. Usher. I have already written to you to deliver up several
deserters from H.M.S. Nonsuch, who have taken refuge in your
Government, and have given orders to the military officers to seize
them ; but I understand that you refuse to deliver them and on the
contrary protect them. I thought you would have seen your first
error in rescuing the men when seized by the purser and that you
would at my request have remembered your duty and delivered
them up ; but it is now evident that you have no sense of duty,
since you protect deserters and help them in their evil doings. For
I am advised that you warned them not to leave your Government,
lest they should be arrested. I now call upon you in their
Majesties' name to deliver up these deserters, as you will answer
the contrary. I am sorry that you force me to remind you of your
duty in this manner. Ciyty. f p. Endorsed. Reed. 24 May.
[Hoard of Trade. New England, 6. No. 39.]

March 15. 193. The Agents for Barbados to Lords of Trade and Planta-
tions. The people of Barbados have presented an address for a
regiment to be stationed there during the war, and that when any
of the regiments shall be sent home, such men as volunteer to stay
there may be allowed to stay. We have now further to represent
that during this war several French prizes have been condemned
in Barbados, but as there are no instructions to the Governor from
what fund the expense of maintaining prisoners shall be defrayed,
such prisoners are kept at the Island's expense until exchanged.
We beg you to move the King for orders on these two points.
Signed. Wm. Bridges, Ed. Littleton. 1 p. Endorsed. Reed.
15 March. Read 1 May, 1693. [Board of Trade. Barbados, 5.
No. 9 ; and Col. Entry Bk., Vol. VIII., pp. 337, 338.]

March 16. 194. Minutes of the Council of War in the West Indies. A
Barbados, letter from Governor Codrington being read, it was resolved that the

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

55

1693.

leeward part of Martinique be maintained as the place of rendezvous,
instead of Mariegalante, as proposed by Governor Codrington, first
because there is no good water at Mariegalante, and secondly because
it is doubtful whether the fleet could weather Dominica in sailing
thither. Order for the embarkation of Foulke's, Lloyds' and Baiter's
regiments at Bridgetown on the 22nd inst., and of Goodwyn's and
Boteler's at Holetown and Speightstown on the 23rd, for which Sir
F. Wheler will please give the necessary orders to the transports,
and for the whole fleet to sail two or three days later sending forward
v a light frigate to meet the Leeward Islands forces. Ordered further
that 200 muskets and ammunition be sent forthwith to Governor
Codrington, who shall be desired to give information of the time
when he will embark and to send ships to view the principal ports
of Guadeloupe, and report as to the shipping therein. Order for
hire of eighteen transports, the masters of which shall take their
orders from Sir F. Wheler. Committee appointed to consider what
further is necessary for the expedition. Colonel Foulke reported
that Commissary General Fotherby had paid away the King's money
without his orders. Resolved that Mr. Fotherby had no legal right
to do so and that he has been guilty of a misdemeanour. Ordered
that he bring his letters of credit to next Council. [Col. Entry
Bk., Vol. XII., pp. 314, 318.]

195. Minutes of Council of New York. A committee appointed
to prepare the business for next session of Assembly. Order for the
City authorities to inspect the packing of flour for the West Indies
to prevent fraud. Order for patents for land to Colonel Willett and
Daniel Shotwell.

Agreed to send Mr. Mahew at Martin's Vineyard the Council's
report on Sir W. Phip's letter and the printed Charter, to tell him
that the matter is laid before their Majesties, and to instruct him to
do nothing by Sir W. Phip's authority unless forced. [Col. Entry
Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 401, 402.]

March 17. 196. Minutes of Council of Nevis. Colonel Samuel Gardner
sworn in Lieutenant-Governor, and John Palmer sworn in as
Councillor and as Secretary. The Assembly agreed to an Act to
impress such arms as are wanting for the coming expedition. Order
for the records of the Secretary's office to be delivered to John
Palmer. The Council agreed with the Assembly to draw up a
memorial setting forth the weakness and danger of the Island while
the forces are to windward, and that the Lieutenant-Governor
should request Sir Francis Wheler to send some ships to cruise to
leeward. Act for pressing arms agreed to. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol.
XLVIIL, pp. 273-4.]

March 18. 197. The Secretary of New Hampshire to Governor Sir William
Great Island. Phips. Your letter of 14th was laid before us by the Lieutenant-
Governor. The men whom you describe as deserters have shewn
us their legal discharge from the King's service, and as they are
British subjects they ought to be protected. As to your instructions
to the military officers to arrest them, we know of no person
invested with authority to do so except those named in the King's

March 16.

March 17.

56

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

Commission of Government for this province. As to the Lieutenant-
Governor's duty, he has proceeded with honour and justice in this
matter, making the law his rule to walk by. There are many
imprudent things in your letter, which had better have been
omitted. Signed. Tho. Davis. Copy. % p. [Board oj Trade.
New England, 6. No. 39.]

March 20. 198. Governor Sir William Phips to Lords of the Treasury.
Boston. I have duly received your order for supplying the West Indian
squadron with provisions or with credit for obtaining the same, on
application of the Commanders. I shall take care that all shall be
prepared to give the said Commanders every assistance. 1 p.
Endorsed. Reed. 24 May, 1693. [Board of Trade. New England, 6.
No. 40.]

March 20. 199. Minutes of Council of New York. Resolved to instruct
the farmers of Ulster County to join their forces if they discover
any small party of Indians, and if they find a large party to retire
all of them to Kingston with their cattle and goods. Resolved also
that the towns in Ulster and Duchess County do fortify themselves.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 402, 403.]

March 20. 200. Minutes of Council of War of the West Indies. The Corn-
Barbados, mittee presented its report as to what was further needful for the
expedition. Resolved that the printed Articles of War for the King's
forces abroad be the articles for the present expedition. Order for
an appointment of an officer in each regiment to take charge of the
plunder, to whom all plunder shall be brought, under penalties, and
who shall be responsible for the same. Further orders as to the
jplunder, and rewards of the Army and the Fleet. Resolved that one
sutler be allowed to go with each regiment ; that each regiment
provide itself with three horses or asses ; that provisions be lent to
the two Barbados regiments ; that the stores in the victualling ships
be weighed and checked ; that eight sloops be impressed for the
expedition ; that if Martinique be taken or when the forces quit that
Island, the Barbados regiments shall be permitted to return home ;
that provisions be shipped on board the transports ; and that the
troops embark two days later than formerly appointed. [Col. Entry
Bk., Vol. XII., pp. 318-323.]

March 20. 201. Journal of House of Burgesses of Virginia. The Com-
mittee of Propositions brought up several bills. Order for the
house to be called over to-morrow at ten o'clock. A conference with
the Council reported as to the means of preventing outrages by
strange Indians. Bills to encourage erection of fulling mills,
concerning the marking of Indian hogs, for the advancement of
coins, and for settling lands south of James River and Pamunkey
Neck, read a first time. Report of the Committee of grievances further
considered. The Council to be asked as to the service of the
rangers, and how much of the money voted for them remains
unexpended, and as to recovery of ammunition lent to Maryland.
A Committee for revision of the laws appointed, and a further
conference with the Council on the subject requested.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

57

1693.
March 21.

March 22.

March 23.

March 24.

The Committee reported as to the Post Office and the building of
a County Prison. Bills to suspend the Ports Act, and to continue
the Defence Act, read a second time. Bill to amend Act 7 of 1686
rejected. Bills as to marking Indian hogs, to encourage erection of
fulling-mills, to settle lands south of James River, and for advance-
ment of coins read a second time. Message from the Governor
asking the Burgesses to repeat one of their verbal messages in
writing ; which was done. The question whether the erection of a
County prison was necessary was rejected. Order for a bill to
regulate postal charges. Bill for advancement of coins amended.
Bill to ascertain price of a permit read first time.

The progress of the conference as to revision of laws was
reported. Bills to suspend the Ports Act read a third time and
passed, also the bill to continue the Defence Act. Bills to alter the
first day of the General Court and for a Post Office read a first time.
Bills for marking Indians' hogs, to encourage erection of fulling
mills, for settlement of certain lands, and for advancement of coins
read a third time and passed.

The Bills passed yesterday were sent up to the Council. Bills
to ascertain the price of a permit, to alter the first day of a General
Court, and to erect a Post Office read a second time. Reports of
Committee of Grievances considered.

Order for enquiry into the authority under which Colonel
Henry Whiteing has acted as Treasurer. Conferrers having
reported the result of the Conference with the Council, the House
disagreed with the Council's proposal to enter on the revision of the
laws this session, and referred the question of revision to a com-
mittee. The three bills which were read a second time yesterday
were read a third time, passed and sent to Council. Message from
the Governor asking for particulars as to the powder lent to Mary-
land. Further reports of the Committee of Public Claims
considered. The Committee on the revision of the laws submitted
an address to the Governor, asking that the work of revising the
laws might go on after Session. Address to the Governor stating
that the powder lent to Maryland was spared on condition that it
should be repaid. Order for members absent without leave to be
taken into the custody of the Marshal. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol.
LXXXV., pp. 973-985.]

March 20. 202. Minutes of General Assembly of Virginia. A new writ
was issued for election of a burgess for King and Queen County.

March 21. Two verbal messages from the Burgesses as to the Rangers and
as to ammunition lent to Maryland not being understood were sent
up again in writing. Conferrers appointed to meet the Burgesses
on the question of outrages committed by strange Indians.

March 22. New writ for King and Queen County election issued, on
account of the sheriff's death. Order to the Auditor to report as to
the service of the Rangers, and the funds remaining to pay them.

March 23. Six bills received from the Burgesses. Report of the conferrers
as to the revision of the laws ; on which the Council decided that its
own proposal, for the laws to be revised during the present session,
is preferable to that of the Burgesses.

58

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.
March 24.

March 25.

March 21.

March 23.
March 25.

March 22.

Barbados.

March 22.

New
Hampshire.

The accounts of the Rangers and a message as to the ammu-
nition lent to Maryland, sent down to the Burgesses. Further
enquiry as to the sufferers by the outrage of strange Indians
ordered. The six hills received from the Burgesses were read a
second time. Three more bills were received from the Burgesses.

The bills for defence and for suspension of the Ports Act were
further considered. Messages from the Burgesses as to the powder
lent to Maryland ; and a further message refusing to agree with
the Council as to the revision of the laws. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXXXV., pp. 906-915.]

203. Minutes of Council of Virginia. Forms of patents for
land examined, and an alteration therein ordered, to stop the
exemption of planters from paying quit-rents for the first seven
years.

The complaints against Mr. James Boisseau heard ; and it was
ordered that he continue to be minister of St. Peter's parish, King's
and Queen's County.

Order for induction of Mr. Jacob Ware as minister of St. Peter's
parish, New Kent County. Order for a messenger to be appointed
to the Council with salary of 25 a year. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXXXIV., pp. 796-799.]

204. Minutes of the Council of War in the West Indies. Orders
for all the men to be sworn by the Muster-master when mustered ;
for pilots to be impressed and for payment to the surgeons for care
of sick men on the transports. It being represented that there were
many Irish in the Barbados regiments who might be Roman
Catholics, Lieut. -Colonel Hamilton and Colonel Salter spoke of their
good behaviour in the Leeward Islands, and it was resolved that
they could be trusted and should be employed, Colonel Foulke alone
dissenting. [Col Entry Bk., Vol. XII., pp. 323-325.]

205. The Secretary of New Hampshire to William Blathwayt.
Forwarding copies of correspondence with Sir William Phips, in
connection with the case of Captain Short. Signed. Tho. Davis.
i p. Annexed,

205. i. Governor Usher to [the Council of Massachusetts ?]
13 March, 1694. I have received a letter from Sir William
Phips, asking for the arrest of alleged deserters from
H.M.S. Monarch. The letter was laid before Council who
decided that those who could shew discharges should be
protected. Copies of the discharges of these are enclosed
to you, and I know of no more. One Matthew Gary on
the 5th inst. seized some men by force of arms, without
warrant. He is fled from justice, and as he is said to be
within your government, I must ask for him to be secured
and delivered to me. Copy.

Here follow copies of Sir William Phips's letter to John
Usher of 14 March, and of the reply of the Council of
New Hampshire of 18 March. (See Nos. 192, 197.) [Board
of Trade. New Hampshire, 1. Nos. 21, 21 1.]

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

59

1693.

March 22.

Whitehall.

March 22.

Jamaica.

206. Earl of Nottingham to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
The King has appointed Colonel Francis Russell to he Governor of
Barbados, and Colonel Kendall to be Governor of Jamaica. You
will prepare Commissions and Instructions for them. Signed.
Nottingham, %p. Endorsed. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. No A;
and 53. p. 139 ; ami Col. Entry Bk., Vol. VIIL, p. 379.]

207. Lieutenant-Governor Sir William Beeston to Earl of
Nottingham. I arrived here on the 9th. The Island is in a
ruinous condition and the people have been very sickly, but health
is perfectly recovered, and our arrival has put new life into them.
On my way down I called at St. Domingo to save the time and
expense of sending a ship up again and then writ the President and
received his answer. I enclose copies of both letters [iiiissiny'].
How I shall do for landsmen, when he sends me his desires to join
him (sic) I know not, for the earthquakes, sickness and desertion
have left the country very bare of men, but I will assist with both the
King's ships and what force else I can raise. The Mordaunt is on the
coast of Porto Bello where the Spaniards have inhumanly cut off
Captain Tristan and all his company of about fourteen persons belong-
ing to this Island. The President wrote to the Council here to excuse
himself, and I have returned him an answer, of which I enclose copy.
Tristan was undoubtedly trading on the coast, but whether that be
cause enough for them to murder him and all his men in cold blood
I leave to your Lordship. They pretend for their excuse that he
was a Frenchman, but he has been a British subject and an
inhabitant of Jamaica for many years, and his people were all
English. I shall report more fully when the Mordaunt returns.
The sloop that takes this has orders to return speedily as possible ;
I beg that she may not be stopped nor her men, who are inhabitants
here, taken from her. I have no authority to condemn prizes, and
to let men take ships and plunder them at sea is to give them too
much latitude. I spoke to you about this before I left England and
foresaw the trouble that it would cause, but the Admiralty insisted
on taking that clause out of the commission, and yet gave me no
authority about it nor about the King's ships which want money
for various necessaries. Without authority I cannot get the mer-
chants to advance the money. I shall write more at length by
next ship. Kiyned. W^m. Beeston. 1J pp. Endorsed. R. 27 May,
'93. Enclosed,

207. i. The President of Panama to the Council of Jamaica.
16-26 January, 1693. Ever since peace was made between
the two Crowns of Spain and England I have endeavoured
to preserve it, never doubting that the Government of
Jamaica would do the like. But recently a sloop has come
from Jamaica manned by Frenchmen under Captain
Tristan, with merchandise to trade on these coasts. I am
surprised that you should have permitted this breach of
the treaty. These men though bidden by the Lieutenant-
General of Porto Bello to come to him would not do so,
and he, understanding that they were French, seized the
ship. The men resisted and were all killed. I cannot
omit to point out to you the danger to which the arrival of

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

such vessels, especially manned with Frenchmen, exposes
me. Translation. 1 p.

207. ii. Sir William Beeston to the President of Panama. I
have seen your letter of 26 January to the Council defend-
ing those who cut off Captain Tristan and his company.
What his business was on the coast, I know not, but he
and all his men were British subjects, and therefore even
if they were trading I conceive that the utmost required by
the Articles of Peace is the seizure of themselves and the
condemnation of their goods. But to cut them all off in
cold blood on pretence of friendship (you must pardon me
for saying it) was sanguinary, and contrary to the good
agreement between the two Crowns. Nevertheless, being
anxious to preserve a good agreement, I shall only repre-
sent the case as I find it to the Secretary of State ; but I
beg you to be more tender lest you exasperate British
subjects beyond my power to restrain them. Still, let not
this accident terrify your men from coming hither in that
allowed concert of the Assiento, for they shall receive civil
treatment so long as they make no infraction of the peace.
Copij. 1 p. [America and West Indies. 540. Nos. 29,
29 I, ii.]

March 22. 208. Minutes of Council of New York. William Pinhorne
nominated second judge of the Supreme Court with salary of .100
a year.

March 28. Order for sundry small payments. Resolved that if a printer
settle in New York for printing of Acts etc. he shall have 40 per
annum besides private business. Order that the pieces-of-eight
shall pass for more or less value according to their weight, if Peru
at the rate of 4d. per dirt., if other pieces at the rate of 4%d. per diet.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV.,pp. 403, 404.]

March 23. 209. Lieutenant-Governor Sir William Beeston to Lords of
Jamaica. Trade and Plantations. I arrived here 011 the 9th, took the oaths
and swore in the Council. The Island is in a very mean condition.
The earthquake, sickness and desertion of discontented people have
carried off so many as to leave the Island very thin of people. The
public and private buildings are all down, and the whole country is
a melancholy prospect. Part of Fort Charles was left standing and
is almost repaired again, and a battery near it called Morgan Line
has also something preserved, so that between the two there are
nearly fifty guns mounted. But there is little of Port Royal left,
being now a perfect island of about twenty-five acres, and too
small to hold the trade and people. President White and the
Council therefore very deliberately resolved on the building of a
new tower in the main at Leganie, and gave the people all
encouragement to settle there, which they did. Nevertheless,
after the death of President White, the Council having different
interests aimed at different ends, some pretending for
Port Royal, others for other places that interested them, and
took away the public officers which they had before settled among
them. Thus at my arrival I found the people at a stand and no

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 1

1093.

provision made for the reception of themselves or of any that should
come to them ; but since I arrived they have made me an address
about it, of which I enclose a copy, shewing the advantages of the
place and their desire to be there, on which I have visited place and
people and promised them all encouragement. With this they seem
to be satisfied, and will go on with their buildings, but they seem
not to be fully pleased unless I remove all the public officers to them
from Port Royal, which I cannot yet grant ; for what fortifica-
tions remain are all there, and I cannot so discourage the
people as to make them leave those unguarded. But I am in
hopes that the trade will fall into the new town, being a place
of safety and pleasure, and very fit for it ; and that just so
many may be encouraged to remain at Port Royal as shall
suffice to man and defend Fort Charles. If you approve this
I hope you will signify your approbation, which will much encourage
the people to go on. The King's House at Port Royal is, like the
land, all under water and past recovery ; that at St. Jago has been
repaired somewhat against my coming, and I am now living there,
but it has neither kitchen, outhouses nor enclosures, and there is
no money in the Treasury, but on the contrary a large debt.
Everything is very dear, the sickness and calamities having terrified
those who used to bring provisions from New England and North
America from coming near us ; but now, blessed be God, the
country is returned to its usual health, and the people that are left
appear to wake out of a lethargy, and begin to build their houses
and sugar works. I hope by God's blessing and with your favour
that the Island will recover again, but it will be a work of time and
a great expense, and how the loss and want of people is to be
repaired during this time of war I cannot see, since so few come to
us from England. I have sent a proclamation to Petit Guavos,
Coriza and some of the North American Colonies to invite all that
have deserted to return. I enclose a copy of it.

There are two vacancies in the Council for which I recommend
Fulke Rose and Henry Low, who are men of integrity, ability and
estate. I see too plainly that if I should die, the country will fall
back into the same unsettled condition as was produced by the
diversity of interests of ten or twelve men ; so I would beg for a
dormant Commission for one of them to take my place, and would
recommend Mr. Samuel Bernard, the Chief Justice, to hold it. The
Council are of opinion that an Assembly is absolutely necessary for
the quieting and settling of all things, and I have issued writs for
one to meet on the 4th of May. The French often threaten us from
Hispaiiiola, knowing our weakness, while their small vessels cruise
on our coasts and take our small trading ships. To prevent this
we much want two fast-sailing, small fifth-rate frigates, which would
be able to follow them in shoal water, where bigger ships dare not
venture. But I have no authority to condemn prizes if taken,
which will discourage men to go and seek them. If on the other
hand they have liberty to dispose of ships without account, ill men
may take advantage of it to plunder the King's friends. I beg for
your orders herein. The officers are so much reduced by the late
calamity that many deputies of patentees will not act without taking
the whole profits of their offices. I cannot prevent it, for the whole

62

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

of the business would be neglected else. I do not know how the
patentees in England will like it, but I cannot help it. The fleet
will sail under convoy of H.M.S. .Guernsey about the 10th of May.
Signed. Wm. Beeston. 2 closely written payes. Endorsed. Reed.
27 May. Read 12 and 15 June, 93. Enclosed,

209. i. Address of certain inhabitants of Jamaica to Lieutenant-
Governor Sir William Beeston. Being driven from Port
Royal by the earthquake we settled at Kingston, as invited
and encouraged by the President and Council ; they and
all disinterested persons thinking it the best site on every
account. After the town had been surveyed and marked
out, a plan thereof drawn and all other matters settled, we
removed thither at great expense, and considering our
many difficulties and discouragements made good progress.
We hope that the unhealthiness of the place will not be
objected to, as it is well known that the late sickness was
as universal a judgment as the earthquake. Now the
sickness has ceased we may hope for a continuance of
health, a wholesome soil, sound air and plenty of good
water. Again such of us as escaped, by miracle, from the
destruction of Port Royal cannot endure the least thought
of settling on that fatal spot. The miserable remains of
that place are nothing near capable of receiving us and our
effects that are now here, much less those that we are daily
expecting from England. Again many of us have received
instructions from our principals in England not again to
trust their estates to so dangerous a foundation. We beg
you therefore to establish in their Majesties' name what
was so judiciously begun by the Council, and is now so
far advanced that it wants nothing but your favour and
encouragement. We ask you to order all ships to unload
at Kingston and all officers to reside there, with such
other directions you shall judge best. Copy. 1 pp.
Endorsed. Reed. 27 May, 1693.

209. u. Proclamation of Sir William Beeston to recall to Jamaica
all English subjects who have deserted the Island,
promising them all encouragement. Dated 14 March, 1693.
Copy. 1 p. Endorsed. Reed. 27 May, 1693. [Board oj
Trade. Jamaica, 7. Nos. 5,5i.,ii.; and (without enclosures)
53. pp. 147-152.]

March 23. 210. Abstract of the foregoing despatch of Sir W T illiam Beeston.
2^ pp. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. No. 6.]

March 23. 211. Petition of merchants and planters concerned with
Jamaica to the King. Sir William Beeston's zeal has made him
surmount all the difficulties of earthquake and sickness in Jamaica
and proceed cheerfully to the service of Goverment. We should be
discouraged from resettling our interests in the Island, but for our
confidence in his ability ; but we have now freely adventured our
estates in the task. Sir William is greatly beloved in the Island,
and his departure put him to great expense. We hear that another
person is under consideration to go out as Governor, which though
it would leave Sir William Beeston Lieutenant-Governor, would

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 03

1G93.

deprive him of all salary and power. We beg therefore that he
may be continued in the government, at least until the Island is
resettled. Tltirty-six signatories. Copy. 2 pp. Endorsed. Reed.
23 March 92-3. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. Xo. 7.]

[Mar. 23.] 212. Considerations offered as to the state of Jamaica. The
revenue of the Island consists of the quit-rents and the duty on
wines. The first charge on these is for fortifications, the next for
the Governor's salary of 2,000. Since the earthquake the revenue
is much diminished, and the whole of the fortifications require to
be reconstructed. It is submitted that it would be better to keep
Sir William Beeston as Lieutenant-Governor at 1,000 a year. I;).
Undated, [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. No. 7A.]

March 23. 213. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Thomas Neale's
patent for the post office read, also a memorial from Andrew
Hamilton as to the rates to be charged on letters. John Foster and
Peter Sergeant appointed to discuss the matter with Mr. Hamilton
and to report. Order for Nathaniel Williams, Sampson Stoddard
and Joseph Parsons to audit the accounts of the Commissaries for
War. Order for payment of 29 to Benjamin Harris for printing
the laws. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV., pp. 224-226.]

214. Extract from a letter from Boston. The settlement of
the militia has proceeded very slowly. In several counties there is
no field officer above the rank of Major; in some no commissioned
officer at all. Sir William Phips figured so well as Lord Lieutenant
of Connecticut and Rhode Island that he sent a set of Com-
missions to Colonel Sanford, with a demand (as it is said) of 50
for his clerk for writing them. The Assembly of Rhode Island
then met and issued a proclamation saying that they had never yet
seen Sir W. Phip's commissions, and that the persons he had
appointed were enemies to the country, and calling upon the people
to obey officers of their own appointing. Connecticut also refused
to appoint officers of Sir William's nomination, and the Assembly
let him know that they would abide by former arrangements until
the King's pleasure were known. In the business of Courts seven
months lapsed before any were held, and now there is nothing
but an Admiralty Court wherein the Governor once sat as judge
himself and in another case put in certain deputy-vice-admirals
who condemned ten or twelve thousand pounds without recollecting
any rights of the Crown. The witchcraft at Salem went on
vigorously during the summer, and twenty were executed and a
hundred more restrained, until at last members of Council and
Justices were accused ; and now every one is acquitted. Sir William
and Council have given the College a charter, with power to receive
gifts and confer degrees. They are proceeding to create Mather a
doctor of divinity, which by some misunderstanding is to be
obstructed. The deputies too are so displeased since Cooke's
arrival that they will allow him no salary unless he be resident,
and would have another man chosen. Sir William's salary is in
much the same state. The deputies voted him 500 per annum,
and he huffed it, so they have got their vote again and only
given him an order for 500 gratuity, alleging that there

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

March 24.

Barbados.

March 25.

Boston.

is no revenue except per annum. The Assessment must
amount to 30,000 this year, a sum very fit to be managed
by an able general for the reduction of Quebec. Sir William
gives out that he is sending Captain Short home. The
poor Captain has been a cripple in his right hand ever since he
came, owing to a wound. Sir William took a prize from him, and
Short dared not displease him by demanding his own. Since that,
Short says he has borrowed his men from time to time and now
made such a demand as would have dismantled the ship, so he re-
fused him. The Governor abused him and struck him, Short struck
him back with his left hand and tripped over a gun as he stepped
back, whereupon the Governor beat him lustily and committed him.
A quarrel of much more importance is between Phips and Governor
Fletcher. He threatened Fletcher's messenger and Fletcher him-
self, praising Leisler and so forth. It is useless to tell all.
Ex uncfiie Icon cm. Little news of the Indians, though lately they
took a sloop at Pemaquid. Since I began this Sir William has made
his pilgrimage to Khode Island and read his Commission, and re-
ceived for answer that if the province had any more to say when
the Assembly met, the Governor would write to Sir William. Sir
William has reprieved eight more persons condemned for witch-
craft. Sir E. Andros and Mr. Usher have great trouble in getting
their accounts settled. Copy. 3J pp. Endorsed. 1692-3. [Board
of Trade. New England, 6. No. 41.]

215. Minutes of the Council of War in the W T est Indies. Order
for two more transports to be hired. Resolved that the Master-
apothecary and his mates be admitted to share in the plunder.
Mr. Fotherby's petition to be admitted likewise was deferred to a
Council to be held at Martinique, when it will be easier to judge
whether his service entitles him thereto. Order for Mr. Fotherby
to give account of the money that he has received or spent in
Barbados, and that, if his health do not permit him to accompany
the expedition, he shall propose a fitting person to take his place ;
also that he leave none of the King's stores behind him, but send
them all with the fleet. Order for Lieutenant Powell to send back
to Madeira a negro and a Portuguese whom he had taken from that
Island, paying their passage and restoring to them any money that
he has taken from them. Resolved that transports containing any
lumbering goods shall not discharge them, the Council promising
to indemnify them if such cargo be damaged. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. XII. , pp. 326-329.]

216. Governor Sir William Phips to the Earl of Nottingham.
I have received the Queen's letter of 11 October, 1692, and
despatched letters accordingly to the Governors of New York, Mary-
land, Pennsylvania and Virginia for speedy agreement as to a quota
to be furnished for defence of New York. I shall do my best for the
safety of neighbouring Colonies. New Hampshire cannot be
supported except from hence, and a force of 120 men, which has been
for some months in that province, is still continued there. I hope
shortly to report any further measures as to New York. Signed.
William Phips. 1 p. Endorsed. R. May 24, '93.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

1693.

Duplicate of the foregoing. [America and West Indies. 5G1.
Nos. 32, 33.]

March 25. 217. Minutes of Council of New York. Order for a patent
for land to Hester Browne. Ordered that a new coin, known as
dog-dollars, pass current as 5s. Qd. apiece. Committee appointed to
audit Robert Livingstone's accounts. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol.
LXXV., p. 404.]

March 27. 218. The Governor of Pennsylvania to Governor Fletcher.

Philadelphia. " Gov r , the account from thee of your successes against the French
and Indian?, their complices, I do thankfully acknowledge to have
received." My congratulations. As to the burthen and hard cir-
cumstances of New York in this undertaking, we are more ready to
believe than to give you relief herein. We may and do commiserate
you, but supply you at this juncture we cannot. Our representa-
tives here have not thought fit to concur in the raising of money
either for the expenses of government or the help of our neighbours
since the proprietor's absence. I will consult the Council, but I
expect little of it. '" Thus far I am serious and plain with thee;
but by wa} T of a Rehearsal transposed I might comically represent
unto thee my personal difficulties and domestic circumstance under
this station, and so request thy candid consideration and kindness
towards me, whom a Government hath burthened but not relieved.
I hope and unfeignedly desire a sudden supersedeas &B to my present
place, and a quietus herein would be welcome unto me." Sif/ncd,
Tho. Lloyd. Holograph. I p. Endorsed. Reed. 3 June, '93, from
Colonel Fletcher. [Board of Trade. New York, 5. Xo. 9.]

March 27. 219. Minutes of the Council of War in the West Indies. Order
Barbados, for 120 to be paid for 12 asses, to carry ammunition ; for the sick
men to be left behind and for seven shillings a week to be paid for
their maintenance ; for Edmund Allen to take over the duties of
Mr. Fotherby, disabled by sickness ; for the sealing up of all un-
expended treasure for the expedition in a box ; and for the taking
up of money on such terms as can be obtained. On Mr. Fotherby 's
refusal to sign bills of exchange, as ordered, it was resolved that
he be committed to a ketch as a close prisoner, in custody of a
Serjeant and two files of musketeers. [Col. Entry 13k., Vol. XII.,
pp. 329-333.]

March 27. 220. Journal of House of Burgesses of Virginia. Committee
of the whole house on the book of claims. The allowances to
officers of the house were settled. Colonel Henry Whiteing's
commission as Treasurer examined, and a bill to appoint a
Treasurer ordered.

March 28. Resolution for exempting liquors imported for the Governor's use
from duty sent to Council. Bill to appoint Henry Whiteing
Treasurer read twice and committed.

March 29. Bill to appoint the Treasurer read a third time and sent up to
Council.

8000 E

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1698.

March 80. John White appointed a door-keeper. The bills for defence, for
suspending the Ports Act and for marking Indian hogs, returned by
the Council. The question of a bill to define qualifications of jurors
deferred to next session. The three bills sent down by the Council
agreed to as received from them ; also the bills to encourage erec-
tion of fulling mills and to ascertain the price of coasting cockets.
Bill to continue the Rangers read a first time.

March 81. Thanks voted to Mr. William Cole for his care in distribution of
the sum allowed for the Colony's affairs in London. Bill to continue
the Rangers read a second and third time and passed. The resolu-
tion as to exempting the Governor's liquors from duty was returned
from Council not agreed to. A conference requested with the
Council as to its amendments to the bill for settling lands south of
James River. Bills for advancement of coins and for appointment
of a Treasurer returned from Council not agreed to, and a con-
ference with the Council desired as to them and also as to the
Post Office bill. Conferrers appointed. The Council's amendments
to the bills for suspending the Ports Act and to ascertain the price of
cockets agreed to.

April 1. The Conference reported that the Council adhered to their
amendments to the bill for settlement of lands, and could not agree
to the bills for appointing a Treasurer and for advancement of coins.
The amendments to the Post Office bill were settled by compromise.
The Rangers bill received from Council and agreed to ; the book of
claims also received and one amendment not agreed to. Bill for
raising a public levy read the first time. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXXXV., pp. 986-996.]

March 27. 221. Minutes of General Assembly of Virginia. Bills to fix the
price of cockets, to alter the first day of the General Court and for a
Post Office read a first time. Other bills deferred till to-morrow.
The book of public claims received from the burgesses.

March 28. Bill for marking Indians' hogs agreed to ; bill for advancement of
coins rejected. Other bills deferred for further consideration.
Resolution to exempt the Governor's liquors from duty received.

March 29. Bill to suspend the Ports Act (with amendments), bill for defence
(with amendments), bill for marking hogs (without amendments)
returned to the Burgesses, also the bill as to coasting cockets, with
amendments. Bill for a Treasurer read a first time.

March 30. Bill as to fulling-mills returned to the Burgesses agreed to. Bill
for a Post Office amended. Bills for settlement of lands, and to
alter the first day for General Courts not agreed to.

March 31. The bills rejected by Council were returned to the Burgesses.
Post Office Bill returned \\ith amendments. Resolution as to
exemption of the Governor's liquors from duty not agreed to.
Message from the Burgesses as to the Council's amendments to
certain of the bills ; and a conference agreed to.

April 1. Reports of the Conferrerrs as to the various bills. The book of
claims and the bill for Rangers returned to the Burgesses with
amendments ; the former of which were not accepted but the latter
agreed to. [Col Entnj Bk., Vol. LXXXV., pp. 915-932.]

March 28. 222. Minutes of Council and Assembly of Montserrat. Order
for the Commander-in-Chief to billet the men on duty for defence

AMEPJCA AND WEST INDIES.

(57

1693.

March

st -
, op

of the Island, being one third of the entire force. [(W. Entry ]!!,-.
TW. XLVIII., i>. 814.]

28. 223. Certificate of the Lieutenant -Governor that Captain

William Mead was a member of Council of St. Christophers, that
eih. | ie commam { ec j a company of foot when the French took the Islam' 1 ,

and that he acquitted himself well in both stations. Hir/ncd.

Tho. Hill. I p. Endorsed. Eec. 2 Nov., '98. [Board of Trade.

Leeward Islands, 4. J\'o. 11.]

March 29. 224. Captain Fairfax, E.N., to the Admiralty. The severe
Boston. usage with which Captain Short has met from the Governor obliges
me, as a brother officer, to write on his behalf. Captain Short in
the fall of the year was from some private pique (as is supposed)
ordered to lie up with H.M.S. Nonsuch at Pemaquid. I sounded
the place with him, and found that it was impossible for him to
winter there without certain ruin to the ship from touching the
ground or the ice. This was the general opinion of the masters
here and of his own officers, who were about to protest against it ;
but the Governor on further consideration laid her up at Boston,
and requested Captain Short to send thirty men in country sloops
with stores to Pemaquid, which the men voluntarily did, rather
than hazard a King's ship. Since then some friends of the
Governor having occasion to man a merchantman for a short voyage-
asked Captain Short to spare them some men while his ship was
laid up, which he declined to do until they influenced the Governor
to request him, saying that the voyage was short and would be a
kindness to his men as well as to them, and promising never to
thwart him with it. The ship sailed, and then the Governor
ordered him to send four more men with the sloop Mary for
Pemaquid, and 36 more for other service. Captain Short refused,
for the men were unwilling and those that had already sailed were
not yet returned. On this the Governor flew into a passion and
gave him the lie, calling him lubber, rascal, etc. and laid him over
the pate. Captain Short returned the blow with his left hand (his
right hand being lame) but the Governor got him down and beat
him most severely, breaking his head. He then went on board the
ship and dispossessed him, putting the gunner in command and
obliging the officers by threats to obey him. He then made out n
mittimus and confined Captain Short to the common, nasty gaol,
under such severe restraints, to my knowledge, as were more fit
for the worst of villains than for a gentleman holding the King's
Commission, barring him all help from friends or servants. Captain
Short being much indisposed by ill lodging and the extreme cold, I
waited, at his request, with two other gentlemen of considerable
estates on the Governor, asking that he might be enlarged on their
bail. The Governor refused, saying that Captain Short was lucky
not to be laid in a dungeon in irons; and he also refused, though
frequently requested by the most eminent gentlemen and merchants
of the place, to give him some warmer lodging. I then went to the
judge for a habeas eorpus, which he was inclined to grant, when the
Governor suddenly removed him to Castle Island, about a league from
the town, where he is again deprived of any opportunity of settling
his business or preparing his defence. The Governor said that he

68 COLONIAL PAPEKS.

1693.

should bo sent away in a day or two, which is now near two months
since. I am well assured that Captain Short has behaved himself
with great civility to Sir William Phips both during his passage and
since then on shore, but has never met with other return than hard
usage, though wanting not for large promises. I remember that
when I first came to the country it was common report that Sir
William Phips had threatened him with his cane. I have never
seen Captain Short guilty of neglect of duty or breach of orders,
though 1 am told that the Governor lays breach of orders to his
charge. When we were lying at Pemaquid to cover the building of
the fort the pilots gave us a written certificate that we could
not safely stir from thence at that season of the year with less
than nine days' provisions, and we had not so much left. Had
we stayed we should have taken an unanswerable risk both of ships
and men. This usage of the Governor has encouraged the people
to uncivil behaviour, which cannot be excepted by the civillest
deportment imaginable. Siyned. Robert Fairfax. Copy. '2% pp.
Endorsed. Reed. July, 1693. From my Lord Falkland.

Another copy of the above. Endorsed. Reed, at the Committee
15 Jan., 1693-4. [Board of Trade. New England, 6. Nos. 42, 43.]

[March.] 225. Captain Richard Short, R.N., to the Admiralty. I have
given account of my proceedings until my last voyage to Pemaquid,
where I lay with H.M.S. Conception until w r e had but five days'
provisions left. On arriving at Boston we could get provisions only
from hand to mouth, and in October I was ordered to Pemaquid
again, though, on the risk being pointed out, I was allowed to lay
up at Boston. I supplied thirty men for two sloops going with
stores to Pemaquid, though I had lost my best bower anchor and
great part of the cable on the former voyage, the Governor being
then on board and so advising the pilot that he nearly lost the ship.
Since then he has taken a grudge against me for asking for anchor
and cable and for conveniences for sick men, and also for giving
him an item of his generosity to me who took him and his retinue
first to New England and then to eastward, giving up to them my
cabin and finding them their table at great cost and charge,
though I was then in danger of losing my right hand.
For speaking about these things he has several times abused
me and threatened to break my head, and on the 4th of
January he knocked me down and as I lay broke my head, which is
very generous of a gentleman, I being sick for many days before
and lame in my right hand. Afterwards he sends me to prison
among witches, villains, negroes and murderers, where I lay for
seventeen days in an open cold room in the worst of weather, so
sick that I was like to die. He would suffer none of my friends to
come near me, though most people in the town railed against him
for this inhumanity and though the merchants offered sufficient
bail. Afterwards he moved me to Castle Island, where I now am.
On the 4th January he appointed the Gunner, Thomas Dobbins, to
be captain of the ship, over the head of the lieutenant, though an
ancient man and an old lieutenant, whereas Dobbins can hardly
write his name and has never been in any engagement. I am not
the first of the King's Captains to be abused in New England,

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

1693.

March 29.

March 29.

Portsmouth.

Captain John Wybourn was set upon in the street and barbarously
treated. Captain John George was falsely calumniated and
imprisoned, so also was Captain George St. Lo, who hardly dared
venture ashore without a guard, so likewise Captain Moule ; and Sir
Robert Robinson can tell you how I was abused when I asked for
an anchor and cable. Captain Fairfax too is daily threatened to
have his head broken. I have made it my whole care to do my
duty and observe all lawful orders, yet cannot be free from the fate
that all other of the King's Commanders have suffered. \\ pp.
Unsigned. Endorsed. Reed. 15 Jan., 1693-4.

3|- pp. Endorsed.
[Board of Trade.

Reed, from my
New England, 6.

hanged. Certified copij. 2 pp. Endorsed. Reed.
[Board of Trade. New York, 5. No. 10.]

Copy of the foregoing,
lord Falkland. July, 1693.
Nns. 44, 45.]

226. Minutes of a Court Martial held at Albany. Major
Richard Ingoldsby was President. John Suddeck, private, of
Major Ingoldsby 's Company, was charged with desertion. The
defence was that the prisoner wished to get back to England to
his wife, since he had been enlisted for three years only and had
served for longer than that time. He was found guilty and
sentenced to be

26 Sept., 1693.

227. James Blair to [Earl of Nottingham?]. Thinking the
public peace of the Colony wherein my lot is cast to be endangered
by Colonel Nicholson's temper T wrote to Mr. Blathwayt about it,
who communicated the letter to you; and accordingly I find that
Colonel Nicholson is stopped. I think this much better than to
send him to Virginia, unless some care had been taken first to
modify his mind by bettering his circumstances ; but I hasten to add
that I know nothing worse against him than I have written, and
that I do not believe he has any design of exciting any commotion.
He has not written a line to Virginia but sends formal messages of
service to his friends, desiring them not to write to him. This does
not look like a man who would work against the Government. The
only ground of my fear about him was that he was exceedingly
angry that any one should be set over his head in Virginia, where
he thought that his behaviour had earned him the government if it
fell vacant, and especially Sir Edmund Andros, against whom he
has a particular pique on account of some earlier dealings with him.
In short I thought that if these two as Governor and Lieutenant-
Governor would divide the Colony into two parties, and if Nicholson's
party proved the bigger it could not be foreseen how far a mien so
soured and discontented might go, even though he might wish to
keep the people peaceable. I find him very apprehensive himself of
the difficulty of his circumstances between the love of the people
and the jealousy of the Government. I write thus minutely to shew
that though Nicholson is discontented he is no enemy to the Govern-
ment, and I doubt not that you are sufficiently sensible of his care
and integrity while he held the Government of Virginia to think
him worthy of a like post in another Colony or of a better salary if
he be continued in his present office. I should be _ sorry if what T
formerly wrote should givei a worse character of him than is true

70

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

and just, or should hinder encouragement or reward to one who
deserves it as well as any Governor that ever was in America.
Signed. James Blair. 3 pp. [America and West Indies. 638.
No. 8.]

March 30. 228. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Agreed to
recommend to the General Assembly the acceptance of Mr. Andrew
Hamilton's proposed rates of postage, viz. letters from beyond sea,
kL per packet, and if delivered at the parties' houses after forty
eight hours' lying at the Post Office Id. in addition ; to or from
Rhode Island to Boston, 6(7. per single letter ; to or from Connecticut
(by the post-road) 9<7. ; to or from New York 12(7. ; to or from
the Jersies or Pennsylvania 15(7. ; to or from Virginia and
Maryland 24 d.; to or from Salem, 3d., and the towns eastward of
Salem 4(7. ; to or from Piscataqua 6(7. All further letters to go free,
and the post to pass all ferries free of charge. Report on
John Usher's accounts to be confirmed. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXIV., pp. 226-228.]

March 30. 229. Minutes of Council of New York. Letters to the Governor
from the King and from Sir William Phips read, and an answer to the
latter ordered. Audit of the accounts of Governor Sloughter as to
s61,120 grant to him, returned. Copy to be furnished to Madam
Sloughter if desired. Orders for payments. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol.
LXXV.,p. 405.]

March 30. 230. Order of the King in Council. Referring the petition of
Lord Mayor, Sir John Fleet, and others to Lords of the Treasury
for report. Signed. Wm. Bridgeman. Below, Minute of the
Secretary to the Treasury, 3 April, 1693. Referring the same to
the Commissioners of Customs. Signed. Hen. Guy. Enclosed,
230. i. Petition of Sir John Fleet and others to the King. For
payment of the hire of the ship Joseph, which was im-
pressed by Lord Inchiquin, and did good service against
the French. Copy. ^ p. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7.
Nos. 8, 8 i.]

231. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. That the
King be moved to send a fifth-rate frigate to guard the coast of
New York, and to order payment of the arrears due to the two
New York Companies. {Board of Trade. New York, 48. p. 15.]

April 1. 232. Minutes of Council of Nevis. Walter Symonds's Com-
mission as President of the Island read. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. XLVIII., pp. 273, 274.]

April 3. 233. Minutes of Council of Virginia. James Mings ordered to
attend on the 20th with the papers as to the survey of Pamunkey
Neck. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXIV., p. 799.]

April 3. 234. Journal of House of Burgesses of Virginia. Additions
were inserted in the book of claims. Message from the Council
withdrawing their amendments to the book of claims and sending
down the accounts of the impost on liquors. Bill for a public levy
read twice more and passed and sent to Council. The roll of the

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 71

1693.

Acts was then sent up to the Council, and the house presently
attended the Governor in obedience to his summons. [Col. Entry
Bk., Vol. LXXXV., pp. 996-998.]

April 3. 235. Minutes of General Assembly of Virginia. Bill for a public
levy received and passed. The Governor assented to the following
Acts (1) to suspend the Ports Act (2) for marking Indians' hogs
(3) to encourage erection of fulling mills (4) to fix the price of
coasting cockets (5) to encourage erection of a Post Office (6) to
continue the Rangers (7) to raise a public levy. The Assembly
was then dissolved. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXV., pp. 932-934.]

April 3. 236. Minutes of Council of New York. William Pinhorne,
Chidley Brooke and John Lawrence sworn judges of the Supreme
Court. Order for audit of the accounts of four companies of
fusiliers and other expenses claimed by Robert Livingstone. [Col.
Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., p. 406.]

April 3. 237. Governor Sir William Phips to Lords of Trade and Planta-
Boston. tions. I have given a particular account to Mr. Blathwayt of my
stopping a supposed witchcraft, which had proved fatal to many,
had not a speedy end been put thereto, of my suspension of Captain
Short, and of the condition of New Hampshire and Rhode Island. I
have also sent home our laws, but I would ask you to take into con-
sideration that I have no salary settled nor intended here. Letters
as to the quota of men for New York have already been sent to the
neighbouring Colonies. I have no account of French or Indians
advancing on Albany, except what comes by uncertain reports. I
have caused the inhabitants of Port Royal to renew their oath of
allegiance, and about three weeks since sent them a supply of pro-
visions to encourage their loyalty. There were two French men-of-
war on the coast in October, but I hear from Port Royal that they
have gone to France. Fort Pemaquid is finished, and I under-
stand from some redeemed captains that it is a great check on the
Indians, and that my destruction of their corn last year put them in
a miserable condition for the winter. I design immediately to
settle two more forts to eastward. The Indians begin to appear on
our frontiers in small parties, but I have sent two or three hundred
men to drive them away. As soon as I receive your directions I
shall make some proposals as to providing naval stores and other
things of the kind. If such produce be encouraged there may well
be enough supplied for the Royal Navy, and I shall study that it
may be done at cheaper than the ordinary rates. I have informed
the Admiralty that I can do the duty of H.M.S. Conception
in defending the province at half the expense, for I have
built a yacht of J.50 tons for that special purpose, which
quite answers my expectations. She has eighteen guns and
six patararoes, and can follow French privateers where ships of
greater burden cannot. I beg that, if possible, she may be kept on
their Majesty's pay as a sixth-rate for six months in the year, and
be employed by me in the winter. H.M.S. Conception may
then be moved to another station, where she can do better service.
I have dissolved the General Assembly and ordered the Secretary
to send you the Minutes. I have erected Naval Offices in Boston

72

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

[April 3.]

April 4.

H.M.S.

Nonsuch,
Boston.

April 4.

Boston.

April 4.

Plymouth.

April 4.

April 4.

April 4.

and other convenient places for enforcement of the Acts of Trade
and Navigation. The people, except a few disaffected subjects who
were active in the late revolution, are well satisfied with the gov-
ernment ; and if another attack in Canada be ordered, their zeal
and loyalty will sufficiently appear. Signed. William Phips.
% pp. [Board of Trade. New England, 6. jVo. 46 ; and Col. Entry
Bk., Vol. LXII., pp. 423-426.]

238. Petition of Governor Sir William Phips to the King.
That a salary may be appointed for him and the royal commands
respecting the same signified to the Assembly of Massachusetts.
Signed. William Phips. 1p. [Board of Trade. New England, 6.
No. 47.]

239. Lieutenant Hore, R.N., to Mr. Sotherne. Owing to a
quarrel on the 4th of January, Sir William Phips dispossessed
Captain Short of the command of this ship and put the gunner
in command, ordering myself and all the officers to obey him, though
my instructions appoint me, as lieutenant, to take command in such
an event. I have served the Crown for thirty years, in several
engagements, and as a lieutenant since 1678, nor have I ever heard
of any complaint against me. As for the gunner I never heard of
his serving in any ship before the Nonsuch. Pray procure me
redress of this injustice. Signed. Abraham Hore. 1 p. Endorsed.
Reed. 15 Jan. 1693-4, at the Committee. [Board of Trade. New
England, 6. No. 48.]

240. Governor Sir William Phips to Lords of the Admiralty.
Reporting that he has built a yacht which will more efficiently do
the work of H.M.S. Conception, and begging that she may be taken
unto the King's service for six months, and the Conception employed
elsewhere. Signed. William Phips. 1 p. Endorsed. Reed.
15 Jan. 1693-4.' [Board of Trade. New England, 6. A T o. 49.]

241. Formal protest of William Lovell and Philip and Robert
Willcocks of Plymouth, merchants, against the seizure of the ship
Fortune, in Virginia. 2 pp. Endorsed. Reed. 1 May, 1693.
[America and West Indies. 638. No. 9.]

242. Petition of Sarah Brookhaven and others to Lords of
Trade and Plantations. That their rights to certain lands in
Barbados may not be impeached or prejudiced by certain proceed-
ings on the part of John Kirton, who is endeavouring to procure an
Act upsetting former settlement of the same under colour of the
authority of the Council and Assembly. 1 p. Endorsed. Presented
4 April, 93. [Board of Trade. Barbados, 5. No. 10.]

243. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. A paper of
proposals for the charter of Sir Matthew Dudley's Company was
read, and the Attorney General's report thereon being heard, it was
ordered that a copy of the report be delivered to the petitioners.
[Board of Trade. New England, 35. Pp. 20, 21.]

244. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Orders given
for the preparation of commissions and instructions for Governors
Russell and Kendall.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

101)3.

April 5.

April 5.

Weathers-
field,
Connecticut.

April 5.
April 6.

April 6.
Boston.

The proposals of Sir Matthew Dudley's Company considered, and
order given thereon.

Petition of Sarah Brookhaven read. Mr. Brookhaven to have
notice when the Act, of which she complains, comes before the
Committee.

Agreed that there is no need for any further embargo. Ordered
that Governor Russell have a copy of Governor Kendall's instruc-
tions, and Governor Kendall's agent of Governor Beeston's
instructions. [Board of Trade. Journal, 7. pp. 174-178.]

245. Ger shorn Bulkeley to Governor Fletcher. I think it my
duty to report to you what has lately happened here in Connecticut
contrary to the peace of the people, in contempt of Their Majesties'
Government, and to the extirpation of liberty and property. As
we rarely have ships passing from hence to England, I beg you to
forward it to Their Majesties by first conveyance, unless their orders
for a settlement should render this unnecessary. Signed. Gershom
Bulkeley. Annexed,

Address of Gershom Bulkeley to the King and Queen. On the
8th of March last five persons were imprisoned, without precept or
mittimus, but by the simple mandate of Peter Blin and John Francis,
constables, for refusing to pay their country rates. Next day the
prisoners sued out a habeas corpus, but the General Court had
authorised constables to levy on the estates of those who refused to
pay rates, or in default of estate (which is not the case with these
five persons) to put them in gaol. The prisoners then complained
to me as a justice of the peace, and I issued a warrant for their
release on their finding sureties to appear and answer any charge,
taking particular pains to convince the gaoler of its legality. The
gaoler however shewed it to his masters who issued a contrary
warrant. One of the prisoners now bought his release, but the
rest were very ill treated, being shut up in a noisome place with
felons and murderers until the 24th March, when they W 7 ere delivered
on composition with the gaoler. Then the Governor and Council
summoned me before them, and on my non-attendance sent a
capias that I might be taken by force, but the marshal despite
some threats left me alone. So the matter rests at present ; but
this suffices to show the resistance of this arbitrary government to
your royal authority, tiifjiicd. Gershom Bulkeley. The whole,
lpp. Endorsed. Reed.' 4 Oct., 1693. [Board of Trade. New
York, 5. No. 11.]

246. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. A full Council to be
called for the 12th, for the settlement of Mr. John Usher's accounts.

Instrument to secure interest and security to the Councillors who
have advanced money to the public, signed. Elisha Hutchinson
and John Walley appointed to manage the sources of revenue thus
guaranteed. Bartholomew Gidney, Elisha Hutchinson and John
Walley to be the Committee for managing the war. Order for
payment of sums due for military service and for salaries of officers.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV., pp. 228-230.]

247. Governor Sir William Phips, to the Earl of Nottingham.
I have in another letter given my reasons for suspending Captain

74 COLONIAL PAPEES.

1693.

Richard Short, hut these are but a small part of what I might say
were I actuated by so much malice as he and his advisers. I put
him on hoard a ship, Jeremiah Toy, master, and he should long
ago have reached London, but that Toy has lingered so long on the
coast to pick up deserters from the Nonsuch, using every endeavour
to get them and giving me much trouble to prevent him. I have
been thwarted also by others who should have done better service.
Several men have deserted the Nonsuch to go in Toy's ship, and,
that they might be secure, Mr. John Usher has protected them in
New Hampshire. I sent letters to demand them and to the purser of
the Nonsuch to seize them, but they were rescued out of his hands
by Mr. Usher, and that they might be the better protected he
obtained an order for their protection from the Council, on the
ground that they had been discharged by Captain Short, though
such discharge, being subsequent to his suspension, was invalid.
The owner of the ship, Mr. Nathaniel Bye, a Boston merchant, also
furnished the deserters with money and horses to proceed to
Piscataqua. He then gave the ship orders to go round to Piscataqua
and make a signal for the men to be sent ashore. The ship put in
at Cape Ann, but Mr. Usher bade her come on to Piscataqua, Cape
Ann being in this Government. I know this to be true by letters
found on Mr. Usher's messenger. I also arrested the master, for
thus weakening the King's ships, but the owners sent another
master on board who took the ship to Piscataqua to take in the
deserters. I sent the purser of the Nonsuch to demand them again,
but he was at once seized under a warrant of Mr. Hincks, the
president (during the absence of Mr. Usher at Boston) and
kept a prisoner for several days until the ship sailed. The
purser sent a sloop after her (for she had not dared to
pass the fort) which brought her in again. The Governor
gave me an account of this by land and I then went to
Piscataqua myself to check these irregular proceedings. When
I came into the river, Toy, Short and the deserters at once
went on shore before I could come up with them, whereupon I went
ashore myself and desired to speak with the President but was
refused. I also required Toy to produce Captain Short, but he would
not, being encouraged by the Government and by the owner, who
was then at Piscataqua. I then took from Toy my warrant to
transport Short to England and twice sent to the President for a
warrant for his arrest as an absconded prisoner, but he refused to do
so or to deliver him up, and then I was obliged to retire to Boston,
leaving Short and the deserters under the protection of the Govern-
ment. Before my departure I caused my Commission to be read in
public, that they might obey the royal commands as to the militia,
but the President refused to hear it. I then w r ent to the fort to view
it and sent to the President to acquaint him of my intention, but
he refused to answer and sent an order to the captain to deny me
admittance, which he did by closing the gate and sending a corporal
with a file of musketeers to warn me that by the President's order
he would not admit me. Four gentlemen of our Council can vouch
for the truth of this. Signed. William Phips. 2 pp. Endorsed.
B. 24 May, '93.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

1(593.

April G.

April 6.

Whitehall.

April 6.

Whitehall.

April 6.

April 7.

Duplicate of the foregoing. [America and West Indies. 561.
Nos. 34, 35 ; and (entered as addressed to William Blathtraut) Col.
Entry Bk., Vol. LXII., pp. 430-435.]

248. Governor Sir William Pbips to Lords of the Admiralty.
Identical with the preceding. Endorsed. Reed. 15 Jan. 1693-4.
[Board of Trade. New England, 6. Xo. 50.]

249. Order of the Privy Council. Referring the petition oi
Sir Matthew Dudley and others to Lords of Trade and Plantations
for report. Signed. Win. Bridgeman. -J p. Annexed,

249. i. Petition of Sir Matthew Dudley and others to the Queen.

In 1688 and 1691 we prayed for a charter of incorporation
to work minerals in New England, and on 7 July, 1692, a
warrant for passing Letters Patent to us was actually
ordered, hut was delayed owing to another petition,
submitted in ignorance by others of our body. We beg
that we may be incorporated according to two Orders in
Council already passed in March and July, 1692. 1 p.
[Board of Trade. New England, 6. Xos. 51, 51 i. ; and- 35.
pp. 21-24.]

250. Order of the Privy Council. Referring two addresses from
New Hampshire to Lords of Trade and Plantations for report.
Sif/ned. Wm. Bridgeman. \ p. Annc.rcd,

250. i. Addresses of the General Assembly of New Hampshire to

the King and Queen. We thank you for the supply of
guns and ammunition, and beg to lay before you our
deplorable state owing to the present war. Without the
help of Massachusetts we could not defend ourselves, and
we are not able to support a distinct Government. We
beg therefore to be annexed to Massachusetts. Signed.
Richard Martin, Speaker. Cop//. 1 p.

250. n. Address of certain inhabitants of New Hampshire to the
King and Queen. To the same effect as No. i. 232
signatures. Copy. 2 pp. The ichole endorsed. Reed.
Sept. 14, 1695. [Board of Trade. New Hampshire, 1.
Nos. 22, 22, i., n. ; and Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXVII.,
pp. 214-219.]

251. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. In consequence of a
landing of French privateers at Port Antony, ordered that a sloop
be forthwith pressed and manned. Order for there to be one
Commission of the Peace for the four parishes on the north side of
the Island. The members of Council signed the test. Peter
Beckford, Francis Blackmore, Charles Knight, and Thomas Sutton
sworn justices for the whole Island. [Board oj Trade. Jamaica, 77.
p. 246.]

252. Lords Proprietors of Carolina to Governor Philip Ludwell.
Repealing all laws relating to the Courts of Judicature or in
alteration of the forms of proceedings from those observed under
the government of Joseph Moreton and James Colleton. All
bills relating to such matters and to matters of election to the
Assemblies shall remain unpublished and not become law until

76 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

confirmad by the Proprietors. Signed. Craven, Ashley, John
Archdale for Thomas Archdale, Tho. Amy, P. Colleton. [Col.
Entry Ilk., Vol. XXII., p. 220.]

April 7. 253. Warrant of Lords Proprietors of Carolina. Repealing an
Act to provide indifferent jurymen. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XXII.,

p. 221.]

April 7. 254. Minutes of Council of New York. Resolved to admit a
pirate ship that had surrendered, to the benefit of the Act con-
cerning pirates. The Governor produced his patent for the
Government of Pennsylvania and Newcastle, whither William
Nicolls and Chidley Brooke offered to accompany him forthwith.

April 8. Committees appointed to report as to the capacity of the
province to supply flax, hemp and naval stores, and to consider
what may be done for supply of the Commissaries of Sir F. Wheler's
expedition. Resolved to prosecute the lands of sundry people who
have left Staten Island to escape payment of taxes and to issue a
proclamation requiring them to return. 6 granted to a soldier
wounded in the late expedition. Patent for land granted to John
Stillwell. Warner Wessells and Antie Christiani authorised to
collect charity to pay their ransom to the Bailee Rovers. Sundry
orders as to Robert Livingstone's accounts. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXXV., pp. 406-408.]

April 10. 255. Minutes of Council of New York. Order for payment of
=200 for the Governor's expenses in his journey to Pennsylvania ;
and for other smaller payments. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV.,
p. 408.]

April 10. 256. Warrant of Lords Proprietors of Carolina. Disallowing
an Act of 1692 to regulate elections of Members of Assembly.
Sif/ned. Craven, Ashley, P. Colleton, Tho. Amy. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. XXII., p. 224.]

April 10. 257. Warrant of Lords Proprietors of Carolina. Authorising
Philip Ludwell to commission a Chief Judge and four justices for trial
of cases in any county which has a sufficient number of freeholders,
and to remove them at pleasure. Signed as the prccedinq. [Col.
Entry Bk., Vol. XXII., p. 226.]

April 11. 258. Lieutenant-Governor Usher to Lords of Trade and Planta-
Boston. tions. I came to Boston, understanding that ships were sailing to
England. Though I have repeatedly written to Sir William Phips
for men to garrison the fort and defend the country, I have been
unable to obtain any. He accommodated Mr. Moody, Vaughan,
and Walderne with twenty-four men. I am sorry that one holding
the King's Commission as Commander-in-chief should be judged
unworthy by Sir William Phips to command and post his soldiers.
To my own mind, the placing of men at Major Vaughan's disposal
is only for an inlet to seize the Government, and thereby to usurp
powers contrary to the King's Commission ; and the following are
my reasons. Sir William Phips, in his letter of 14 March (of
which copy is enclosed), gave orders to the militia at the Bank to seize
some persons whom he pretended to be deserters. I did not know

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 77

1G93.

before that he could pretend to command the militia or could
order militia-officers to meddle in civil affairs. As to Sir William's
regard for his duty to their Majesties, his actions in time will show;
but for a private subject to use the King's name and command a
Government at their peril to obey, is a thing beyond my reach. It
looks as if he had taken upon him the powers vested in your Lord-
ships. Major Vaughan is the officer to whom he gave this order,
and Vaughan is the man who must command the twenty-four men,
I presume, to enforce Sir William's orders. As to the pretended
deserters, they were all called before the Council, who judged their
clearings to be correct and themselves to deserve protection. Their
mind is expressed in their answer to Sir William's letter. After I
had been some time at Boston, Sir William goes away privately to
New Hampshire, without acquainting his Council or myself so that
I might have given him satisfaction. Had I acted in his
Government as he has in mine, I should expect to be
called upon by you to answer for my conduct. On the 28th
of March, with his flag of Vice-Admiral flying (though outside
his jurisdiction of Vice-admiralty) he boards a ship in har-
bour, breaks open a cabin-door, and carries off a trunk and
chest with him to Boston, never applying to anyone in authority for
a warrant. How far this conduct conflicts with the law, I leave you
to judge. He then issues a warrant for the arrest of certain
subjects, declaring himself to be in his government and to hold a
commission of vice-admiralty for the place. The President
thereupon summoned the Council, who recorded their opinions on
this matter. Now for a Government to have two heads is unnatural,
and those of the Council who are legal subjects are so uneasy that
they have asked for dismission, which I cannot grant. No Governor
is safe if another Governor can enter his Government and issue
warrants without special authority from the King. Sir William has
not taken care of the King's subjects as he pretends. Before my
arrival he took the people out of the frontier-towns, leaving none in
their room, but visited not the garrisons, nor the lakes, nor took care
for the King's fort. This is his care for matters relating to militia.
He acts without his Council's advice, and such things are done that
I judge you will hear by next ships that New Hampshire and
Massachusetts are at civil war. If it be for the King's service to
have the overthrow of Kingly Government carried on in his name,
I leave to your consideration. It is no ways delightful to me to be
always writing grievances, but I hope that these may be redressed.
Unless the King appoint another Governor nothing but ruin and
misery is likely to befall the province. I beg for your order
also for payment to me of the balance shewn by my accounts to be
due to me. Signed. John Usher. Holograph. '2pp. Endorsed.
Reed. 24 May. ' Read 12 June '93. Annexed,
258. i. Copy of Sir William Phips's letter to Lieutenant-Governor

Usher. 14 March, 1693 (ace \o. 192). p. Endorsed.

Reed. 16 June, '93.
258. n. Copy of the reply of the Council of New Hampshire to

Sir William Phips. 18 March, 1693 (see No. 197).

Endorsed. Reed. 16 June, '93.

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

258. in. Minutes of Council of New Hampshire. 10 March,
1693. Giving the decision of the Council to protect the
men claimed by Sir William Phips, and copies of the
discharge of two of them. 1 p. Endorsed an the
preceding.

258. iv. Thomas Davis to Lieutenant-Governor Usher. Great
Island. 30 March, 1693. On Tuesday last Sir William
Phips entered this river with about twelve hands, and at
once boarded Captain Toy's ship. He then sent ashore to
ask Mr. Hindis and Captain Toy to come aboard. Hincks
sent word that he was to be found at home if Sir
"William had anything to say to him. Sir William after
trying to obtain the key of the cabin without success, went
ashore with all his company for the night. Next morning
he asked Mr. Hincks to call a Council to have his com-
mission read, which Mr. Hincks agreed to do, and to give
him notice of the meeting. At noon Sir William boards
Toy's ship, breaks open the cabin and carries Captain
Short's trunks and chest ashore. He also asked Toy for
the packets that he had delivered to him and to see the
warrant that he had given him to carry Captain Short.
Toy declined to part with it but allowed Sir William to
see it, whereupon Sir William tore off his name and seal.
Toy took them up, but was obliged by threats to give them
up, and Captain Byfield coming in took away the warrant.
Sir William then issued a new warrant directing Toy to
give Short up to him, but Toy declined, as he had given
Short a copy of the original warrant, and also doubted
Sir William's authority in another Government. To-day
the Council met and gave Sir William notice, but he never
came, and after waiting three hours the Council rose.
Just as we were leaving, Jackson came up to demand Short
or a warrant to search for him, but Mr. Hincks told him
that he was too late. Toy petitioned the Council as to the
breaking into his ship, etc., but was referred to his legal
remedy. It was moved in Council whether Sir William
Phips should not be called to account for claiming
jurisdiction out of his Government, but as no harm had
been done, it was decided not to do so. 2 pp. Endorsed.
llecd. 24 May, '93.

258. v. Another copy of the preceding. Endorsed. P^ecd. 15
June, '93.

258. vi. Copy of Jeremiah Toy's petition for redress for his treatment
by Sir William Phips. 1 p. Endorsed. Ptecd. 16 June, '93.

258. vii. Thomas Davis to Lieutenant-Governor Usher. Great
Island, 31 March, 1693. The sloop not being gone, I
must inform you that about 10 o'clock this morning Sir
William came from the bank in his pinnace with a trum-
pet sounding and landed at West's. The sloop at once
went out, as also did the pinnace, and Sir William Phips
sent word to Mr. Hincks that he had a mind to see the
fort. Mr. Hincks answered that unless Sir William paid
him the due respect of a visit he would neither come to him

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 79

1698.

nor admit him to the fort. Sir William sent to demand
Captain Short, but was told that he must now wait till the
Council met again. Sir William then went to the new
ship hoping to see Mr. Hincks, but Air. Hindis stayed
within. He then went to the fort, but was stopped by a
guard by Captain Walton's order. Sir William departed
saying that Captain Walton should not long be Captain of
the fort, and sailed away. 1 p. Endorsed. Reed. 24
May, '93.

258. vui. A copy of the preceding. \_Koard of Trade. New
Hampshire, 1. Nos. 23, 23 i.-vin. ; and (icitltoiit en-
closures') Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXVIL, }>}>. 222-224.]

April 10. 259. Governor Kendall to Earl of Nottingham. Since the
Barbados, fleet's arrival the time has been wholly spent in preparations for
the expedition, and to such good purpose that on the 30th March
the whole fleet and forces sailed in good order for Martinique.
This dispatch is due chiefly to the diligence of Sir E. Wheler, who
himself acted all parts from the Admiral to the purser, and
particularly that of Commissary-General of Provisions, the
person who came here in that post having by his sickness here and
his foolish and indiscreet behaviour been very uneasy to us all.
Under such conduct and in conjunction with Colonel Foulke,
a gentleman with all the qualities requisite for his command, we
have every encouragement to expect success, nor can it be doubted
that Guadeloupe and Martinique will be utterly destroyed. If
after that the commanders perform the further secret commands
of the King and within the time limited, they will have a very large
portion of the King's victorious spirit, and their exploits will
deserve as great encomiums as Roman historians have given to
Caesar's. These gentlemen having shewn me their orders to return
to Europe towards the end of the year, I must tell you that, in my
opinion, to perfect the ruin of the enemy and secure peace and com-
merce of the English here, it is absolutely necessary to keep a large
squadron of ships in these parts while the war lasts, and especially
in October next to intercept the reliefs sent by the French King to
the miserable remainders of his subjects in these Islands. For
after much talk with Sir F. Wheler and Colonel Foulke as to the
disposal of prisoners, we could come to no conclusion but that they
must be left there, we having neither ships nor provisions for their
transportation. If therefore five good sailing frigates be ordered to
be here at the beginning of that month, they, joined with the ships
on the station, would probably destroy the French successes. The
rest of the squadron might convoy the fleet hither. It is Sir F.
Wheler 's opinion, and I agree with him, that the relieving of the
West Indian squadron every year will preserve the King's ships,
and save the lives of many of the seamen. The resolutions of the
Council of War, which I have sent to the Lords of the Committee.
will shew that I have obeyed the King's orders as zealously as
though I had been placed in command of the expedition myself.
I enclose the muster-rolls of Foulke's, Goodwyn's, and of the
recruits of Lloyd's. It was a work of much time and trouble, and
done with much care and integrity by Mr. Mein, of the Council here.

80

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1G93.

April 10.

Barbados.

April 11.

April 11.

H.M.S.

Nonsuch,
Boston.

April 11.

Maryland.

I beg that he may be recompensed. About forty soldiers and as
many sailors are sick here, but I hope that most of them will
recover, when they shall be sent after the fleet. Signed.
J.Kendall. Holograph. 2; 1 , pp. [America and West Indies. 456.
No. 49.]

260. Governor Kendall to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
This letter is identical with that to Lord Nottingham of same date.

Abstract read, 18 Sept., '93.
No. 11 ; and Cvl. Entry 7> ) /;.,

Endorsed. Reed. 5 July, 1693.
[Board of Trade. Barbados, 5.
Vol. VIIL,pp. 365-368.]

261. Minutes of Council of Barbados. Order for rebates of
duty and for payments. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XII., pp. 402, 403.]

262. Thomas Dobbins to Lords of the Admiralty. Since his
suspension Captain Short has done all he can to obstruct the King's
service by trying to draw away and corrupt the men of this ship.
Some he persuaded that they would receive no pay, and to others he
granted their discharge. He thus drew away four men to
Piscataqua, where he himself was. The purser was sent up to
Piscataqua to apprehend the deserters, but they were rescued by
Lieutenant -Govern or Usher, who threatened him for what he had
done and finally committed him to prison for three days, during
which time his ship was seized and condemned. Sir William Phips
then went thither in person, who set the purser at liberty, but was
refused delivery of Captain Short and the deserters. This obstruc-
tion to the King's service by these petty Governments is of very ill
consequence. Signed. Thomas Dobbins. ly pp. Endorsed.
Reed, at the Committee. 15 Jan., 1693-4. [Board of Trade.
New England, 6. No. 52.]

263. Governor and Council of Maryland to Lords of Trade and
Plantations. We send duplicate of ours of 21 December, with
complaints against Sir Thomas Laurence and Edward Randolph.
We are sorry that we have continual occasion to repeat these
complaints, but the insolencies of these men have grown to such a
height as to strike at the root of all government. We have been
obliged to confine and commit Sir Thomas on several charges,
which have been proved to our satisfaction and will be proved to
Their Majesties'. A copy of these charges and of depositions are
enclosed, and will, we hope, be considered sufficient reason for
confining him and dismissing him from the Council and from the
office of Justice of a Provincial Court. We have prospect of further
discovery of his base and treacherous confederacies with papists and
disaffected persons. We are credibly informed that Sir Thomas has
represented us in the blackest colours to you, but we are confident
that we can clear ourselves from his malicious imputations, and beg
you to suspend any censure of us until we have had an opportunity
of vindicating ourselves. He has been very free and prodigal in
abuse of the Government, as one of his letters (written under the
assumed title of public notary), in vilification of the Council, can
shew. We only name Mr. Randolph as a partner in his villanies,
though we have a large charge against him when next we meet with

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 81

1693.

him. Signed. L. Copley, Nea. Blakiston, Nicholas Greenberry,
David Browne, Thomas Tench, John Addison, John Courts, Tho.
Brooke. 1% PP- Endorsed. Abstract read, 15 Sept., 1693.
Annexed,
263. i. Heads of a charge against Sir Thomas Laurence, Bart.

(I) Disobedience to the Governor and Council's order, to
provide seals for every county in the Province. ('2)
Entering on his office of Secretary before giving security,
though demanded of him, and extorting from the clerks
unjust fees for their commissions. (3) Unjustly demand-
ing of the clerks commissioned under the late Revolutionary
Government to account to him for their fees from the date
of his commission. (4) Protesting in Council against the
Act and an order of Council concerning officers' fees.
(5) Displacing county clerks and putting incapable men
in their places, for mercenary ends. (6) Neglecting an
order of Council to suspend one of his clerks for open
contempt of Government. (7) Consorting with and
countenancing none but papists and avowed enemies of
Government. (8) Removing the records of the Province
from his office to his own chamber for his own sinister
ends, in defiance of the Council's order. (9) Embezzling
certain of the said records. (10) Refusing to produce an
agreement which he had made for farming the Secretary's
place, contrary to law, in defiance of the Council's order.

(II) Acting as Public Notary, without being commissioned
or sworn, and (12) in that capacity accusing the Govern-
ment, in his protest, of arbitrary and illegal action.
(13) Suggesting and alleging false and scandalous
reflections on the Government in the same protest.
8 April, 1693. Certified copy. 3J pp.

263. n. Deposition of Cleborne Lomax, Clerk of Charles County.
As to Sir Thomas Laurence requiring of him a tenth part
of his fees before he would continue him in his place.
Sworn. 18 October, 1692. 1^ pp.

263. in. Another copy of No. n.

263. iv. Deposition of Henry Bonner, formerly Clerk of Anne
Arundel County. That Sir Thomas Laurence offered
him half fees to act as Deputy Clerk, and on his refusal
dismissed him. Sworn 26 Oct. 1692. p. Endorsed.
Reed. 18 May, 1693.

263. v. Another copy of No. iv. Scrap.

263. vi. Deposition of Philip Lynes. That he had heard that
Edward Randolph had illegally discharged a ship's master
from his board. Sworn. 24 October, 1692. Scrap.

263. vii. Deposition of Henry Smith. To the same effect as
No. vi. Scrap.

263. YIII. Record of a Court of Oyer and Terminer held in Maryland,
12 January, 1693, for trial of the ship Margaret for illegal
trading. The ship was condemned, but appeal to the
Governor in Council allowed. 8 pp.

263. ix. Copy of a letter from Charles Carrell. Setting forth the
hopelessness of appealing in the case of the ship Margaret,

8000 i?

82 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1G93.

and announcing that he has a better proposal to make.
15 January, 1693. ticrap.

263. x. Protest of Sir Thomas Laurence, Secretary and Public

Notary of Maryland, 2 March, 1693, against the illegality
of the proceedings of the Court in the condemnation of the
ship Margaret and of the Governor and Council ,in
conspiring not to hear the appeal. Copy. 1 p. [Board
of Trade. Maryland, 2. A T os. 101, 101i.-x.; and (covering
letter and enclosure No. i. only] 8. pp. 114-119.]

[April.] 264. A collection of papers sent out to the office of Plantations
by Edward Randolph.

26-1. i. Copy of Governor Copley's warrant for the arrest of
Sir Thomas Laurence, and for depriving him of all his
offices. Dated 27 March, 1693. 1 p. In Randolph's
handwriting. Endorsed. Reed. 13 Dec. 1693.

264. ii. Copy of Governor Copley's warrant for the arrest of

Edward Randolph. Endorsed. Reed. 25 Sept. 1693.
264. in. Another copy of No. II. Endorsed. Reed. 13 Dec. '93.

Both copies are in Randolph's hand.
264. iv. Attestations as to Randolph's accepting money to indemnify

a ship's master for a bond legally forfeited. Copy.

1^ pp. Endorsed. Reed, from Mr. Randolph. [Board

of Trade. Maryland, 2. Nos. 102, i.-iv.]

April 12. 265. Captain Fairfax, R.N., to Mr. Sotherne. I have not yet
H.M.s. received the survey of this ship ; though the Governor on receiving
' ^ e or ders of the Lords of the Treasury gave orders for her to be
examined and repaired. The remainder of the letter is a repetition of
letters previously written. Signed. Robt. Fairfax. 1 p. Endorsed.
Reed. 15 Jan. 1693-4, at the Committee. [Board of Trade. New
England, 6. No. 53.]

April 12. 266. Letters patent of the Lord Proprietors of Carolina. Grant-
ing a general amnesty and pardon for all offences against them and,
the constitution, committed before the date of Philip Ludwell's
Commission of 8 November, 1691, treason, piracy and arrears of
rent excepted. Signed. Craven, Ashley, P. Colleton, Tho. Amy.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XXII., pp. 222-223.]

April 12. 267. Warrant of the same, appointing Thomas Smith to be
Sheriff and Chief Judge of Berkeley County. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol.
XXII., p. 224.]

April 12. 268. Declaration of the same. That they will take no advan-
tage of any alien's estate that escheats to them, if he shall have
grants for the same and have paid his rent, or have bought the
same, but will allow it to go to the next of kin. Signed. Craven,
Ashley, P. Colleton, Tho. Amy. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XXII.,
pp. 225-226.]

April 12. 269. Lords Proprietors of Carolina to Governor Philip Ludwell.

We have not received your letter as to the Bahamas, of which we

have appointed Nicholas Trott to be Governor. We are concerned

" to hear of the behaviour of the deputies towards you and of your

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 83

1693.

quarrel with them. We do not know of such quarrels in the King's
plantations, for they would soon put a stop to the King's affairs or
bring all to the arbitrary determination of the Governor. W T e do
not see how the Government of Carolina can be carried on, if you
put yourself out with all parties, and especially with our friends.
We hope that you will reconcile yourself with those deputies who
have been disrespectful to you, and we have by this conveyance
censured them. We think that you will succeed in your effort to
gain the people of both parties, if you avoid James Moreton's
mistake. He was extremely in the good opinion of the people when
he first assumed the Government ; whereupon the people at Goose
Creek, seeing their power gone unless they could destroy
that good opinion, offered to pass an Act for an excise on
imported liquors for his benefit, and in order to pass it made him
turn out many of our deputies and disoblige others. They then
gave advice to their friends in Parliament to hinder the bill, and
then cried out against the avarice of the Governor, who would
enslave and ruin the people. Then having damaged his good name
they contemned and opposed him. We now hear that the same
trick is being tried on you, James More and others having given
out that they were to present you with .1,000 by a gift of the
Assembly, if you would pass an Act of Indemnity. We hope that
it is not true, for such an Act is beyond your powers. W T e hear
that you have denied writs of right to persons to sue those who have
injured them. We would gladly see people forgive each other,
but this conduct is contrary to your orders. We note that our greatest
enemies admit our title to the land in Carolina. In that case we may
grant it on our own terms, and w r e think it high time to take legal
proceedings against those that refuse to pay their rent. We hear
that Mr. James More offered to pay a year's rent down, and a third
of his arrears annually until all are discharged. We do not wish to
press him, so we would have you speak with him, and if he pays
the year's rent and a third of his arrears you will accept the terms,
but if he boggles or delays you will order Mr. Grimball to sue him,
but Grimball must act by your orders only, for we know his indis-
cretion. As this money will be for yourself we hope you will take
pains in the matter. If More pays, we think you may proceed to sue
others also. There need be no legal difficulties as to the validity of
our Patent. Mr. Percival desired to take up land in excess of that
allowed for imported servants, promising to pay rent or buy
outright, but now we are told that he refuses to do either. If he will
not yield on your speaking to him, you will pass the land to others.
Jurors in the trials of such cases should be men who have paid
their rents ; others we look upon as merely parties. The excuse of
some, that they have not grants, must not be accepted, for they can
obtain grants if they wish, though it may be not such as they would
have. Some again say that the laws of England are not in force
there, but our Patent answers this argument. Deputies who have
suffered under Sothell's persecution and may be in want of money,
may have their money due to us and received from them returned
to them again for the present. As the Goose Creek men are
resolved to oppose us, right or wrong, you will take care not to
encourage or employ them. As to Sir Nathaniel Johnson's hopes

84 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

from the Crown if the Government of Carolina were centred therein,
it cannot be expected that one who gave up the Leeward Islands will
receive another Government from the present King. You will
keep a watchful eye on him. We do not believe in the deputies
discouraging the payment of rents, for it is not to their interest.
People who cut cedar from our land must be indicted and fined.

You advise the lessening the number of Assemblymen for Colleton
and Craven Counties, and adding them to Berkeley County, which
has three-fourths of the people at present ; but those that govern a
settling country must have an eye for the future. We hope to see
both these counties with as many people as Berkeley County, and
then how shall we reduce the elections to equality ? We hear that
a committee is drawing up a system of government for the future,
but of what use this can be we know not, since they have so dis-
respectfully refused our excellent Constitutions. We shall part
with none of our powers until the people are more orderly. As
these men may throw the odium of rejecting such laws on you, we
have reserved to ourselves the right of ratifying all Acts dealing
with juries or elections before they can be executed. We wish you
to pick out from the moderate party, honest, loyal, industrious men,
and raise them by degrees, so as to qualify them for the first rank.
We hear good accounts of Captain Simson, and desire that you
will make him a justice of the peace, so that he may (unless you
see reason to the contrary) rise higher. We note that you and the
Assembly disagreed as to an Act of Pardon. We have put an end
to all disputes on that matter by sending you a pardon of our own.
If the Assembly that sat in October be still undissolved, you will
call them together and propose to them such further measures for
their safety as you think necessary, sending us a copy of the same
for record against them. If they refuse to do anything, you will
dissolve them and call no other Assembly till they are in better
temper. We want no new laws, and if they will consent to none
for their own security, the fault is not in us. We do not under-
stand Mr. Grimball's behaviour about paying your salary, for his
instructions have been reiterated rather than altered. But he has
orders to remit the proceeds of land sold to us, for we judged that
the rents and perquisites would suffice to pay your salary. We
have sent you authority to appoint and remove judges, but it must
not be used in respect of Thomas Smith, whom we have ourselves
appointed Chief Judge. Tell Mr. Gibbs that no slight is intended
to him ; but as he has been compelled to swear to the Juries Act,
which we have disallowed, we thought it better to do as we have
done. But you will keep this authority secret till you have occasion
to use it. Mr. Grimball complains of restraints placed on him by
you, that makes his place irksome to him. We would have you
rather make it as easy as possible. Signed. Craven, Ashley,
P. Colleton, Tho. Amy. [Co/. Entry 'Bk., Vol. XXII., pp. 227-231.]

April 12. 270. Lords Proprietors of Carolina to the Deputies and Council
of South Carolina. We have seen an Act to provide indifferent
jurymen in all civil and criminal causes, the provisions of which
we think unreasonable and dangerous, and likely to leave the most
enormous crimes, especially piracy, unpunished. The sheriff by

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 85

1693.

this Act is to write the names of the persons in the County by
twelves, two of which papers are to be drawn, and one of these
again drawn, which last is to contain the jury for next court. It
would be easy to insert the name of some notorious favourer of
pirates in every list ; and we disallow the said Act. We have also
seen an Act to regulate electing for the Assembly, which makes all
persons worth .10 electors. We think that electors ought to be
freeholders and as the Act does not even provide that electors should
be resident, thus possibly giving every pirate a vote, we disallow
this Act. We have however confirmed the Act to prevent swine
running loose about Charlestown, being ready to confirm all useful
Acts. W T e have sent you new instructions as to passing laws, and
we hereby forbid you to ratify any laws that impair our powers.
The French complain that they are threatened to have their estates
taken from their children after their death, as they are aliens. We
have sent a declaration to ease their minds herein. They complain
also that they are obliged to begin their divine service at the same
time as the English. They must not be molested herein, but be
free to choose their own time. They have also been told that their
marriages are not valid nor their children legitimate, because their
ministers are not ordained by a bishop. This is opposed to the
liberty of conscience that prevails in England, and which we have
granted under our Patent. These things must be remedied and
the French encouraged in every way. We would have a larger
allowance made to Joshua Hobson, Mr. Grimball's deputy, who
suffered from Mr. Sothell's usurped authority. The Juries Act sets
apart the fines of jurymen for the Treasurer, to be disposed of by
the General Assembly. We know of no precedent for this, and you
will take care that no such clause is again passed. We have
appointed Thomas Smith to be Sheriff of Berkeley County, but he
will not therefore cease to be a deputy. Signed. Craven, Ashley,
P. Colleton. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XXII., ^..232-234.]

April 12. 271. Lords Proprietors of Carolina to Paul Grimball. We
have given the Governor instructions to sue for recovery of our
rents. You are too hard and too soft in the matter of our rents, so
will act entirely under his orders. You ought to have accepted
James More's offer as to payment of his rent and arrears. We send
you the Act of Parliament for distraining for rents that you may
know the law, for the laws of England, whatever people may object,
are in force in Carolina. We have ordered the Governor to let the
bonds and licences of taverns be issued from your office, and to
make your post as easy as possible for you. You will study and
observe our new instructions as to passing laws. Y^ou will pay the
Governor's salary constantly out of any money of ours in your
hands, excepting from the proceeds of sale of lands. People may
pay their rents in the counties where they reside, if they wish.
Signed. Craven, Ashley, P. Colleton. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XXII.,
pp. 235-236.]

April 12. 272. Lords Proprietors of Carolina to Mons. Trouillard, and
others, ministers in Carolina. The hardships imposed on you are
against our will and desire, and contrary to our constitutions.
What hand you had in rejecting those constitutions you best know,

86 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

and we hope that you may not suffer for hearkening to men who
misled you. However we have issued a declaration to ease you of
your hardships. Had our constitutions being ratified in Parliament,
you would have been on the same footing as Englishmen and in no
need of our assistance. Do not be misled by our and your enemies.
You will find the Proprietors your best friends. Kir/ned. Craven,
Ashley, P. Colleton, Tho. Amy. [Col Entry Bk., Vol. XXII.,
p. 286.]

April 12. 273. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Isaac Addington
appointed Registrar of the Court of Chancery. Mr. Usher's ac-
counts were inspected, and he himself being present showed that it
was false that there were 2,500 in the Treasury at the beginning
of April, 1689. Order for payment of a bill of 512 drawn by Mr.
Increase Mather for the service of the country. Commissions for
the War-Committee approved.

April 13. Order for erection of a fort at Saco River to annoy the enemy,
and for 300 militia to be detached for the purpose. John Usher's
accounts referred for further consideration. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol.
LXIV., pp. 230-232.]

April 13. 274. Minutes of Council of New York. Orders for sundry pay-
ments to Robert Livingstone and of 650 for the general cost of
the late expedition to Albany.

April 14. It was reported that two of the bills sent by Maryland in pay-
ment of her contribution of 100 towards defence of the frontier,
had been protested and the third paid. The Governor represented
the difficulty ahead, since Mr. Livingstone was considerably
indebted for subsisting the fusiliers at the frontiers, and unless
their debts were discharged he could get no more credit ; -besides
which sums were w r anting to pay the troops that were to be
discharged, and the former taxes were not yet paid. Resolved that
the frontier is the first thing to be regarded and that all the money
in hand be devoted to that object, also that Robert Livingstone be
authorised to collect the arrears of taxes in the Island of Nassau for
payment of the troops. The Governor, before taking his leave for
Pennsylvania, urged upon the Council to see to the payment of the
forces on the frontier and to the conciliation of the Indians. The
Clerk of Council directed to attend the Governor. [Col. Entry Bk.,
LXXV., pp. 414-416.]

April 15. 275. The King to Governor Sir William Phips. In the terms
of Order in Council of 26 January, 1693, as to prosecutions for
witchcraft. (See No. 33.) [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXII.,
pp. 418, 419.]

April 15. 276. Minutes of the Council of War in the West Indies.

H isr.s. Question put whether the forces land and destroy Fort St. Pierre

CuTd" Sac' m " s ^ or P r ^ Ry a l- Resolved to land at St. Pierre and that the

Martinique', fleet sail to-morrow night with that object. This entry is dated

Z5th, evidently by error. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XII., p. 337.]

April 18. 277. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Draft com-
mission for Governor Kendall considered, and decision taken as to
the Admiralty clauses. Governor Russell's draft commission also

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

87

1693.

April 18.

April 13.

Whitehall.

April 19.

April 20.

April 20.

Before

St. Pierre,

Martinique.

read and, with a new clause as to martial law, approved. [Board
of Trade. Journal, 7. pp. 179-180.]

278. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. That the
King's attention be called to two clauses, as to the power to erect
Admiralty Courts, which are inserted in Governor Kendall's and
Governor Russell's Commissions, but omitted from Sir William
Beeston's, and to take his pleasure as to their passing the Great
Seal. Copy. 1 p. [Board oj Trade. Jamaica, 7. No. 9 ; and
53. p. 139.]

279. Order of the Queen in Council. Referring the petition of
William Lovell and others to Lords of Trade and Plantations for
report. Signed. "Win. Bridgeman. \ p. Annexed,

279. i. Petition of William Lovell and others to the King and
Queen. Asking that certain goods wrongfully taken from
their ship Fortune may be restored and the ship itself,
which is under detention in Virginia, may be released.
Copy. 1% pp. The whole endorsed. Reed. 1 May, 1693.
[America and IVest Indies. 638. Nos. 10, 10 i. ; and
(order only] Board of Trade. Virginia, 36. p. 234.]

2SO. Minutes of Council of New York. On intelligence that
the Indians threatened to attack the English to avenge the blood
of Leisler, Frederick Phillips and Stephen Van Cortlandt were
directed to send for the Sachems and examine the matter.

Orders for sundry small payments. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV.,
pp. 416,417.]

281. Minutes of the Council of War in the West Indies. On
the question whether St. Pierre should be closely besieged, or
whether to retire with the forces on board ship and consider
further, the President (Sir F. Wheler) moved that every member
(26 in all) should give in his opinion in writing, which was done as
follows: Colonel Goodie yn. lam for retiring ; the enemy appears
to be in superior strength ; great part of our force is composed of
Irish, whom we cannot trust ; in three days since our landing we
have lost 800 killed, wounded and sick, and cannot produce above
3,000 men, the suspected men included ; the roads are impassable ;
if repulsed we cannot make good our retreat. Lieutenant Colonel
Colt. I am for attack ; we have driven in one strong post with a
small party and may risk somewhat. Major Abrahall. I am for
burning and destroying all we can, but not for attacking the fort ;
for we have 800 men dead or disabled and cannot trust the Irish.
ColonelHolt. lam for withdrawal, owing to the enemy's strength and
our own weakness. The Irish may have behaved well in St. Kitts,
but they are always drinking health to King James. Lieutenant
Colonel Lilling ston. I am for retiring. Our forces are weak ; we
cannot hold the town if we take it, and retreat in case of mishap
would be very hazardous. I think we should burn and destroy all
that we can. Captain Lilly, Chief Engine e>\ The fort is unassailable
without heavy guns, which we can only land under fire of the
enemy's batteries, and then, owing to the steepness of the country,
cannot move to a suitable position. Even if the fort be breached,
an assault will be very hazardous, the enemy being as strong as we.

88 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

Sir Francis Wheler. I am for opening trenches and mounting large
ship's guns and mortars, the fleet meanwhile standing close in to
batter the town. The rest of the officers are for withdrawal jor one
or other of the reasons quoted. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XII., pp.
338-352.]

April 20. 282. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Order for payment
of 54: to Mr. Addington, and for the Treasurer to accept all deben-
tures drawn on him by the War Committee. Order for prosecuting
certain bonds and recognisances given in by John Usher, for
which he has taken credit in his accounts. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXIV., pp. 232-233.]

April 20. 283. Captain Short, R.N., to Mr. Sotherne. I have written you
New an account of Sir William Phips's treatment of me. Here follows

Hampshire. a rambling restatement, extremely ill-spelt, of the principal grounds of
his complaint, as given in Ids letters of March 29 and April 24,
Nos. 225, 293. ij pp. Endorsed. Reed, at the Committee.
15 Jan. 1693-4.

Duplicate of the foregoing, with same endorsement. [Board of
Trade. New England, 6. Nos. 54, 55.]

April 20. 284. Governor Sir William Phips to the Lieutenant- Governor
Boston. and Council of New Hampshire. Myself and Council have become
very sensible of the great expense incurred for defence of Their
Majesties' subjects and interest. You have had a principal share
in the advantage hereof but have contributed nothing towards
defraying the charge, which has fallen wholly on Massachusetts.
In 1689 your people petitioned us to receive them under our
government and protection, promising submission and payment of
a proportionable part of the expense, and on these conditions they
were accepted and protected. You are therefore requested to choose
one or more Commissioners to meet ours for the adjustment of the
accounts of the war, to settle your proportion of the expense, and
to agree on arrangements for the future. Certified copy. 1 p.
Endorsed. Reed. 20 Dec. '92. [Board of Trade. New England, 6.
No. 56.]

April 20. 285. Petition of merchants and planters concerned in Jamaica
to the Queen. Knowing Sir William Beeston's qualifications for the
Government of Jamaica, we earnestly besought him to undertake it,
he being wholly averse to it, as having settled here with his family,
and living at ease with a comfortable estate. The fortifications
being destroyed by the earthquake and no revenue being obtainable
to repair them, it was prayed that his salary should be 1,000 a year
only, even for which he must wait till there be peace or the Island
be settled. We hear that a Commission is passing for another
Governor of Jamaica, which will not only ruin our expectations
from Sir William Beeston, but burden the Island with a further
charge of 2,000 for the Governor's salary. We beg that Sir
William may be continued in the Government, and that no one else
be sent there till advice of the state of the Island be received. 22
signatories. Copy. 1 pp. Endorsed. Reed. 20 April, 1693.
Nothing. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. No. 10.]

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 89

1693.

April 20. 286. Commissioners of the Navy to Lords of the Treasury.

Navy Office. Sir John Fleet and other merchants concerned have produced to us
Lord Inchiquin's certificate as to the pressing and good service of
the ship Joseph. The charge is 1,147, which, the treasury of
Jamaica being empty, Lord Inchiquin begged the Admiralty to
discharge. This is the petitioner's case ; what the Admiralty will
say to it we do not know ; but according to our reckoning the
charge for the ship should be 762. As no wages to seamen are
mentioned in petitioner's account, we presume that they were paid
by the Island, and we think that the rest of the account should be
too. Signed. J. Russell, E. Dummer, Ch. Aberginy (?), D. Lyddell,
J. Plett. 3 pp. Endorsed. My Lords recommend that enquiry
be made whether this has not been paid in Jamaica. [Board oj

Trade. Jamaica, 7. No. 11.]
,>

April 20. 287. Minutes of Council of Virginia. John Childs sworn
messenger of the Council. On reading copy of a deposition from
Maryland, a warrant for the arrest of William and Elizabeth
Digges was ordered.

April 21. On the application of the Governor of New York, it was resolved
to send 600 as a contribution to the defence of that province.

April 22. Colonel William Digges was examined as to his knowledge of a
plot to restore King James to the throne, and was bound over, with
his wife, in 1,000 to appear before the next General Court. [Col.
Entry Bk., Vol. LXXX1V., pp. 800-803.]

April 22. 288. Minutes of Council of New York. The Governor gave his
final instructions before leaving for Pennsylvania. Order for
further audit of Governor Sloughter's accounts, the widow being
btill unsatisfied. The farmer of the excise of New York City
approved. The Governor thanked the Council for their readiness,
during his absence, to advance money from their private coffers, for
the public service. [Co/. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 417-418.]

April 22. 289. Governor Fletcher to the Earl of Nottingham. I
New York, received my Commission for the Government of Pennsylvania
on the 6th. I am just starting for that province, but I find by
some prints that there is a separate and dissenting party among
them. I have sent some of their fiery books to Mr. Blathwayt. I
send the Minutes of Council and Assembly accounts of revenue and
taxes, list of civil and military offices, an address from for Con-
necticut and other documents. We too frequently lose one ship in
two sent hence for Europe. Since my coming one ship reckoned
worth 10,000 was snapped up by the French, and we hear of two
from England lost, one of them carrying my instructions. I am
much concerned for the losses of others as well as for the want of
light to myself. I shall report by first opportunity as to Penn-
sylvania. Signed. Ben. Fletcher. 2 pp. HoloyrapJi. Endorsed.
R. June 8, '93. Abstracted in Board of Trade. New York, 48.
p. 46. Annexed,

289. i. Report of a Committee of Council on the needful repairs for
Fort William Henry. Estimated cost, 1,985. Signed,
N. Bayard, S. v. Cortlandt. Dated 5 April, 1693.

90 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

289. n. Eeport of Chidley Brooke as to trade and revenue. The
produce of the revenue for the half-year ended 25 Decem-
ber last is 1,883. No increase can be hoped for during
the present war, nor can a revenue, settled for two years
only, be much improved. List of shipping is enclosed.
No way can be found to prevent the Jerseys from trading
with the Indians to our prejudice, except by annexing
them to this province. Pennsylvania and Connecticut by
not enforcing the Navigation Acts deprive us of much of
our trade. Signed. Chid. Brooke. 1 p. Endorsed. Reed.

3 June, 1693.'

289. in. Duplicate of the preceding.

289. iv. List of the Council of New York, with a brief description
against the name of each. Richard Townley and William
Pinhorne have been suspended for non-residence. The
chief assistance in the Council is given by the members
belonging to New York City, who however are so much
taken up by private business, that it is frequently difficult
to make up a quorum. I suggest Abraham Depeyster and
Charles Lodowyck to fill any vacancies. Signed. Ben.
Fletcher. 1 p.

289. v. List of salaried officials with their salaries, amounting in all
to 1,738 ; of the city officers of New York and Albany; of
the justices of the peace and of the Courts of the province.

4 pp. Endorsed. Reed. 8 June, 1693.

289. vi. Duplicate of the preceding. Endorsed. Reed. 8 Sept.,

1693.
289. vii. State of the militia in New York Province.

New York City. 8 companies of foot and one troop of
horse, in all 477 men. Colonel Abraham Depeyster.

Queen s County. 9 companies of foot, and one troop
of horse, 580 men. Colonel Thomas Willett.

Suffolk County. 9 companies of foot, 553 men. Colonel
John Young.

King's County. 6 companies of foot; one troop of
horse. 319 men. Colonel S. van Cortlandt.

Albany County. 5 companies of foot ; one troop of
dragoons. 359 men. Major Peter Schuyler.

Ulster and Duchess County. 4 companies of foot ; one
troop of dragoons. 277 men. Lieutenant - Colonel
Beeckman.

West Chester County. 6 companies of foot. 283 men.
Colonel Caleb Heathcote.

Richmond County. Two companies of foot. 104 men.
Captain Andrew Cannon.

Total : 2 troops of horse, 2 troops of dragoons, 41 com-
panies of foot. 2,932 men. Signed. Ben. Fletcher. 1 p.
Endorsed. Reed. 8 June, 1693.

289. vin. Report of the Council of New York on the accounts of
Peter Delanoy. The general conclusion is that Delanoy
is indebted 2,884 to the Crown. Signed. Ben. Fletcher,
and by nine members of Council. Long sheet. Endorsed.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 91

1693.

Reed. 8 June, 1692. [Board of Trade. New York, 5.
Nos. 12, 12 i.-vm.]

April 22. 290. List of stores wanting in Fort William Henry, New York.
10 cannon, 100 barrels of powder, 120 carbines with accoutrements
for dragoons, and other smaller matters. Si</xed. Ben Fletcher.
2 pp. Endorsed. Read 15 June and 27 Dec. 1693. [Board of
Trade. New York, 5. No. 13.]

April 22. 291. Governor Fletcher to Earl of Nottingham. I have ap-
pointed Mr. Robert Wharton to be second lieutenant in my com-
pany, in the room of Mr. George Bradshaw deceased. I beg for a
commission for him dated 4 November, 1692. tiiyned. Ben
Fletcher. Holograph. 1 p. [America and West Indies. 579.
No. 33.

April 22. 292. Abstracts of Governor Fletcher's letters to William
Blathwayt of 14 February, 8 March and 22 April. The last named
letter contained, apparently, nothing that had not been said in other
letters. 1| pp. [Board of Trade. New York, 5. No. 14.]

April 24. 293. Captain Richard Short, R.N., to the Admiralty. I have
Piscataqua. t icl you of my ill usage by Sir William Phips, though for no breach
of orders, as the accompanying affidavits will shew. He offered me
language and affronts which I thought I ought not to take, holding
the King's Commission. I am an old servant in the Navy, having
entered it in 1678 as lieutenant ; and I hold good certificates from
Sir Cloudesley Shovel and others. Sir William Phips would give
no reason for promoting the gunner over the lieutenant, nor for
- tyrannically sending others to prison. He thought to have wearied
me out, and sent his emissaries daily to me in gaol to make me sub-
mit to his base dealings, but I would not. He allowed no friend to
come near me, no letters to be given to me, no evidence to be sworn
for me. On the 1st of March he ordered me on board a merchant-
ship, Jeremiah Toy, master, and gave him a warrant for my trans-
portation to England, and on the 10th or llth we arrived at Pisca-
taqua. About the 28th Sir William Phips arrived with about four-
teen armed men and went into a dirty little ale-house under pretence
of reading his commission. Five or six carpenters came to him,
but no gentleman would go near him, he carried himself so dirty.
On the 29th he asked Mr. Toy for the warrant he had given him, to
observe the date, promising on his honour to return it, instead of
which he tore off his name and seal and threw it on the ground. He
then went on board Toy's ship, I being ashore not well, broke open
my cabin, and carried off my chest with all my clothes, money,
papers, certificates, affidavits, journals and other matters which he
knew that I had kept to vindicate myself before the Lords of Trade
and Plantations. A baser action was never done ; it is termed piracy
or robbery. Some of the gentlemen of the country, wiser than
Governor Phips, told him that he could prove no matter of fact
against me. He answered that as he had begun, he would end it, if
it cost him half his estate. The Governor is so full of malice that
he knows not what lies to invent against me and other people in the
country, especially the Church of England men, which go by the

92 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

name of Jacobites. Sir William Phips has put in a commander
who will condescend to his private interest and tends upon him like
a boy. I understand that Sir William contrives to set some of my
officers against me. I had writ home about some before the quarrel.
Sir William Phips has ordered Mr. Toy not to carry me home, but
as it is out of his Government he has no power here, and Captain
Fairfax of H.M.S. Conception and my best friends here advise me
to make the best of my way to England, which I shall do by the
first ship that I can, to set forth the inhuman treatment of me be-
fore the Lords of the Admiralty. I beg your pardon for writing so
much, but my abuses have been great. I have had a lame hand
almost all the voyage. A piece of steel which lodged in my hand
nine months since has much tormented me, so that I thought I
should never have the use of it. The Governor refused to admit
my officers to me in prison, to set some things to rights. 1 p.
Annexed,
293. i. Copies of depositions of John Hams, mariner, and Joseph

Short as to the assault made by Sir William Phips on

Captain Short. 1J pp.

Copy of the foregoing. Endorsed. Reed. July, 1693.

[Board of Trade. New England, 6. NOB. 57, 57 1.,

and 58.]

[April 24 ] 294. Abstract of the foregoing letter and of Captain Fairfax's
letter of 29 March, 1693. (See No. 224.) 6J pp. [Board of
Trade. New England, 6. No. 59.]

April 24. 295. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Proclamation forbidding
the imprisonment of men by the captains of King's ships without
the Governor's warrant. Order for purchase of a sloop for the
King's service, that she be victualled and manned, and that she be
commanded, together with one other sloop, by the youngest
lieutenant of H.M.S. Mordaunt. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 77.
pp. 247-248.]

April 25. 296. Minutes of Council of War in the West Indies. The

H.M.S. question of an attack on Guadeloupe was put, when it was carried

Resolution, U1 the negative, and the Island troops were ordered back to Barbados

llca " and the Leeward Islands. The opinions of the various officers are

(liven in full. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XII., pp. 352-362.]

April 26. 297. Minutes of Council of New York. The Governor left for
Pennsylvania on the 24th. Order for payment of the four fusilier
companies, and for letters to be written to four counties urging the
payment of former taxes. Order for the sloops for Albany to be
prepared, and for the fusiliers to embark as soon as they come to
town. Order prohibiting the export of grain from Albany until the
wants of the garrison have first been supplied. Madame Sloughter
allowed to nominate two auditors for her late husband's accounts.

April 27. Letters to the Counties for collection of taxes, and to the Indians
to explain the Governor's absence, approved. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXXV., pp. 418-420.]

April 26. 298. Minutes of Council of Virginia. Order for appointment
of properly qualified surveyors to Accomack and Nancymond
Counties.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

98

1693.

April 27.

April 29.

April 27.

Whitehall.

April 27.
H.M.S.

Resolution,
at Dominica.

April 28.

Jamaica.

James Mings appeared and was examined ; and, since the
matter of Pamunkey Neck is before the King, it was agreed to
take no action till the arrival of next fleet. Order for arrest of
William Anderson for carrying Edward Randolph forcibly away
to Maryland.

Complaint of Wicocomoco Indians agamst Captain John Smith
heard, and John Smith ordered not to molest them. Address of
the burgesses as to revision of laws to be referred to next General
Assembly. Order for the Court of Richmond County to explain
their conduct in turning out the vestry of Farnham parish, and
that all concerned have notice to attend Council. On complaint of
the Government of Maryland against Colonel Fitzhugh, it was
ordered that he be required to take the oaths, and give security to
answer all charges agamst him at the next General Court. Procla-
mation for a day of humiliation ordered. [Co/. Entry 7>/t., To/.
LXXXIV., pp. 803-806.]

299. Order of the Queen in Council. On reading a report from
the Admiralty, that the Governors of Jamaica and Barbados will
receive full powers to erect Admiralty Courts in the Commissions
which they will receive from the Admiralty, the whole matter was
referred to the Lords of Trade and Plantations for report. Signed.
Wm. Bridgeman. 1 p. Endorsed. Read 1st and 3rd May, 1693.
[Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. No. 12 ; and 53, p. 140.]

300. Minutes of the Council of War in the West Indies. Resolved
to leave three months' provisions for Lloyd's regiment. Other
arrangements on the break up of the expedition. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. XII., p. 363.]

301. Lieutenant-Governor Sir William Beeston to Lords of
Trade and Plantations. Since my last the Falcon is returned with
a prize of about 100 tons taken oft' Hispaniola, and I have ordered
her back to that coast to look for more. My Commission of
Admiralty, being different from that formerly issued, gives scruple
to people here to undertake the condemnation of prizes, though the
opinion of our lawyers is that the Commission I had for that
purpose from Doctors' Commons is sufficient. However it is
absolutely necessary for the Royal service that they pass a legal
judication, to which end I have appointed Richard Lloyd, Esq., to
be sole judge of Admiralty, and, to strengthen his authority, have
granted him a Commission under the Great Seal, which I take to
be effectual. Nevertheless I beg for your approbation and further
directions herein. The French have recently landed parties out of
small vessels in two or three parts of the Island where the people
are thin, and have carried away forty negroes from one place,
killed two men in another, and done other mischief. I sent the
Mordaunt after them, but to no effect, she being too large to follow
these small vessels near the shore. We therefore want much two
small frigates, good sailers of sixteen to twenty guns, to secure
the coasts from inroads of these small privateers. I am now
encouraging small vessels of this Island to go out as private men-
of-war, but the country is so weakened of men by the earthquake,
sickness and former discouragements that it will be hard to raise

94

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1003.

April 28.

Jamaica.

April 28.

Whitehall.

April 28.

April 28.

any number ; and those that can be prevailed on expect nothing to
be taken from them, so that I am obliged to promise them Their
Majesties' tenths for their encouragement and to lend them money
to buy provisions. I beg your approval hereof, as I am in hopes
that it may call back many of our discontented seamen who have
gone to other Colonies and even to the French at Hispaniola.
Signed. Wm. Bseston. 1 pp. Endorsed. Reed. 27 Feb., 1693-4.
Read 5 March, 93-4. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. No. 13 ;
and 53, pp. 168, 169.]

302. Lieutenant-Governor Sir William Beeston to the Earl of
Nottingham. My letter to the President of Panama has not yet
gone forward, owing to the return of the Mordaunt from Porto Bello
with 100,000 pieces-of-eight for the Assiento. She brings no further
account than that Tristan and all his men were cut off and their
ship and all they had with them seized. I have had no letter yet
from the President of St. Domingo, but the Falcon has returned
from St. Domingo with a prize. I find it absolutely necessary for
these prizes to be legally condemned and have taken measures
accordingly. I beg also for particular directions as to Their
Majesties' ships which are too far from Sir Francis Wheler to
receive his orders. We hear that our forces are on the attack of
Martinique, but know not of their success. If they prevail and
send the French to Hispaniola, as has formerly been done, it may
prove fatal to this Island. They have landed twice within the past
fourteen days on our north coast, killing and plundering. I sent
the Mordaunt after them, but we want a couple of smaller vessels
to follow them into shoal water. It is our thinness in numbers
that makes the French so bold. Their intelligence also is so sure
that they could tell our people, before I arrived, that I was coming
and that I was coming only with the old dumb Falcon. I have
sent some fire-arms overland to the north side of the Island to
strengthen them, and when the Assembly meets I shall propose to
them to fit out two small sloops against these French privateers.
One is already hired and another about to be bought ; but unless
I can incline the Assembly to raise money for the service I doubt
if we shall be able to support it, for the Treasury is empty.
tiir/ned. Wm. Beeston. li pp. [America and West Indies. 540.
No. 30.]

303. William Blathwayt to the Secretary of the Admiralty.
Desiring the attendance of some of the Commissioners of the
Admiralty at the meeting of the Board of Trade and Plantations on
1 May, when the question of the powers of Admiralty to be given to
Governors Kendall and Russell will be considered. Draft. 1 p.
[Board of Trade. Plantations General, 2. No. 45.]

304. William Blathwayt to Governor Russell and Mr. Bridges.
Desiring their attendance on the 1st of May, for the purpose given
in the preceding abstract. Draft. \ p. [Board of Trade.
Plantations General, 2. No. 46.]

305. William Blathwayt to Sir Charles Hedges. Desiring his
attendance on the 1st May for the same purpose. [Board of Trade.
Plantations General, 2. No. 47.]

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 95

1098.

April 29. 306. Proclamation of the Government of Virginia. For a
Virginia. day of fasting and humiliation, on account of an epidemic of measles.
Copy. 2 pp. Endorsed. Reed. 23 Mar. '94.

Duplicate copy of the above. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 5.
Xos. 16, 17; and Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXIV., p. 778.]

April 30. 307. Minutes of Council of New York. Letters to the Governor
from Albany were opened, which gave account of the murder of an
Englishman by a skulking party of the enemy. The letters were
sent on to Pennsylvania. Instructions sent to Major Schuyler to
let no men wander about on their private affairs without a sufficient
escort. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 420, 421.]

May 1. 308. Minutes of Council of Virginia. Robert Beverley sworn
to act as Clerk of the General Court during the absence of Peter
Beverley. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXIV., pp. 806-807.]

May 1. 309. Minutes of Council of Barbados. The Governor acquainted
the Assembly that the money raised for the Martinique expedition
was insufficient, and reminded them of their promise to make the
deficiency good. The Committee then brought up an Act for a
Committee of Public Accounts, which was passed. Orders passed
for payment of the Officers of Assembly. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. XII., pp. 403, 404.]

May 1. 310. Commission to Governor Fletcher. Appointing him

Commander-in- Chief of the militia of Connecticut and revoking the
former commission to Sir William Phips for the same. [Board of
Trade. New York, 48. pp. 29-32.]

May 1. 311. Heads for a Charter of incorporation of the Company for

working minerals in New England, proposed by the petitioners
(sec No. ^^ i.}. Ten articles. I p. Endorsed. Reed. 1 May, 1693.

Duplicate and triplicate of the above. [Board oj Trade. New
England, 6. Nos. 60, 61, 62 ; and 35, pp. 25-27.]

May 1. 312. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Sir Charles

Hedges, Colonel Russell and Governor Kendall's Agent were heard
as to the question of prize Courts, and ordered to attend again at
next meeting.

Petition of Thomas Couch read. Agreed to send a copy to the
Governor of Virginia for his report. Petition of Luke Lopdell read ;
and agreed that the forfeiture of his ship need not be insisted on.

The heads of a Charter for Sir Matthew Dudley's Company ordered
to be sent to the Attorney-General.

Two addresses from New Hampshire read (sec Xos. 250 i., n.).
Ordered that the parties concerned attend on the 8th inst.

Order for Governor Fletcher's Commission, to command the
militia of Connecticut, to pass the great seal at the King's charge.

Colonel Prideaux's suspension from the Council of Barbados con-
firmed ; Colonel Hallett's to be respited until his appeal be heard.
The representation of the Agents of Barbados as to leaving a regi-
ment there was held over for further consideration. Colonel
Kendall's letters of 3 and 11 November, 1692, and 10 February, 1693,

96

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

May 1.

May 2.

May 2.

May 2.

Admiralty.

May 2.

Whitehall.

May 2.

May 2.

May 3.

May 3.

May 3.

read. Order for the Victuallers of the Navy to explain their
objections to take up his bills of exchange. [Board of Trade.
Journal, 7. pp. 180-186.]

313. William Blathwayt to Sir Charles Hedges. Desiring his
attendance at the meeting of the Lords of Trade on the 3rd inst.,
to advise as to erection of Courts of Reprisal in the Colonies.
Draft. \ p. [Board of Trade. Plantations General, 2. No. 48.]

314. William Blathwayt to Mr. Sotherne. Desiring his
attendance at the meeting of the Lords of Trade, on the 3rd inst.,
on the business of Courts of Reprisal in the Colonies. Draft.

% p. \_Board of Trade. Plantations General, 2. No. 49.]

315. William Blathwayt to the Attorney and Solicitor General.
Desiring their attendance on the 3rd of May, as in preceding abstract.
Draft, f- p. [Board oj Trade. Plantations General, 2. No. 50.]

316. Order of the Lords of the Admiralty to Captain Edward
Powlson, of H.M.S. St. Albans. To convoy the ship David, with
Governor Goddard on board, to Bermuda. Signed. Falkland, J.
Lowther, H. Priestman, R. Austen. [Board of Trade. Bermuda,
28. p. 87.]

317. John Povey to the Attorney General. Forwarding copy
of the heads of incorporation submitted by Sir Matthew Dudley's
Company, for his opinion (see No. 311). ^ p. Inscribed.
Reed, the 1st June per Sir Matt. Dudley. [Board of Trade. New
England, 6. No. 63 ; and 35, p. 27.]

318. John Povey to Sir Henry Ashurst. Warning him to
attend the Committee of Trade and Plantations on the morrow,
upon the business of New Hampshire. Draft. ^ p. [Board of
Trade. New Hampshire, 1. No. 24.]

319. John Povey to Samuel Allen. Forwarding copies of the
addresses from New Hampshire, and warning him that the matter
will be considered on the morrow. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXVII.,
p. 219.]

320. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. The question
of Commissions of reprisals considered, and orders given for
preparing a draft Commission.

The address from New Hampshire read, and decision taken.

Captain Thomas Gardner's petition read and referred to
Lord Howard of Emngham. [Board of Trade. Journal, 7.
pp. 187-189.]

321. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. That Mr.
Wallis and others concerned attend at the meeting of 13 May,
touching two addresses received from New Hampshire. Draft. % p.
[Board of Trade. New Hampshire, 1. No. 25.]

322. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. The addresses
from New Hampshire not appearing to have been presented by any
duly authorised person, it is advised that the Governor of that

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

97

1698.

May 3.

May 3.

May 3.

Whitehall.

May 4.

Whitehall.

May 4.

Whitehall.

May 4.

May 4.
May 4.

province be ordered to consult with the Council and Assembly and
propose what shall be done for its security. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. L^VII.,pp.. 219-220.]

323. William Blathwayt to the Attorney and Solicitor General,
and to the Judge of the Admiralty Court. Desiring them to prepare a
commission for Governors Kendall and Russell to enable them to
erect Courts of Reprisal. Draft. I p. [Board of Trade.
Plantations General, 2. No. 51; and Jamaica, 53. No. 51.
p. 141.]

324. Extract from the Commission of Governor Beeston relating
to the Admiralty, with a marginal note. 5 pp. Endorsed, Referred
to the Commissioners of the Admiralty. []-><>ard of Trade.
Plantations General, 2. No. 52 ; and (in part only) Col. Entry
Bk., Vol. C., p. 208.]

325. [W T illiam Blathwayt] to Mr. Sotherne. Forwarding
extract of Governor Kendall's letter as to the omission of the
Commissioners of the Navy and for Victualling to take up his bills,
for the consideration of the Admiralty. [Col. Entry ]Jk., Vol.
VIII., p. 352.]

326. Order of the Privy Council. For a letter to be prepared
from the Queen directing the Governor of New Hampshire to
consult with the Council and Assembly and propose what shall be
done for the security of the province and support of the
Government. Sif/ncd. Rich. Colinge. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol.
LXVIL,p. 220.] '

327. Order of the Privy Council. That Sir Edmund Andros
be ordered to discharge Luke Lopdell's recognisance to answer for
his ship. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 36. pp. 233-284.]

328. Order of the Privy Council. On recommendation of the
Lords of Trade and Plantations of 1 May, ordered that the copy of
petition of William Lovell and others be sent to Sir Edmund
Andros with directions to enquire as to the same, and if the state-
ment of the petition be correct, to restore them their ship and goods.
[Board of Trade. Virginia, 36. pp. 236-237.]

329. Minutes of Council of New York. Order for payments.
The Mayor directed to mount ten of the great guns brought out by
the Governor. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., p. 421.]

330. Minutes of Council of Jamaica,
returned members of Assembly :
John Walters \

John Dore

James Whitchurch )

John Bonner )

James Banister )

Henry Low 1

Richard Dawkins j

Thomas Ayscough [

Fulke Rose I

The following were

St. Katherine's

St. Dorothy's
Clarendon

St. John's

80CO

98

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

May 5.

May 6.

May 8.

St. Thomas in the Vale
St. Andrew's

Port Royal

St. David's
St. Thomas's
St. George's
St. Mary's
St. Ann's
St. James's
St. Elizabeth's

Yere

Francis Rose

Matthew Gregory

Thomas Clark

Edward Harrison

Anthony Stoddart

Lancelot Talbot

Robert Wardlow

Edward Turner

John Clark

Moodyford Freeman

Nicholas Richardson

John Moone

William Hutchinson

Andrew Langley

Michael Figes

William Whitehead

John Abraham

Usher Tyrrell

John White

Leonard Claibourne

Michael Houldsworth

George Ivy

Thomas Fisher
Andrew Langley was presented as Speaker, and approved.
William Doddington and Joseph Bathwisk admitted Clerks of the
Common Pleas for Port Royal, by Patent.

331. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for careening of
H.M.S. Mordaunt.

Order for payment for fitting out a sloop. [Board of Trade.
Jamaica, 77. pp. 249-251.]

332. Minutes of Council and Assembly of Montserrat. The
Assembly proposed to the Lieutenant-Governor and Council that a
general sessions be held with all speed, that creditors against the
public bring in their accounts, that the Treasurer's accounts be
audited, and that the Militia Act be put in execution. In reply
to certain proposals of the Council the Assembly answered : (1) That
the season being so dry it would be loss of time to begin entrench-
ing, but that the places fit for fortification be viewed and plans
considered. (2) That the arms returned by the men employed in the
late expedition be delivered to the custody of the commissioned
officers. (3) That a letter be written to the Governor in Chief asking
him to draw bills (as allowed by the King) on the English Treasury,
for hire of transports ; to appoint a time for holding general
sessions ; and to send to Montserrat the great guns allotted for it,
which are now at Nevis. (4) That the wounded men of the late
expedition receive 2s. 3d. a day till cured, and that the provisions
for relief of widows of soldiers be enforced. (5) That officers be
reimbursed the money spent by them on their men, including com-
pensation to one of them who lost a man by desertion. (6) That
the Governor's late disbursements be discharged as soon as possible.
[Col Entry BL, Vol. XLVI1L, pp. 315, 316.]

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 99

1693.

May 9. 333. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for H.M.S.
Guernsey to cruise round the Island till the merchant ships are
ready to sail under her convoy. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 77.
p. 251.]

May 9. 334. Governor Kendall to Earl of Nottingham. On the 18th
Barbados. April I received an account from Sir F. Wheler, dated from the
Resolution, at anchor in Cul de Sac, Martinique, 12th April, to the
following effect : Leaving Barbados on 30 March he anchored in
the Cul de Sac Marine of Martinique on the morning of 1 April,
and at once went on board a sloop with Colonels Foulke and
Lloyd and Mr. Codrington to find a convenient landing place. He
was struck by a bullet under the left pap, which, after drawing
blood and bruising him sorely, fell at his feet. The army would
have landed that day, but that the wind blew too fresh to tow the
boats to windward ; but on Sunday 2 April, by 9 o'clock in the
morning, Colonel Foulke was landed with a thousand men, and
the whole of the forces before nightfall. By Monday night all the
Cul de Sac Marine, consisting of a great number of sugar- works, was
destroyed, and on Wednesday the troops embarked again. Since
the several parties have destroyed all the plantations on that side
the Dimond for many miles. Their loss was slight, the enemy
always flying before us. On the Sunday following, 9th April,
Governor Codrington arrived with about 800 Creoles in two regi-
ments, under Colonels Williams and Blakiston, and five hundred of
Lloyd-'s regiment. Sir F. Wheler writes that Fort Royal appears to
be a difficult work, and so no doubt it is. Therefore I hope they will
follow my advice and not attempt it till they have destroyed all the
plantations on Martinique and Guadeloupe. Colonel Boteler, of one
of the Barbados regiments, has been brought back very ill of a fever,
also an officer of Baiter's, who was accidentally shot. Both are in a
fair way of recovery. The troops continue in perfect health and
cheerfulness. After this news you will doubtless be mightily sur-
prised to hear that in April the fleet and forces quitted Martinique,
declined to go on to Guadeloupe, and have returned all the Creoles
to their respective islands. These are matters of such consequence
that I have enclosed to you the whole of the notes of the Councils
of War on the subject. The news has put this Island into great
consternation, but I hope to prevail with them in a little time to
recover their senses. Let me renew my request for frigates in
October, not for the reasons formerly assigned, but for the safety
and preservation of the Island. Let me ask also for a regiment of
foot to be quartered here during the war, for if the French should
attack us with no greater strength than that with which we
attempted them I shall have great reason to doubt of success.
Signed. J. Kendall. HolograpJt. 2 pp. Endorsed, R. July 4, '93.
Enclosures wanting. [America and West Indies. 456. No. 50.]

May 9. 335. Governor Kendall to Lords of Trade and Plantations.

Barbados. This letter is identical with that to Lord Nottingham of the same

date. Endorsed, Reed. 5 July. Abstract read 18 Sept. '93.

[Board of Trade. Barbados, 5. No. 12; and Col. Entry Bk.,

Vol. VIII., pp. 369-372.]

100 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

May 10. 336. Governor Codrington to Lords of Trade and Plantations,
r f * h On the 16th September the Wild, frigate, arrived here with the
Queen's letter announcing that a squadron would arrive here at the
end of August, and ordering me to get ready the militia with
provisions and transport to join it. Accordingly I sailed to each
Island of my Government, laid the letter before the Councils and
Assemblies, and pressed them with the greatest earnestness to join
the King's forces with their utmost strength. They with all
earnestness assented, enacting laws for the raising of forces and
supplying them with victuals, and, I myself issuing commissions
and press-warrants for transport ships -and provisions, all was soon
ready. But the squadron was detained for so long in Europe that
it was the 6th of March before the welcome news came to me from
Sir Francis Wheler of his arrival at Barbados, with the resolutions
of the Council of War that the Leeward forces should join it to
leeward of Martinique. On this I at once returned to St. Christo-
phers and sent expresses to the other Islands to embark their forces
and be ready to be taken under convoy by me on my return to
Antigua, the most windward of these Islands, where notwithstanding
great calms I arrived on the 25th of March. On mustering the
forces of that Island I found them universally backward to go under
a stranger, notwithstanding all the encouragement which I gave
them on one hand, and threats on the other hand if they declined.
At last they assured me that they would go cheerfully if I went with
them, on which I gave them my promise, which took away their
dissatisfaction, and encouraged fifty more men to enlist than w r ere
appointed under the Act ; for I preferred to go with the forces of
my Government as a volunteer without any command rather than
that the King's service should want all the furtherance that I could
give it. By the 2nd of April I embarked, with the Leeward
Island forces, consisting of about 1,000 men, mostly freeholders
and men of substance, and by much the better half of the
strength of my Government. In eight days most of our
forces joined the squadron at the Cul de Sac, Martinique, the rest
arriving a few daj's later. Of our safely landing the whole army
near Fort St. Pierre, on the 17th April, our repulsing the enemy to
their fortifications at the town, and of our re-embarking on the 21st
April, you will doubtless have received a full account from the
Commanders-in-Chief. But I returned with the Leeward Island
forces, when having taken care for the discharge of the transports
and the quartering of Colonel Lloyd's regiment I sailed at once to
St. Christophers, where I found Sir F. W T heler with the squadron,
refreshing and taking in water. Both soldiers and sailors were
sickly, though much better there than they could possibly be in any
other Island of this Government, St. Christophers being far the
healthiest and best watered of them all.

And now I hope you will pardon me if I presume to offer what I
conceive has very much disappointed the King's intentions in this
expensive and not so happy expedition. First the time of the fleet's
arrival proved unhappy, for in these climates the great rains fall in
May, which would have been very fatal had our army been then in
the field; whereas, had the squadron been able to sail from Europe
in September or the beginning of October, as the Queen's letter had

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

101

1093.

May 10.

St.
Christophers.

May 10.

St.
Christophers.

[May.]

signified, we should have had a prospect of success and of finishing
the conquest of the French Islands before the rains could annoy us.
Again, the King's instructions to the squadron positively ordering it
to leave the Islands by the last day of May, the time allowed was
far too short for so great a work. By setting forth at the beginning
of April there remained but two months to destroy Martinique and
Guadeloupe, islands so strong and large that the King would have
been well served if the work had been done in four months. Further
by the great delay of the squadron the French were animated, and
had full time to fortify themselves after the best manner. But,
above all, the forces from Europe were not strong enough for so
great work, the Islands being thin of inhabitants, the people much
wasted by war and their numbers lessened more than one half by
sickness. Had two more regiments of seasoned men been sent, the
expense would have been well recompensed by the destruction of
the whole French sugar-trade, an advantage of which you are
doubtless sufficiently sensible. Now on the other hand these Islands
having the whole burden of the war upon them are much wasted,
so that their safety compelled rne to acquaint Sir Francis Wheler
of the danger in case the enemy should make any attempt on us
and we be without any force to withstand them. Our numbers are
so small that all the forces dispersed in the several Islands of this
Government would not, if assembled, suffice for the defence of one.

I beg that you will represent this to the King, to the end that he
may grant us a sufficient sea-force for our protection. Should he
favour us with a land-force also, strong enough to attempt the
French Islands, he will find the inhabitants express their loyalty
zealously and cheerfully by venturing their lives and fortunes in
his service. Signed. Chr. Codrington. 2 doseli/ written, paycs.
Endorsed, Eec. 5 July, 1693. Read 18 Sept., 1693. [Board oj
Trade. Leeward Islands, 4. No. 12 ; and 44. pp. 119-124] .

337. Governor Codrington to [the Lord President '?]. I have
duly received letters up to the 29th December. I need not trouble
you ^^ repe tition of the reports that I have made to the Lords of
Trade and Plantations. Siyncd. Chr. Codrington. 1 p. Endorsed,
R. July 4, 93. [America and West Indies. 551. No. 78J.

338. Governor Codrington to Sir Francis Wheler. After con-
sideration of my late discourse with you and Colonel Foulke, I am
t oo QQ-^^IQ that the great mortality among your sailors and officers
makes it impossible for us to expect you to return hither from New
England, since the people there have always shewn aversion to
serving in the fleet. I must therefore beg you to represent the
matter to the King, as I shall myself, to the end that we may not be
left defenceless. Copy. ^ p. [America and West Indies. 551.
No. 79.]

339. A list of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers and sea-
men in the West Indian Squadron, who have died since leaving
England; 7 commanders, 3 lieutenants, 3 masters, 7 gunners,

II carpenters, 4 chaplains, 8 pursers, 7 boatswains, 8 surgeons,
9 cooks, 608 seamen. Total, 668. The names of the officers arc
given. Sufned. Fra. Wheler. 2 pp. [America and West Indies.
551. iVo. 80.]

102 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

[May.] 340. A List of officers dead in the two regiments with Sir

Francis Wheler's squadron. In Colonel Foulke's regiment, the
Colonel, 1 Captain, and " about 6 subalterns." In Colonel
Goodwyn's regiment, the Colonel, Major, 6 captains, "and about 10
lieutenants and ensigns." Here follows a summary of Ilie losses
in the fleet, for which see preceding abstract. Signed. Fra.
Wheler. 1 p.

' Copy of the preceding. 1 p. Endorsed, Reed. 20 Mar., 93-4.
[America and West Indies. 551. Nos. 81, 82.]

May 11. 341. Minutes of Council of Nevis. The Assembly agreed
to the Council's proposal for billeting three companies of Lloyd's
regiment, just returned from Martinique, for obtaining if possible
arms for the Island from Sir F. Wheler and for appointing
a place of refuge for women, stock, etc., in case of an invasion.
The Assembly refused to agree with the Council as to abating
the value of pieces-of-eight. The Council on petition of William
Bates agreed that his accounts should be settled by the gentleman
who adjusts the Island's accounts. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XLVIII.,
pp. 274, 275.]

May 11. 342. Minutes of Council of New York. A letter from Sir W.
Phips complaining of Captain Chant of II. M.S. Aldborough was
opened, and the Captain being summoned and denying every article
of the complaint was ordered to send his answer by first opportunity.
The letter also announced that Connecticut and Rhode Island had
refused to send the 200 men ordered by Sir W. Phips to march to
Governor Fletcher's assistance. Order for the delivery of ammuni-
tion to the fort. Sundry business connected with the collecting of
taxes, and the furnishing of men for the frontier. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXXV., pp. 422, 423.]

May 11. 343. Proclamation of the Proprietors of Carolina. That no
obedience be given to Seth Sothell, unless he receive fresh powers
from the Palatine and majority pf the proprietors. Signed. Craven,
Ashley, G. Carteret, P. Colleton, John Archdale for Thomas Arch-
dale, P. Colleton. [Board of Trade. Carolina, 4. p. 1.]

May 11. 344. Lords Proprietors of Carolina to Governor Philip
Ludwell. Your letter of 27 August is come to hand, but not the
further papers as to Mr. Sothell's proceedings. The power of the
proprietors is not vested in any one of them but in the majority of
them, and for him to oppose that majority is high treason. We now
send you a declaration, which you will publish, so that none may
pretend ignorance. Signed as the preceding. [Board of Trade.
Carolina, 4. p. 2.]

May 13. 345. Lieutenant-Governor Sir William Beeston to the Earl of
Jamaica. Nottingham. The Guernsey was lately ordered to England by Sir
F. Wheler, but I have detained her until the convoy is ready to sail
at the beginning of June, and have meanwhile sent her to cruise
round the Island. The Assembly is sitting, and is as unanimous
as the people were in choosing them. The places here being
mostly given by patent I had nothing in my gift for Mr. Hanses,
whom you recommended to me, except the Judge-Advocate's place

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 103

1693.

in the Admiralty. The Attorney General is much displeased at
this and pretends to go to England in the Guernsey, as he says for
his health, but, as is well known, to complain. I do not believe
that he will go, but what he will write may be ill enough. The
place has generally been distinct from the Attorney General's here,
and is always so in England. I have told him that if it be his due
it shall be restored to him, and if not I know not why he should
expect it. I have been the best friend he ever had in the Island,
but to little purpose. His relation to Lord Rochester makes me
wish to be kind to him and to take no notice of many things that
happen, but it was an unhappy thing for the Island that the place
fell to his share, and we have not yet had the experience how it will
answer to Their Majesties. However I shall always treat him as
Their Majesties' officer, and beg that no accusation may be received
against me till I can be heard in my defence, when I doubt not that
I shall be able to acquit myself of any private animosities that
discontented spirits may say against me. Were I an angel I am
sure that I could not please everyone, tivjned. Win. Beeston.
1-2 PP- [America and West Indies. 540. No. 31.]

May 13. 346. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for the sloop Ad-
venture to be taken into the King's service. Richard Lloyd sworn
judge of the Admiralty Court. [Hoard of Trade. Jamaica, 77.
p. 252.]

May 15. 347. Governor Codrington to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
St. I shall shortly send you accounts of all public acts and proceedings

Christophers. j n these Islands, with the number of inhabitants able to bear arms,
muster-rolls of the King's forces and an account of the revenue. I
shall draw bills on the Treasurer of the Navy for hire of transports,
as directed. The pay and subsistence of Colonel Lloyd's regiment
is ordered to be discharged out of the four and a half per cent, duty,
which customs were some time since ordered to be remitted home, so
that at present there is no fund here to supply them. Colonel Lloyd
has asked me to represent this, in order that methods may be found
for their speedy payment, otherwise the officers will be greatly dis-
couraged. I must inform you also that Sir F. Wheler's squadron
caught an infection or plague from the merchant ships in harbour
at Barbados, which has much wasted both the sailors and soldiers on
board. Since our leaving Martinique to this time the sickness has
increased with such rage that, as Sir Erancis informs me, he has lost
half his sailors and most of his officers. After discourse with him
I am of opinion that he cannot reasonably be expected to return
with his squadron to these Islands, according to the Royal orders.
Again the aversion that the people of New England have always
shewn to serve in the King's fleet will make their sailors abscond
and make us despair of recruiting with sailors there. But I must
remind you of the weakness of these Islands, which is such that
without the attendance of a squadron they are in danger of being
lost. Since we cannot expect Sir F. Wheler to return hither we are
dependent on your representations to the King to provide for our
safety. If another squadron be sent, we beg that it may not be
sent to Barbados, which has been very fatal to all the sailors hitherto

104 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

sent out ; whereas the Leeward Islands are healthy. Signed.
Chr. Codrington. 3 pp. Endorsed, Reed. 5 July, 161)3. Abs.
read 18 Sept., 1693. [Board of Trade. Leeward Islands, 4.
No. 13; and 44. pp. 124-127.]

May 15. 348. Minutes of Council of New York. The Councillors
resolved to provide most of the presents for the Indians from their
own warehouses and to purchase the remainder in the town.
Report of the prices at which naval stores can be exported ;
production would be no difficulty if properly encouraged. Resolved
to recommend that Sir F. Wheler be apprised that flour and biscuit
are very scarce owing to a blight on the corn last summer, but that
plenty of beef can be afforded next November, and of flour next
January ; and that pork is supplied only by Virginia and Maryland.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 423, 424.]

May 17. 349. Copies of letters from Jamaica to merchants in London.

16 Mai/. I wrote to you formerly about insuring on board sundry
ships that were to sail under convoy of the Guernsey. I now find
that the captain of the Guernsey intends to sail to-morrow morning
without the knowledge of the Governor, or indeed of hardly any-
one. I fear that this wilful action of Oakley may spoil the
insurance made on the ships that were to sail under the convoy.

17 Mat/. The above is a copy of a letter which we sent you by
three ships, which are still at sea, a few leagues away. Our plans
have been upset by the captain of the Guernsey, which started on a
cruise twelve days ago until the merchant vessels here were ready.
He came back in sight of this port, but only sent his lieutenant
ashore to advise the Governor that he was sailing for London by
the Admiralty's orders. We have only just learned that he is ready
for this voyage, so can do nothing unless some accident happens to
delay him. This latter letter is in French. The icJiole, 1-J pp.
[Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. No. 14.]

May 18. 350. Minutes of Council of New York. Authority given to the
farmers of the excise of New York city to collect the same. Order
for twenty- six more men sent to the frontier to replace as many
deserters. [Col. Entry 13k., Vol. LXXV., pp. 424-425.]

May 18. 351. Order of the Privy Council. Referring the petition of
Colonel John Hallett to Lords of Trade and Plantations for report.
J p. Signed. Richard Colinge. Annexed,

351 i. Petition of John Hallett to the Queen. Setting forth his
case against Governor Kendall, and praying that ,2,500
may not be taken from him on the Governor's mere dis-
pleasure. Co}>y. 2 pp. The whole endorsed, Reed. 20 May.
Read 12 June, 1693. [Board of Trade. Barbados, 5.
Nos. 13, 13 1.; and Col. Entry Bk., Vol. VIII., pp. 353-
358.]

[May 19.] 352. Petition of Thomas Gardner to the King. During the
rebellion in Virginia in 1676, I received a warrant from Sir William
Berkeley for the arrest of Nathaniel Bacon, for the taking of whom
a reward of 200 was offered. I did apprehend him, but though I
have made frequent applications I have never received the reward,

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 105

1693.

and I beg that you will order it to be paid to me. 1 j>. Annexi'd,
352. i. A further statement of Gardner's case, shewing that he

had received .25 from Lord Howard of Effingham, but

for the securing of Giles Bland and not for the arrest of

Bacon. 2J pp.
352. ii. Warrant of Governor Sir William Berkeley constituting

Thomas Gardner Vice-admiral of the fleet riding at James

City. 9 September, 1676. Copy. 1 j).
352. in. Letter of Sir William Berkeley to Thomas Gardner, 13

September, 1676. Ordering him to keep Giles Bland in

custody. Orif/inal. J j>.
352. iv. Warrant of Sir William Berkeley to Thomas Gardner, for

the arrest of Nathaniel Bacon. 7 January, 1676-7. Copy.

I p.
352. v. Order of the General Assembly of Virginia. 20 February,

1676-7 ; that the thanks of the Assembly be given to

Thomas Gardner, with regret that the Assembly cannot

reward him as it w r ould. Copy. 1 p.
352. vi. Letter of recommendation in favour of Thomas Gardner

from the English Commissioners. 4 May, 1677. Copy. ^ ]>.
352. vn. Order of King Charles II. for the payment of a bounty

of 111 to Thomas Gardner for his good service in

Virginia. 17 March, 1677-8. Copy. p.
352. vin. The Lord Treasurer's warrant for the payment of the

above sum of 111 to Thomas Gardner. 20 March,

1677-8. Copy. p.
352. ix. Copy of the Order in Council of 12 October, 1691, on a

former petition of Gardner's, and of Lord Howard of

Emngham's report thereon at that time. 1 p. [.Board

of Trade. Virginia, 5. Nos. 18, 18 i.-ix. ; and (icithout

enclosure) 36. pp. 274-276.]

May 20. 353. Minutes of Council of New York. Orders for detachment
of the quota of Nassau Island for Albany. An account of affairs to
be written to the Governor. [Co/. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., p.

425.]

May 22. 354. John Povey to the Attorney General. Forwarding the
laws of Virginia passed on 16 April, 1691 and 1 April, 1692, for
report as to their fitness to be confirmed. List of the said laws.
[Board of Trade. Virginia, 36. pp. 238-240.]

[May.] 355. Abstracts of the Virginian Act for ports, and to revise the

Act for encouragement of manufactures. 1^ pp. and 4J pp.
[Board of Trade. Virginia, 5. Nos. 19, 20.]

May 22. 356. Minutes of Council of Nevis. The Council and Assembly
agreed to quarter the officers of three companies of Lloyd's
regiment, but not their wives. Joint Committee appointed to
choose a place of refuge for the women, etc. in case of invasion.

May 23. Joint Committee appointed to agree with the owners of land
before clearing the place of refuge. New auditors appointed to
inspect the accounts of the expedition to St. Kitts, those formerly
appointed being dead. Joint Committee appointed to draw up
select articles of war. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XLVIII., pp. 275, 276.]

106

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.
May 23.

Whitehall.

May 23.

May 24.

Jamaica.

357. The Queen to Lieutenant-Governor Usher and the
Council of New Hampshire. Directing them, together with the
Assembly, to represent the true condition of the province, and what
may he done for the security of the inhabitants and the support of
the Government. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXVIL, p. 221.]

358. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for payment for
the passage of English prisoners from Hispaniola. Order for
payment for fortifications. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 77. p. 252.]

359. Lieutenant-Governor Sir William Beeston to Lords of
Trade and Plantations. The Guernsey, which was newly careened
at great cost, received orders from Sir F. Wheler to sail to England.
I in no way intended to obstruct those orders, but having the Royal
commands to send the merchant ships home under convoy as far as
possible I told Captain Oakley that they should be ready to sail
by the beginning of June and that in the meanwhile he should sail
round the Island in search of the French pickeroons that infest the
north side. Very unwillingly he went, but sailed only to the
eastward and then returned, anchored without orders, and brought
me a paper signed by his carpenter as his excuse. On this I told
him that if the Guernsey were not fit to sail round the Island she
was not capable of sailing home, and that I would therefore
order her to be surveyed. This he permitted, and the ship
was found sound and in good condition. On this he wrote
me a letter and immediately weighed and came about thirty
leagues to leeward of Port Royal, where I understand that he
means to stay till the 1st of June for his own advantage and
in hopes that money will be sent him as freight, but to keep
himself from all authority here. I send you the papers relating
to the affair. Captain Maynard has now orders for the Mordaunt
to sail for England, but I have the King's command to keep
him here. This will show you how the orders differ ; but the
Island being in want of assistance, having neither fortifications,
men nor money (of which Sir F. Wheler knew nothing when he
gave the order), the Council and Assembly desired me to keep the
Mordaunt and to represent their condition to you. I have now
sent their representation in their own words and beg you to lay it
before Their Majesties. The Assembly are now sitting and go on
very unanimously, there being an agreeable temper between
those remains that are left. They have passed a bill for
keeping the 7th of June annually as a day of humiliation,
and for the present supply of the country's wants are raising
money to fit out two sloops to follow the French pickeroons
that infest our coasts and plunder the poor inhabitants daily.
Seiior Porcio of the Assiento being bound a few days since to
Porto Bello in a Spanish sloop had his ship seized by the naval
officer for having dry goods on board for the Spanish trade.
Finding that it gave great offence and might prove of ill consequence
and cause the removal of that beneficial interest (which they daily
threaten for want of supplies of negroes), I have remitted to them
my own and the Royal thirds, which has pacified them. I beg your
approbation hereof. Signed. Win. Beeston. Holograph. I p.

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 107

1693.

Endorsed, Heed. 23 Aug. '93. Abstract read 18 Sept. Enclosed,

359. i. Order of Sir William Beeston to Captain Oakley. For
H.M.S. Guernsey to cruise round Jamaica in search of
French privateers, until the merchant-ships are ready to
sail under his convoy at the beginning of June. Dated,
5 May, 1693.

Order of Sir William Beeston for the survey of H.M.S.
Guernsey, Captain Oakley having represented her as unfit
to sail round the Island. Dated, 15 May, 1693.

Report of the officers appointed to survey H.M.S.
Guernsey. That she is fit to sail to England. Dated,
17 Mav, 1693. Copies. The ichole, 2^ pp. Endorsed,
Reed. 23 Aug. 1693.

359. ii. Captain Oakley to Sir William Beeston. H.M.S. Guernsey,
17 May, 1693. My ship being reported sound, and my
orders being to give notice to merchant vessels that I am
about to sail for England and, if none of them be ready, to
sail without them, I beg to inform you that I shall sail to
Blewfields Bay to water, and await your commands there
till the 1st of June, which is reported to be the day which
you have appointed for the sailing of the convoy. Copy.
1 ;>. Endorsed, Reed. 23 Aug. 1693.

359. in. Speech of Sir William Beeston to the Assembly of Jamaica.
I think that you will feel grateful to Their Majesties for
sending as Governor one who is personally known to you,
and who is a fellow sufferer with you in your recent cala-
mities. You will find the Treasury so far postponed that
unless you make additions to the revenue beyond the
scope of the perpetual Revenue Act we cannot re-erect
our fortifications and public buildings. I recommend
the more effectual collection of the quit-rents. I would
recommend the setting, apart of the 7th of June as a
day of fasting and humiliation for ever, and I beg you
not to be jealous of the Council, whose interest is the
same as yours, but to consult and w r ork with them, and
to avoid quarrels and disputes. Copy. 2 pp. Endorsed,
4 May. Reed. 23 Aug. '93.

359. iv. Duplicate of No. III.

359. v. Address of the Council and Assembly of Jamaica to Sir
William Beeston. Sir F. Wheler having ordered H.M.S.
Mordaunt to sail to England with such merchant-vessels
as are ready to depart, we beg you to order her to
stay about this Island, which otherwise we fear will be
in danger of falling into the hands of the enemy. We
beg you also to represent to Their Majesties the damage
which this Island has sustained through the disobe-
dience and misbehaviour of the captains of their ships,
and in particular of Captain Oakley, who has refused
to comply with any orders that he has received before
or since your arrival. We beg you also to point out
that the reason for Their Majesties being so ill served
in those parts is that ships are not under the orders of
the Governors ; for it is impossible that anyone at so

108 COLONIAL PAPEKS.

1693.

great a distance as Sir Francis Wheler, or any other on
the station, can be aware of our danger owing to the
presence of so powerful an enemy to windward. Copy.
Large sheet. Endorsed, Reed. 22 Aug. '93. [Hoard of
Trade. Jamaica, 7. Nos. 15, 15 i.-iv. ; and (without en-
closures) 53. pp. 160-162.]

[May 24.] 360. Abstract of the preceding letter of Sir William Beeston.
1-2 PP- Endorsed, Piead 18 Sept. 1693. [Hoard of Trade.
Jamaica, 7. No. 16.]

May 24. 361. Samuel Bernard to the Earl of Nottingham. We are
Jamaica. sensible of Their Majesties' favour in sending us a Governor that is
a fellow sufferer with us in the late dreadful calamity, from which
we now hope to be restored. The Council and Assembly have made
a representation as to the inconvenience of Captains of Their
Majesties' ships not being under the orders of the Governor ; and
indeed the Governor here, being on the spot, must of necessity
understand what is required of them better than the most far-seeing
Admiral, unless he be more than mortal, especially at a time when
our fortifications are down and ourselves defenceless. We want
ships as moving castles until we can build fixed ones, or we run
risk of falling, even if meanly attacked. Since the attack on
Martinique I have seen the minutes of the Council of War, and the
reasons of the officers for drawing off after having done so little.
There I see that the gentlemen of Barbados and the Leeward
Islands intended not only to ruin the French, but to force them
down on us, as Colonel Codrington plainly says. So that they
pretend not only to spoil the sugar-trade of the French, but to
engross it to themselves, though almost unavoidably to the ruin of
Jamaica, if they had driven the French down on Hispaniola as they
did at St. Christophers. For at that place there was no medium
between starving and attempting us in this Island, which is of more
importance to the Crown than all the Windward Islands put
together except Barbados. This comes out so plainly that I thought
it worth while to put it before you. Signed . Sam. Bernard. 1 p.
Endorsed, R. Sept. 15, '93. [America and ]Veat Indies. 540.
No. 32.]

May 24. 362. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Order for sundry
payments on account of money advanced for the public service.
Leave granted for the enlargement of the north meeting-house at
Boston. Order for payment for a hired ship, which was lost
while returning from the expedition to Canada. Letter from
Captain Convers that he had arrived at Saco, without meeting any
of the enemy, and that he apprehends an attack on Pemaquid or
one of the towns to westward. Order for the Indians to be dismissed
but for the militia to continue abroad and to scout for the enemy.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV., pp. 233-235.]

May 24. 363. Minutes of Council of New York. Order for Lieut.-
Colonel Hicks to arrest certain suspected Indians.

May 25. Order for the inhabitants of Newtown to agree by majority at a
public meeting as to some expeditious method of collecting their

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

109

1693.

May 25.

May 25.

[May.]

May 25.

Whitehall.

May 25.

May 25.

Virginia.

quota of the tax. Order for payment of 15 for presents for the
Indians. [Col. Entry Bk., VoLLXXV., pp. 425, 426.]

364. The Attorney and Solicitor General to William Blathwayt.
Forwarding draft Commissions for the Governors of Barhados and
Jamaica to erect Courts for trial and condemnation of prizes. We
have left a blank for the boundaries. Xiyned. Edw. Ward, Tho.
Trevor. Mem. The draft was opposed by Sir Charles Hedges,
Judge of the Court of Admiralty. \ p.

Copy of the above. Endorsed, Read 25 May, 1693. [Board of
Trade. Plantations General, 2. Nos. 53, 54 ; and Jamaica, 53.
p. 141.]

365. Draft of Commission to erect prize Courts ; certified by
Sir Charles Hedges as fitting for the Governor of Barbados. 2 pp.
[Board of Trade. Plantations General, 2. No. 55 ; and Col. Entry
Ilk., Vol. C., pp. 300-305.]

366. Memorandum,
and James Kendall a:

That the Commissions of Francis Russell
Governors of Barbados and Jamaica

[Board oj

No. 14.]

respectively be laid before the Queen to-morrow. \ p
Trade. Barbados, 5.

367. Memorandum. That Mr. Russell begs leave to look over
his predecessors' instructions in order to be able to make suggestions
to their Lordships. -J- p. Undated. [Board of Trade. Barbados, 5.

No. 15.]

368. Order of the Privy Council. Referring the draft com-
missions for the Governors of Barbados and Jamaica to erect
Courts for trial and condemnation of prizes, to Lords of Trade and
Plantations for completion and report. Signed. Rich. Colinge.
J p. [Board of Trade. Plantations General, 2. No. 56 ; and
Jamaica, 53. ^. 142.]

369. Minutes of Council of Nevis. The Council and Assembly
agreed as to damages to be paid to proprietors of land where
property is occupied by the selected place of refuge. The Council
agreed on proposal of the Assembly that no sick persons be allowed
to land from a ship lately arrived from St. Kitts, as there is an
infectious distemper aboard her. [Col. Entry Bl\, Vol. XLVIIL,
pp. 276, 277.]

370. Proclamation of the Government of Virginia. Granting
power to Thomas Neale to establish ferries on all waters where the
power to do so is not already granted aw r ay by Letters Patent. Copy.
2 pp. Reed. 28 March, '94.

Duplicate of the above. [Board oj Trade. Virginia, 5. Nos.
21, 22 ; and Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXIV., p. 775.]

371. Minutes of Council of Virginia. Thomas Neale's patent
to erect Post Offices recorded, also Andrew Hamilton's deputation
from the Postmaster General in England. Proclamation ordered
as to Thomas Neale's patent to establish ferries.

Lieutenant-Colonel Fitzhugh took the oath and was bound
over to appear before the Governor and Council on the 17th

110 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1093.

October. A request of the Government of Maryland for Edward
Randolph to be remitted to their custody read, when it was
resolved that he ought not to be so remitted. Edward Randolph
was then brought up and discharged and William Anderson
suspended from the Commission of the peace for his behaviour in
arresting him. Order for embargo on all ships bound for Europe
until 30 June. James Sherlock sworn Clerk of Council in place of
William Edwards, resigned. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXXIV.,
pp. 807-810.]

May 26. 372. Governor Sir William Phips to Lieutenant-Governor
Boston. Usher. Complaint has been made to me of the seizure of the
barque Mary in Piscataqua River, for no cause known to the owner,
Mr. Peprell. This fresh complaint, with former ones of the same
nature, make me ask for what offence this vessel is detained. If
you claim jurisdiction over both banks of the river I should be in-
formed thereof, that the matter may be adjusted by the two Govern-
ments or by the King, for it is contrary to the royal instructions
that there should be hindrance to trade or misunderstandings be-
tween Governments. Certified cop//. 1 p. [Board of Trade. New
England, 6. No. 64.]

May 27. 373. Minutes of Council of New York. Order for Captain
Chant to seize a ship that has not cleared as the law directs, and
that an express be sent to arrest the captain who has absconded.
Order for a letter to the Governor asking when the Indians shall be
summoned to meet him at Albany. Robert Livingstone reported
that he had collected 1,075 of arrears of taxes of which 884 was
allowed to him, he having advanced that sum for payment of the
troops. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 426, 427.]

May 28. 374. Charles Hanses to the Earl of Nottingham. I must express
Jamaica. m y gratitude to you for your recommendation to Sir William
Beeston. Never was Governor more welcome to any country than
he to this, nor any country more grateful to you for sending him
here. You will always have its prayers and good wishes that you
will use your interest to continue him here till the work of recover-
ing the Island from ruin be perfected. No one else except
Mr. Bernard could have kept us from sinking, to such difficulties
has the earthquake reduced this once flourishing Island. Under
his government it begins once more to revive, and I am sure that
not many have laboured so hard for the service of their Majesties
and the people as he has since his arrival. Had I not the voice of
the people with me, I should not have presumed to write this.
Signed. Charles Hanses. 1J pp. Endorsed, R. Sept. 15, '93.
[America and West Indies. 540. A T o. 33.]

May 29. 375. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. A new clause
in the Commission for reprisals read and referred to the Admiralty.
Heads of enquiries to be made by the Commander-in-Chief of the
convoy to Newfoundland approved. [Board of Trade. Journal, 7.
p. 190.]

May 29. 376. John Povey to Mr. Sotherne. Forwarding the draft
Commissions for trial and condemnations of prizes in Barbados and

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. Ill

1093.

Jamaica, for the Admiralty to define the boundaries of jurisdiction.
Draft. % p. [Board of Trade. Plantations General, 2. No. 57 ;
and Jamaica, 53. p. 143.]

[May 29.] 377. Boundaries proposed for the jurisdiction of Prize Courts
in America. 1 p. [Board of Trade. Plantations General, 2.
No. 58.]

May 30. 378. William Blathwayt to the Secretary of the Admiralty.
Directing the Lords of the Admiralty to be ready with their report
as to the limits of jurisdiction of the Prize Courts of America, for
the meeting of the Lords of Trade on 1 June. Draft. \ p.
[Board of Trade. Plantations General, 2. No. 59.]

May 30. 379. Minutes of Council of Barbados. Return of the writs for
the election of an Assembly, and names of the members. r Co/.
Entry BL, Vol. XII., j>p. 404-407.]

May 31. 380. List of the Councillors, or Assistants, chosen by the
General Court of Massachusetts. For Massachusetts Baij ; William
Stoughton, Thomas Danforth, John Pyncheon, John Richards,
Nathaniel Saltonstall, Wait Winthrop, James Russell, Bartholomew
Gidney, Robert Pike, Elisha Cooke, John Hathorne, Elisha
Hutchinson, Samuel Sewall, Isaac Aldington, William Browne,
John Phillips, Jonathan Curwin, John Foster, Peter Serjeant.
For New Plymouth ; William Bradford, John Walley, Barnabas
Lothrop, Nathaniel Thomas, John Saffin. For Maine ; Francis
Hooke, Charle_s Frost, Samuel Donnell. For the country bettreen the
ricer Sagadchock and Nora Scotia ; Silvanus Davis. Memo. Mr.
Addington wrote Mr. Povey that all were approved by the Governor
except Elisha Cooke, in whose place Daniel Pierce was chosen and
accepted. 1 p. Endorsed. Reed. 21 October. [Board of Trade.
New England, 6. No. 65.]

May 31. 381. Minutes of General Assembly of Massachusetts. The
Assembly met pursuant to return of the writs. Sixty eight
Representatives present. The Representatives chose William Bond
for their Speaker, and proceeded to the election of twenty-eight
Councillors.

June 1. The Governor approved all the elected Councillors except Elisha
Cooke. Nineteen of the Councillors were sworn. Bill for a public
market in Boston read.

June 2. Daniel Pierce elected Councillor in lieu of Elisha Cooke, and
accepted.

June 3. James Taylor elected Treasurer. Bill for prevention of clan-
destine sales. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV., 393-398.]

June 1. 382. Minutes of Council of New York. The difference about
the assessment of Newtown still continuing, it was ordered that two
men of each party attend the Council on the 3rd inst. [Col. Entry
Bk., Vol. LXXV., p. 427.]

June 2. 383. Petition of Benjamin Skutt to the Queen in Council.
Praying that, in consequence of the losses of West Indian
merchants, he may have a licence for his advice-boat of 150 tons

112 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1698.

and 16 guns to sail to and from Barbados, also a commission for
her as a private man-of-war, and immunity from embargo or press-
gang. 1 p.

Orer page. Order of the King, of 2 June, referring the petition
to Lords of Trade and Plantations for report. Sif/ncd. J. Tren-
chard. The irhole endorsed, Reed. 12 June, '93. [Board of Trade.
Barbados, 5. No. 16.]

June 2. 384. Minutes of Council of Xevis. The Assembly agreed with
the Council to draw up an address to the King, asking for despatch
of another squadron. Joint Committee appointed to levy an
assessment. The Assembly again refused to accept the Council's
proposal as to altering the value of pieces-of-eight except by repeal
of the existing Act ; to which the Council agreed. [C W. Entry Bk.,
Vol. XLVI1L, p. 277.]

June 3. 385. Minutes of Council of New York. The disputing parties
from Newtown being heard, it was ordered that the present
assessment be forthwith completed by the present assessors.
[Col. Entry ML, Vol. LXXV., p. 427.]

June 5. 386. Minutes of Council of New York. The Governor returned
and reported that though he could prevail little with the people and
Government of Pennsylvania, yet that he had gained them to sub-
mit to the Royal Government and his own administration, and to
furnish a little assistance which, though trifling, was an introduction
of a future supply. He also reported that Virginia had given 600
(New York money) towards the assistance of this province, in the
form of bills on England, which bills Mr. Van Cortlandt at once
accepted. The Council resolved itself into a grand Committee on
the present Act of Revenue. Order for material to the value of 7
to be furnished to Jonathan Marsh for experiments on the model of
a new vessel of his invention.

June 6. The letters from Virginia and Maryland as to assistance
read, and the Governor desired to return thanks. The Governor
reported that sixty men were wanting to make up the complement
of the force on the frontier. Resolved to examine the Militia Act
and see what provision is made against deserters and absconders.

June 7. Order for Colonel William Smith and Colonel Willett to go to
Queen's County and enquire as to the foundation of a rumour of
an insurrection of Indians in Nassau Island. Resolved that
H.M.S. Aldborough accompany the Governor, there being rumours
that the French have gained over the Five Nations. Resolved that
Colonel Lodowyck be authorised to explain the state of affairs in the
province to the authorities in England. Agreed to discharge the
ship Elizabeth, her papers being in order.

June 8. Agreed to replace John Young by Colonel William Smith in
command of the detachment of Suffolk County for the frontier.
Order for Captain Edward Chant to answer Sir W. Phips's accusa-
tions in writing. Orders for sundry payments. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXXV., pp. 428-433.]

[June 5.] 387. Lord Howard of Effingham to Lords of Trade and Planta-
tions. Thomas Gardner did apply to me when I was in Virginia
for the 41200 promised by Sir W. Berkeley for taking Bacon during

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 113

1693.

the rebellion ; but the revenue being very low I paid him but 25,
on which I heard no more of him until the present petition. I was
told by the Council at the time that he did very good service in
apprehending Bacon, but I do not know if he has received any more
of that gratuity. Sir/ned. Effingham. Holograph. 1 p. Endorsed,
Reed. 5 June, 1693. \Board of Trade. Virginia, 5. Xo. 23 ; and
36. pp. 276-277.]

June 6. 388. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Order for payment
of 10 to Elizabeth Fothergill for nursing two sick men of H. M.S.
Conception. Order for payment of 100 to Increase Mather as
President of Harvard College. [Co/. Entn/ /*/,-., Vol. LXIV.,
p. 239.]

June 6. 389. Minutes of General Assembly of Massachusetts. Several
Councillors sworn. Bill to prevent clandestine sales read a second
time. Four Councillors appointed to thank Increase Mather for
his sermon. Bill for confirmation of titles in Martha's Vineyard
read a first time. Bartholomew Green allowed to set up a press in
Boston, for the printing of what is licensed only.

June 7, Proclamation for apprehension of deserters from Their Majesties'
service. Bills for restraining excessive usury, and to regulate the
building of ships read a first time. James Taylor approved as
Treasurer.

June 8. The bills as to usury and ship-building passed. Bill to encourage
a Post Office read a first time.

June 9. Post Office bill passed. William and Benjamin Browne sworn of
the peace in Essex County, and John Carey approved as Clerk of
the peace etc. in Bristol County. Bill for confirming titles in
Martha's Vineyard read a second time. Order for payment of the
expenses of the Commissioners who visited Martha's Vineyard.
Bill for better collection of the Impost and Excise duties read a first
time.

June 10. Bill for better securing the estates of deceased persons read a
first time. [Col Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV., pp. 398-402.]

June 7. 390. Lords of the Admiralty to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
We think that all prizes taken to westward of Fayal should be
within the jurisdiction of the Admiralty Courts to be established in
America. Signed. Falkland, J. Lowther, Robt. Austen. \ p.
Endorsed, Reed. 9 June. Read 12th June, 1693. \_Board of
Trade. Plantations General, 2. X'o. 60 : and Jamaica, 53.
p. 143.]

June 10. 391. Minutes of Council of New 7 York. William Pinhorne
readmitted to the Council on his coming to live in New York.
Orders for repairs of the fort. The Committee presented its report
as to the debts of the Colony and the manner of paying them.
Order for the payment of the debts enumerated by them.
[Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXX]'., pp. 433, 434.]

June 10. 392. Lieutenant-Governor Sir William Beestoii to the Earl of

Jamaica. Nottingham. Since my last I have news from Carthagena that a

strong rebellion of blacks was lately designed in and about that

city. The plot having been revealed to the Governor by a negro

8060 H

114 COLONIAL 1'Al'ERS.

1G93.

boy the soldiers were presently ordered in arms, who fell upon all
the negroes, free as well as slaves, that they met in the city, and
destroyed them. The Governor then raised about 2,000 men,
marched into the Country and fell upon all that they met with
there. I cannot yet say bow many they killed, but they themselves
say about 300. Yet before this could be accomplished (so the
report says) the blacks seized upon about sixty of the handsomest
young virgins and carried them into the woods. This will cause
a great want and make negroes dear amongst them. When I sent
the Falcon to cruise on the coast of Hispaniola, there being no
negroes here to supply the Assiento, Sir Tames Castile sent four
sloops to St. Thomas with about .-'300,000 in money in hopes of
securing negroes there. There is no news yet of any of them
though we daily expect them, and now here are about 700 negroes
arrived and more daily expected. The Assembly has passed four
Acts to which I have consented, one for a day of humiliation,
another to raise money to arm two sloops for our defence, a
third to recall deserters from us, and the fourth to hinder
export of provisions and stores of war. They have now adjourned
and gone home to levy the tax. There is still much trouble about
the Admiralty Court. Many think I have not power to condemn
prizes, and the Assembly wishes to pass a special act, but this I
refused, not being willing to trench on the Royal prerogative for
the enlargement of my own authority. Letters from England
by way of Barbados say that I am already removed from this
Government, but I cannot believe that when the King has raised
me to such employment he will turn me out without cause assigned.
Whatever the royal decision I shall not complain, but I submit it to
your consideration what a loss it must be to a man to disseat
himself, spend much money, and hazard a dangerous 'voyage to a
desolate and sickly country, only to be turned out without having
offended. It must lead to reflections and disreputation which is
greater loss to an innocent man than all the rest. Signed. Wm.
Beeston. Duplicate. 1^ pp. \_Amenca and. West Indies. 540.
No. 34.]

June 10. 393. Lieutenant-Governor Sir William Beeston to Lords of
Jamaica. Trade and Plantations. I. enclose copies of four Acts passed by the
Council and Assembly. Several privateers and pirates "that go
under the notion of this Island" have found their way into the lied
Sea, where they have committed unheard of piracies, murders and
barbarities. These are now returned with vast wealth to most of
the northern plantations in America where they quietly enjoy their
ill-gotten riches, but whether with or without the knowlege of the
Governments I do not know. The Assembly has adjourned till the
27th inst., most of the members, as justices of the peace, having
gone to raise the tax to lit out sloops against the French privateers.
Sinned. Wm. Beeston. f p. Endorsed, Reed. 6 Nov. 1693.
[Board of Trade. Jamaica, 1. Xo. 17 ; and 53. pp. 170, 171.]

June 12. 394. Minutes of Council of Nevis. The Council proposed that
the sick men should be brought ashore from H.M.S. Chester and
provided for at the Island's expense. The Assembly agreed to set
apart a place for them, but thought it unreasonable for the charge

AME1UCA AND WEST INDIES. iir,

1H98.

to be borne by the Island. Joint Committee appointed to make a
new division of the trenches. The Assembly agreed with the
Council to draw an Act to compel horses and negroes to be sent to
their respective companies on an alarm. The King's letters patent
for grant of an escheated estate to Samuel Gardner offered for
consent of the Council and consented to. The Assembly and
Council agreed to replace such gun-carriages as are rotten by lignum,
vitce or mastic wood. Joint Committee appointed to fix the price of
provisions. [Col. Entry Ilk., Vol. XLVIII., pp. '278. 279.J

June 1'2. 395. Governor Fletcher to William Blathwayt. The bearer,
Xow York. Colonel Lodowyck, is charged by the Council to lay the affairs of the
Province before my Lords and yourself, if you can spare the time.
He can tell you more than I can write. He is a man of very good
principles and strict morals, and will find credit with you. I can-
not promise much assistance to this province from Pennsjdvania.
I have spent some weeks there, but never yet found so much self
conceit. They will rather die than resist with carnal weapons
nay they would persuade me their province was in no danger of
being lost to the Crown, though they have neither arms nor
ammunition ; nor would they suffer the few men lit for it to be
trained. Their minutes of Council and Assembly, which are now
transmitting to you, will appear a farce. I was at a loss for want
of a provincial seal. I could not carry that of New York with me,
nor would it have done for Pennsylvania, as it is yet distinct. Pray
procure me a warrant to use the seal of New York. We shall also
want 20 pieces or artillery for the fort, with ammunition, but I know
not whether these people will ever answer so great a charge to the
Crown. They will not fight themselves nor part with money to such
as will do it for them. I am now starting for Albany, having news
that some of our Five Nations are inclined to treat with the French.
Signed. Ben. Fletcher. Holor/rajrii. 2-J pp. Endorsed, Heed.
8 Sept. 1693. [Board of Trade." New York, 5. X<>. 15 ; and 48.
pp. 53-55.]

June 12. 396. Abstract of the preceding letter, with the following
abstract from the Minutes of Council in Pennsylvania. 2G April.
Philadelphia. Governor Fletcher's Commission was published,
Thomas Lloyd, the Deputy Governor, being offered the first place
in the Council, refused. Mr. Markham was sworn to that place,
and several other persons also were appointed of the Council.
27 April. Mr. Markham appointed Lieutenant-Governor. A list
of civil officers approved. On debate as to the number of
representatives, it was decided that four members be chosen for
Philadelphia, the like for Newcastle, and three for each of the other
Counties. 2 May. Newcastle. Governor Fletcher's Commission
published, and several justices of the peace took the oaths or signed
the declarations. 5 Mai/. Petition of seven persons, styling
themselves the delegates of the Provincial Council, read, praying
that the Legislative powers should be called together as provided by
the received law of the province. Agreed that, the address being
general, the Governor cannot regard nor answer it. 8 May.
Besolved to build a fort to command the channel on the river ; the

116 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1093.

site to 1)0 considered. 10 May. Some Indians came to pay their
respects, and to ask that the Senecas may be persuaded not to harm
them, as last summer. They were thankful for a Lieutenaut-
Governor whom they knew, as, when the Quakers governed,
sometimes one and sometimes another pretended to the Govern-
ment, and when they went to war with French or Indians the
Quakers would not encourage them nor make any preparation
themselves. 18 May. Several justices took the oaths or signed the
declarations; three refused. IG May. George Ferman sworn of
the Council. 2^ pp. \_Jioard of Trade. New York, 5. Xo. 16 ;
and (abstract of letter only) 48. p. 49.]

[June 12.] 397. A collection of documents sent hy Governor Fletcher with
his letter of 12 June.

897. i. William Penn to Governor Fletcher. London. 5 Decem-
ber, 1(592. Hearing that a Commission goes to thee to
command my province at least during the war and my
absence, I give thee this caution that I am an English-
man, and that country and the Government of it inseparably
my property, dearly purchased in every way, and much
indebted to me and to my children. No quo icarranio has
been brought nor trial held in that affair, so \ must impute
it to misinformation given to the Lords of Trade and
Plantations and to excessive care on their part for British
territory. I therefore hope thou wilt tread softly. Thou
hast formerly discoursed largely in favour of free and
property principles ; I expect proof of it in my own case,
and that my deputies find no interruption, they being as
fully empowered by my patent as though I myself were on
the spot. The discouragement which will be given to the
inhabitants, who went there in reliance on the faith of the
Crown, and the decay of their infant trade, are the motives
that prompt me to write thus. Copi/. 1^ pp. Endorsed,
Reed. 20 Dec. '93.

397. ii. Extract from a letter from William Penn to a gentlemen
in Philadelphia. You will have heard of the Commission
adding Pennsylvania to the Government of New York.
Insist on your patent with moderation but with steady
integrity. Obey the Crown speaking the language of
the law, which this Commission is not, but mere sic rolo
sicjubeo. Doubtless this is due to misrepresentations by
your jealous neighbours who suggest that the French Anil
make invasion through my province. Set forth the
falsehood of this, your singular situation by land and sea,
your hazards, charges, labours, that the government and
not land was your motive, that you were a people that
could have lived at home and went not upon motives of
guilt or poverty, that it will be the ruin of the Province,
which daily brings in more custom to the Crown than
revenue to the Government there. Send this to our
friends in London and Bristol, who will deliver your
representation to the Lords of Trade and Plantations,
Jlcre is added the following,

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 117

1(593.

In another letter Mr. Penn asks for a hundred persons
in Pennsylvania to lend him each '100 without interest
for three years and without further security than his bond
and his promise to embark with all his family within six
months after receipt. However they may be his friends
they stagger when he comes near their purses. Copy.
I}: pp. Endorsed, Eecd. 20 Dec. '98.

897. in. Address of some of the well affected inhabitants of Phila-
delphia to Governor Fletcher. Welcoming him to Penn-
sylvania, and thanking him for the appointment of
William Markham as Lieutenant-Governor. 117 signatures.
Copy. Ivy pp. Endorsed, Reed. 8 Sept. 1698.

897. iv. Printed copy of No. III. Endorsed, Reed. 26 Sept.
1693.

397. v. List of officers appointed by Governor Fletcher in
Pennsylvania. 26 April, 1693. Lieutenant Governor.
William Markham. Council. Andrew Robeson, Robert
Turner, Patrick Robinson, Laurence Cork, William
Salway, John Cann, William Clarke, George Foreman.
Assembly. Twenty elected representatives. Chief Justice.
Andrew Robeson. Justices of Snjtreinc Court. William
Clarke, John Cann, William Salway, Edward Blake.
Collector and Reccicer General. Robert Turner. 36
justices of the peace. Signed. David Jamison. 2t} 7^).
Endorsed, Reed. 8 Sept. 1693. [Board of Trade. New
York, 5. No. 16, 16i.-v.]

June 12. 398. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Abstract of
Governor Fletcher's letters of 14 February, 8 March, and 22 April
read (see Nos. 84, 179, 289). The Attorney General was asked to
report on the Charters of Rhode Island and Connecticut and the
grants of New Jersey.

Petition of Benjamin Skutt as to a packet service referred to the
Commissions of the Post Office.

Colonel Ralph Wormeley to be recommended as Secretary of
Virginia.

Sir W'illiam Beeston's letter of 23 March read (see No. 209).
Agreed to make the appointments which he recommends to the
Council and to give a dormant commission to a Lieutenant-
Governor. The Admiralty's report on the Commission for reprisals
was received and approved.

John Kirton's petition referred to the Attorney General. John
Hallett's suspension from the Council confirmed until his case can
be heard. Petition of Richard Haynes referred to the Attorney
General.

Abstracts of Sir William Phips's letters of 20th and 27th February
and 3rd and 6th April read (ace Xos. 107-109, 237, 247). Order for
extracts relating to Captain Short to be sent to the Admiralty.
{Board of Trade. Journal, 7. pp. 191-198.]

June 12. 399. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. To recommend
the confirmation of Ralph Wormeley in the post of Secretary of
Virginia. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 36. p. 237.]

11H

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

June 12. 400. Petition of John Kirton to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
For confirmation of a private Act of Barbados to enable him to sell
the estate of Brookhaven in that Island. ^ p. Endorsed, llecd.
12 June, '93. [Board of Trade. Barbados, 5. X<>. 17.]

[June.] 401. Act of Barbados to enable John Kirton to sell certain
lands, passed 4th Aug. 1691. Copy. 3 pp. Attached, a certificate
that the copy is sworn correct. Signed. J. Kendall. [Hoard of
Trade. Barbados, 5. No. 18.]

[June 12.] 402. Abstract of Sir William Phips's letters written in Febru-
ary, March and April, 1693. 63- pp. Endorsed, Reed. 12 June,
1693. [Hoard of Trade. New England, 6. No. 66.]

June 12.

June 12.

June 12.

June 12.

June 12.

June 12.

June 12.

June 13.

June 12.

403. John Povey to Mr. Sotherne. Forwarding extract from
Sir William Phips's letter of 3 April (see No. 237), as to the substitu-
tion of his own ship for H.M.S. Conception on the New England
Station. [Col. Entry HI,:, Vol. LXIL, pp. 435-436.]

404. John Povey to Henry Guy. Forwarding extracts from
Governor Fletcher's letters as to the violation of the Navigation
Acts, for information of the Treasury. [Board of Trade. New
York, 48. p. 27.]

405. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. That the
King be moved to order arms and accoutrements for two troops of
dragoons to be sent to New York. [Board of Trade. New York,
48. p. 28.]

406. John Povey to the Recorder of London. Recruits being-
needed for the two companies at New York, you are desired to state
what number of malefactors are now in Newgate who are to have
the benefit of the transportation-pardon and may properly be used
for this service. [Hoard of Trade. New York, 48. pp. 46-47.]

407. John Povey to Mr. Sotherne. Forwarding an extract
from Sir William Beeston's letter (see No. 209), and asking if
two small frigates can be sent to Jamaica instead of the Falcon.
[Hoard of Trade. Jamaica, 53. p. 147.]

408. Minute of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Recommend-
ing the issue of a dormant Commission to Samuel Bernard to be
Lieutenant-Governor of Jamaica. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 53.
p. 155.]

409. Minutes of Council of New York. The Governor asked
the Council if they had any suggestions to make before he left for
Albany. Orders for sundry payments in connection with the
operations at the frontier.

Order for payment of the four companies at Albany up to 1 May.
Colonel Lodowyck's instructions signed. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXXV., pp. 434-436.]

410. Minutes of General Assembly of Massachusetts. Order
forbidding all intercourse with the officers and men of Sir F.
Wheler's fleet owing to the sickness thereon, the Governor having
made provision for the accommodation of the sick. Bill to secure

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. Ill)

1693.

deceased persons' estates read a second time ; bill to confirm titles
in Martha's Vineyard read a third time and debated. Letter
written to the Government of Connecticut as to the complaints of
the towns of Enfield and Suffield of the encroachment of the in-
habitants of Windsor in Connecticut.

June 13. Bill as to titles in Martha's Vineyard passed. Militia Bill read a
first time.

June 14. Bill for better collection of import and excise duties passed. Con-
ference as to the bill for a market in Boston. Bill to encourage the
killing of wolves read. Order for an allowance of 100 to the
town of Gloucester at next assessment, 30 a year granted as salary
to the doorkeeper and messenger of the Council Assembly.

June 15. Bill to encourage the killing of wolves passed. Bill for regulating
Their Majesties' forces read. Major Pyncheon sent to enquire as to
the murder of persons by Indians at Deerfield, and a letter written
to Governor Fletcher, asking that the Magistrates at Albany may
enquire as to the same likewise.

June 16. Bill for coasting vessels read. Bill to change the time of the
Superior Court in Bristol, Barnstable and Plymouth carried. Francis
Hooke appointed Probate judge of York County and John Wincoll
registrar of wills.

June 17. Order for allowance of 50 to the people of Nantucket at next
assessment. James Taylor sworn Treasurer. Bill allowing 500 to
John Phillips, late Treasurer, read and debated. Adjourned to 6
July. [Col. Entn/ Bk., Vol. LAY P., pp. 402-408.]

June 13. 411. John Povey to Mr. Sotherne. Forwarding extract from
Sir William Phips's letter, reporting his suspension of Captain
Short, for information of the Admiralty (sec No. 88). [Col.
Entn/ Bk., Vol. LXIL, p. 436.]

June 13. 412. John Povey to the Commissioners of the Post Office.
Forwarding the petition of Benjamin Skutt . (sec Xo. 383) for
their report. Draft. J p. [Board of Trade. Barbados, 5. No. 19.]

June 13. 413. John Povey to the Attorney General. Forwarding the
petition of John Kirton, and the Act of Barbados concerning him,
for his report. This entry is misdated, 1692, in tlie Entn/ Jjook.
[Col. Entn/ Bk., Vol. VIII., pp. 374, 375.]

June 13. 414. Instructions of the Governor and Council of New York
to Charles Lodowyck. He is to represent to the Lords of Trade
and Plantations the exhausted state of the province and the im-
possibility of guarding the frontier at Albany without help in men
and money from the neighbouring Colonies, which despite the
Royal orders will give no assistance. Nothing is to be hoped for
from Pennsylvania, the people being mostly Quakers, unless it be
joined to New York. The annexation of the Jerseys would be of
great advantage since all the people that can are moving thither to
escape taxation, likewise the annexation of Connecticut being within
two days' march, "dry-foot," of Albany. The Indians are inclined
to make peace with the French, not having received the usual
presents. If this happen the province will be ruined, and not only
the province but the whole of the Colonies. New York again is

120 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

much injured in her trade since the Navigation Acts are not enforced
in neighbouring Colonies. If Canada were once taken from the
French, all dangers would he removed. Copy. 3 pp. [Board of
Trade. New York, 5. Xo. 17.]

June 14. 415. The Receiver of London to Lords of Trade and Planta-
tions. In reply to your letter ordering me to inspect my papers of
convicts for transportation I can find but fourteen men, which I
think would answer your purpose. Signed. S. Lovell. } f p. [Board
of Trade. New York, 5. No. 18 ; and 48. -p. 47.]

June 15. 416. Journal of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Sir William
Beeston's letter of 23 March further considered. Order for part of
it to be reported to the King, and for the new Commissions for the
government of Barbados and Jamaica to be respited for the present.
The Attorney General's report on the draft charter of the
Proprietors of New Jersey read.

Order for the Board of Ordnance to report on Governor Fletcher's
request for stores. [Board of Trade. Journal, 7. pp. 198-200.]

June 15. 417. Memorandum of Lords of Trade and Plantations. Recom-
mending that the signature of the commissions and instructions to
the Governors of Barbados and Jamaica be delayed until August,
by which time the Committee will have further particulars before it
and can act accordingly. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 53. pp. 152-
153.]

June 15. 418. John Povey to the Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance.
Enclosing a list of the ordnance stores asked for by Governor
Fletcher, for report whether they can be supplied. [Board of
Trade. New York, 48. pp. 71-72.]

June 15. 419. Order of the Privy Council. For arms and accoutrements
Whitehall, for two troops of dragoons to be sent to New York. [Board oj
Trade. New York, 48. pp. 28-29.]

June 19. 420. Governor Richier to Lords of Trade and Plantations. I
Bermuda, have an account of several articles exhibited against me before you.
I thank God I can safely say that they do not affect me and do not
doubt that I shall justify myself. I could not read the last article
without horror. Innocency itself could not preserve me at that
moment from consternation at finding myself accused of breach
of trust and black ingratitude, crimes which my soul abhors.
Lieutenant-Colonel Jenkins (who died of the sickness) is charged
with disaffection, and I hear that it is sworn that he refused the
oaths of allegiance. Twice he took them on assuming different
offices ; the times and places are registered and sworn to by the
Secretary. I beg leave to come to England and defend myself. I
cannot uphold the King's authority nor carry out my duty without
a sufficient number of soldiers. I have now little more than the
name of Governor, especially since my accusers have written to
announce their success against me. Samuel Trott, Thomas
Walker and another have endeavoured to raise an open rebellion
against me, which I have so far with difficulty prevented by the
help of Mr. Fifield. So little assistance have I had that those

AMERICA AN]) WEST INDIES. 121

1603.

people would say that if Fifield were out of -the way, the Governor
would have none to execute his commands. They pitched upon
Walker, a man of violent temper, to finish their malice against
him, who after lying in wait for him several times without success,
caused Mr. Fifield to meet him outside the town on the 29th of May
and having a sword hidden in the grass gave him (both their
swords being drawn) a mortal wound above the left pap. Walker
has made many friends by this murder, and so little is the crime
resented that it is made a great article against me for putting him
in irons, which Trott tells them is against the Magna Charta. I
have granted a warrant to his brother, John Fifield, to remain in the
Secretary's office till I receive the King's orders. I trust that you
will not assume my guilt before I have an opportunity of defending
myself. Signed. I. Richier. 2 pp. Endorsed, Reed. 6 Dec. '93.
[Board of trade. Bermuda, 2. No. 11 ; and 28. pp. 92-94.]

June 20. 421. Minutes of Council of Barbados. Councillors Bond and
Bromley reported that John Sutton, John Pilgrim and John Leslie
had been returned by a majority of votes for the Assembly, but
could not produce certificates that they had taken the sacrament,
as required by law. Councillor Bond therefore did not return the
members as elected ; but Mr. Bromley, having returned Mr. Leslie
as elected, was with him severely rebuked by the Governor, who
declared the election void. John Holder's election was objected to
on the same grounds and on other grounds also, and the objection
was upheld by the Governor. Other members and returning
officers also were rebuked for being unqualified and returning
unqualified men. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XII., pp. 407-410.]

June 22. 422. J. Sotherne to JohnPovey. Forwarding a letter, respect-
Admiralty, ing the withdrawal of the guard over the masts at Piscataqua.
Signed. J. Sotherne. \ p. Annexed,

422. i. Extract of a letter from John Taylor. 15 June, 1693. I
am informed that Sir W. Phips has removed from Pisca-
taqua a company of soldiers that had lain there three years
and, with the inhabitants, pretty well secured the place
from insults of French and negroes. The masts and all
other concerns are now exposed, and may be destroyed by
a small number of men, so I beg that the frigate may be
ordered from Boston to Piscataqua. Copy. % p. [Board
of Trade. New Hampshire, 1. Nos. 26, 26 i.]

June 22. 423. Captain Richard Short to Mr. Sotherne. I have already
Xew York, acquainted you with my illtreatment at Sir William Phips's hands.
T made my way from Piscataqua to New York, arriving about the
middle of May, and lay there till the 17th of June, when, while
waiting for a fair wind, I received a letter from Captain Fairfax
advising me of Sir Francis Wheler's arrival at Boston, whither I am
now bound with all speed. Copy. 1 p. {Board of Trade. New
England, 6. No. 67.]

June 22. 424. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for payments of

certain salaries and on account of fortifications. Order for purchase

I'll

COLONIAL PAPERS.

-Tune 23.

June 24.

June 20.

June 29.

June 30.

Whitehall.

June 30.

Whitehall.

June BO.

Whitehall.

June 30.

and delivery of arms, for revival of night guards, and for em-
powering colonels to hold regimental courts martial. [Hoard of
Trade. Jamaica, 77. pp. 252, 253.]

425. Petition of JohnHallett to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
I hear that, my petition to the Queen having heen referred to you,
you will not examine the proofs until the whole of the proceedings
are hefore you. I beg therefore that all testimonies and records proper
to he sworn on my Behalf in Barbados may be taken there, and that
the sum of 2,500 be deposited in the Court there, not to be disposed
of till you have determined the case. I p. Inscribed. Reed. 23 June.
'93. [Board of 'Oracle. Barbados, 5. No. 20; and Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. VIII., pp. 358-359.]

426. Minutes of Council of Nevis. Acts for sending down
horses on alarms, and for fixing the price of fresh provisions, passed.
A new member added to the Committee appointed for assessment.
New Articles of War and Act to confirm the same passed. Agreed
to grant compensation to Mrs. Earle for damage to her property in
the fortifying of Mount Mary. Agreed to empower the Treasurer
to repair the Sessions-house. On the proposal of the Assembly for
withdrawal of half the negroes from work on Mount Mary the
Council agreed to withdraw three fourths of them on the first Monday
in August. Act to repeal the Act for regulating of money passed.
[Co, 7 . Entry Bk., Vol. XLV1IL, p. 279.]

427. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. A letter to Major
Pyncheon was approved, directing further enquiry into the case of
an Indian arrested for a murder at Deerfield. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXIV., pp. 239-240.]

428. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Order for payment
of 500 to Sir William Phips for his expenses since his arrival.
Proclamation for a day of prayer and fasting. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. LXIV., pp. 240, 241.]

429. Order of the Queen in Council. Appointing Fulke Rose
and Henry Low to be of the Council of Jamaica. $i<ined. John
Nicholas. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 53. p. 156.]

430. Order of the Queen in Council. For a dormant com-
mission to be prepared for Samuel Bernard, to be Lieutenant-
Governor of Jamaica. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 53. p. 157 ;
and Col. Entry Bk., Vol. VIII., pp. 844-345.]

431 . Order of the Queen in Council. Directing the Commissions
for the Governors of Barbados and Jamaica to erect Courts for trial
and condemnation of prizes, to pass the Great Seal. Signed. John
Nicholas.

Here follows copy of the Commission. [Board of Trade.
Jamaica, 53. pp. 144-146 ; and Col. Entry Bk., Vol. VIII.,
pp. 348-351 ; and Vol. C\, p. 299.]

432. Minutes of Council of Virginia. Order for clearing all
ships for Europe that are ready to sail on the 17th of July, on their
giving security to assemble at York River. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol.
LXXXTV., pp. 810-311.]

AMERICA AM) WEST INDIES. 1-2:;

1698.

[June?] 433. Abstract of a Memorial from the Governor of Martinique
to Monsieur de Chamlay. 1. The French are divided between too
many Islands, consequently, being unable to succour each other,
several have been driven off and others much endangered. 2. To
relieve these people I propose to settle them in Jamaica. Five or
six men-of-war, with above forty guns, and two thousand regular
troops will suffice, with arms and ammunition for five thousand
men. A number of smaller vessels will carry two thousand persons
who have been ruined by the English in St. Christophers, Guade-
loupe, Hispaniola, eve. The enterprise should be conducted under
the flag of England and by Commission from King James. The
real design should appear to be the proclamation of King James,
and then by his name the people will be gained over. The advan-
tages of Jamaica are set forth. Translation. 2 pp. Undated.
[Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. Xo. 17.v.]

July 1. 434. Office of Ordnance to Lords of Trade and Plantations.

We have considered the list of stores demanded for Fort William
Henry in New York, and though the list is very long considering
that the place has already been supplied once since Their Majesties'
accession according to Governor Sloughter's full requisition, yet we
cannot say that they are unnecessary, the less so since Governor
Fletcher reports the embezzlement of much of the stores before his
arrival. The arms and accoutrements for the troops of dragoons
are already shipped. As to brass guns, none but iron guns are
allowed for any garrisons at home or abroad. If the Treasury will
provide the money, the stores can be supplied. Signed. H. Goodricke,
Jo. Charlton, Tho. Littleton, Win. Boulter. 1 p. Endorsed, Reed.
2 July. Read 15 Sept. and 27 Dec. '93. [Hoard of Trade.
New York, 5. No. 19 ; and 48. pp. 72-74.]

[July 2.] 435. Act of East New Jersey. To forbid the exportation of
timber, etc., except .100 security be given by the ship's master to
carry the same to Great Britain or the West Indies. Copy. 1 p.
Endorsed. Reed. 2 July, 1698, from Colonel Fletcher. [Board of
Trade. New York, 5. No. 20.]

July 3. 436. Commissioners of the Post Office to Lords of Trade and
Post Office. Plantations. On the petition of Benjamin Skutt (sec No. 383),
we see no objection to his proposed packet-service provided he be
obliged to deliver all letters both in England and Barbados immedi-
ately on arrival ; and we believe that such a service will be of great
utility to the merchants. Signed. R. Cotton, Tho. Frankland. 1 p.
Endorsed. Reed. 5 July, 1693. [Board of Trade. Barbados, 5.
No. 21.]

July 3. 437. Governor Codrington to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
I enclose duplicates of my letters of 10 and 15 May. After writing
them I visited all the Islands of my Government ; and in each they
have ever since been mending the old fortifications and making
some new ones, in case of an attack by the French. But I must
acknowledge that our numbers are so lessened by sickness and by
the war that we cannot be safe unless a squadron of ships be sent to
us ; for if ships of war should arrive from France we may undoubtedly

124 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1698.

expect a descent from Martinique, and we have little reason to
believe that Sir Francis Wheler can be fitted in New England to
return to us. I beg therefore the more urgently for a squadron to
be sent to us. Sinned. Chr. Codrington. 1 j>. Endorsed, Reed.
30 October, '93. Undated ,- but intended date is given in Codrinyton's
letter of 17 October, 1693. [Hoard of Trade. Leeward Islands, 4.
No. 14 ; and 44. pp. 129, 130.]

July ('). 438. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for payment for
despatch of messages by land and water. [Board of Trade.
Jamaica, 77. pp. 253, 254.]

July (>. 439. Minutes of General Assembly of Massachusetts. The
Governor, being unwell, directed the Assembly to consider what
bills were before them and adjourn de die in diem.

July 7. A joint Committee appointed to examine the dispute between the
towns of Ipswich and Topsfield as to boundaries. Bills for securing
estates of deceased persons debated. Governor Fletcher's letter
as to the murder at Deerfield read, as also the answer thereto. The
Governor reported that the Indians at Pemaquid desired a cessation
of arms.

July 8. Bill to enable John Phillips to collect his arrears read a first
time. Agreed to send Major-General Wait Winthrop and Major
John Pyncheon to Albany to treat with the Indians there. [Col.
Entry Bh., Vol. LXLV., pp. 409-411.]

July 7. 440. Dormant Commission to Samuel Bernard to be Lieutenant-
Governor of Jamaica in case of Sir William Beeston's death or
absence. Copy. 1 J pp. Undated. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7.
No. 18; and 58. pp. 158, 159 ; and Col. Entry Bk., Vol. VIII.,
pp. 345-347.]

July 8. 441. Sir Francis Wheler to Governor Sir William Phips. I
New England, have already communicated to you our extremely sickly condition,
and the King's orders for us to join such forces as you have raised
and attack Quebec. Your answer was that you had received no
instructions as to the expedition, that the force for that service
should be at least 4,000 strong, that we ought to have sailed on
that service at very latest on the 1st of July, and that you should
have been given at least four months to collect your forces from
the other colonies. The health of our men is now restored, but of
the two regiments with us not above 650 of all ranks are left, and
of the fleet not half its complement remains, and of that remainder
not above a third are seamen. The ships themselves are in good
order, and we have plenty of provisions. Pray give me your
opinion in Council whether we alone can attack Quebec, and if not,
what place in the Canada river or Newfoundland can be forced by
us. Pray state also and give in writing your opinion as to the men
and ships necessary and the time of year most fitting for an attack
on Quebec or other of the French plantations in Canada. Here
follows a list of the squadron. Copy. 1J pp. Endorsed, Reed.
'5 Jan. 1693-4. " [Board of Trade. New England, 6. No. 68.]

July 10. 442. Governor Kendall to Lords of Tra.de and Plantations.
Barbados. When the Assembly of last year brought me a bill for raising a

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 125

1693.

thousand men and for a sum. of money to defray the expense, they
at the same time presented me with an unanimous address, assuring
me that if the money proved insufficient for the expense of the
expedition they would raise what should further be needed. After
the departure of the forces for Martinique the accounts were made
up, when it was found that no less than 5,000 would he wanting
for that service. I therefore called the Assembly and acquainted
them that their honour would suffer much if they did not make
provision for the payment of the debt, the Commissioners having
upon the public faith engaged themselves for it. But no arguments
prevail with them, one great reason being that, their time being
near expired, they thought by this shew of frugality to commend
themselves to the county at the next election. Being much con-
cerned at this behaviour and at the ill consequences of it I expressed
myself warmly about it in Council, where some of their patrons and
advisers endeavoured to excuse them, and all were of opinion that if I
issued writs at the expiration of that Assembly, the same men would
be chosen and would certainly make good what they had promised.
This I accordingly did, and in the writs reference was made to an
Act passed in the former Assembly, by which, among other qualifi-
cations, all candidates were required to produce a certificate of their
having received the sacrament within twelve months before. But
when the writs came to be returned there were but twelve members
found so qualified and therefore the rest of the elections were
declared void and new writs issued in the same form as the first.
Notwithstanding this second writ some members of the Council,
to whom they were directed, had the insolence to return the same
men as before, though they knew them to be still unqualified
and obstinately so. I took this as a signal affront to myself and
the Government and expressed myself accordingly, asking these
Councillors before their parishioners if they thought that Act about
electing had the force of law. They agreed that it had. Then I
asked them if the}^ would advise me to dispense with any part of it.
They said no ; on which I think you will agree that I had reason
enough to be angry with them. Notwithstanding the endeavours of
these factious fellows the members duly elected amounted to seven-
teen ; and as fifteen suffice to make a house I sent to them to choose a
Speaker and ordered new writs to be issued for the five wanting
members. But these incendiaries, resolved to give me as much
trouble as they could, prevailed with three of the seventeen to
absent themselves, though on the place immediately before, so that
there were but fourteen left, not enough to make a house, choose a
Speaker and punish refractory members. But at the return of the
next writs I doubt not but there will be a house, and that the
villainous designs of these ill men will be defeated.

The names of the chief persons for whom there has been so much
struggle are Holder, Sutton and Pilgrim. The first of these owned
himself at quarter sessions to be a Quaker, and it is notorious that
neither he nor any of his children have been christened; and
therefore it is to be believed that he has a dispensation to take the
oaths and pull off his hat that he may be the more serviceable to
his party. The Quakers indeed are very numerous here and a great
weakness to the Island, for they are wholly useless for its defence

120 COLONIAL PATERS,

1693.

and yet of considerable interest and great industry in promoting
the election and preferment of such as are well affected towards
them. It is most certain that they are all Jacobites and many of
them papists in masquerade, the heads of them here holding
correspondence with William Penn, who governs them as absolutely
as the King of France does his miserable subjects. Button and
Pilgrim come to our Church in the morning and go to the Quaker
meeting in the afternoon ; they are not christened themselves
nor are their children, nor when dead are they given Christian
burial. The last Assembly seeing how fatal it would be
if in process of time they should come to be the greater
part in the Council or Assembly passed the above mentioned law to
check them, to which I readily assented. A better proof of its
necessity could hardly have been given than the present disturbance.
These three persons, though they had publicly declared that they
would not qualify themselves under the Act, had yet the impudence
to make interest to be elected twice, telling the people that they
were standing up for their liberties, which were abridged Iry that law.
Such defiance of a law made for the security of the country is in
my opinion a near approach to rebellion. But that members of
Council should so far countenance it as to present the same men to
me twice, after they had refused to produce the certificates required
by law, seemed to me plain evidence of their unfitness for that trust ;
and I have accordingly suspended Major Andrews and Mr. John
Bromley and taken security for their good behaviour. Signed. J.
Kendall. P.S. Having directed- the writs for the five wanting
members to well affected men I find, since writing the above, that
they have returned duly qualified members, so that we have now an
Assembly legally chosen. I submit five names of honest and
well affected gentlemen for the vacancies in the Council. The first
named was lieutenant-colonel to Salter's regiment in the expedition
to Martinique, and greatly distinguished himself. On a separate
sheet are tlte names as follows : Colonel Eobert Bishop, John Whet-
stone, Colonel Eichard Scott, Colonel Willoughby Chamberlayne,
Philip Price, Burch Heathersall. 3J pp. Endorsed, Reed. 2 Jan.
Head 3 Jan., '93-4. Annexed,
442. i., n. Copies of the first and second writs issued to George

Andrews for election of a member for St. Joseph's, with the

return of John Holder in each case.
442. in., iv. Copies of the first and second writs issued to John

Bromley for election of a member for St. John's, with the

return of John Leslie, in each case. [Board oj Trade.

Barbados, 5. Nos. 22, 22 i.-iv. ; and 44. pp. 54-60.]

July 10. 443. Minutes of General Assembly of Massachusetts. Join
Committee appointed to draw up a letter to Governor Fletcher as to
the despatch of negotiation to Albany. Bill to prevent clandestine
sales again read and debated.

July 11. The Governor laid before Council Sir F. Wheler's letter of 8 July
(see Xo. 441). Militia Bill read a second time and committed.

July 12. A reply to Sir F. Wheler approved. Militia bill amended.
Additional Bill for regulating the House of Representatives read and
committed,

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 1'27

1698.

Inly 13. Bill for coasting vessels read and amended. Grant of .-500 to
John Phillips approved, and of an annual salary of .150 until a
new Treasurer be sworn. Bill for partition of lands read. Letter
sent to Governor Fletcher to apprise him of the departure of
messengers to make peace with the Maquas.

July 14. Bills for coasting vessels, for punishment of criminal offences, and
for partition of lands were read and passed. The additional bill for
regulating the House of Representatives was rejected. Bill for
Sheriffs' accounts read first time. Letter to the Government of New
Hampshire as to the detention of William Peprell's ship.

July 15. The Militia Bill was sent down to the Representatives for altera-
tion. Bill for Sheriffs' accounts passed. Order from John Phillips
to furnish the last assessment lists. The Governor dissolved
the Assembly. [CW. Entn/ Bl;., Vol. LXIV., pp. 411-416.]

July 11. 444. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for the Naval
Officer to endeavour to get credit for supply of the King's ships, and
draw bills for the same on the Admiralty. [Board of Trade.
Jamaica, 77. j>. 254.]

July 11. 445. Governor Kendall to Earl of Nottingham. Identical with
the letter to Lords of Trade and Plantations of 10 July, with
the omission of the recommendations of new members of Council.
Holograph: 4 pp. [America and West Indies. 456. Xo. 51.]

July 11. 446. Warrant for the appointment of John Whetstone to be
of the Council of Barbados. fcCol. Entry P>L:, Vol. VIII., }>. 851.]

July 11. 447- Minutes of Council of Barbados. John Leslie being now
duly qualified, was sworn of the Assembly, also William Allonby,
Richard Walters, George Andrews and John Stewart. John
Waterman approved as Speaker. The Assembly asked for an
adjournment, which was granted. George Andrews and John
Bromley suspended the Council, and ordered to give security for
good behaviour. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XII., pp. 410-410.]

July 11. 448. Journal of Assembly of Barbados. List of Members.
o, Tv T - . i f George Peers

St. Michael John Stewart

f Thomas Meyrick

fei Peters I Alexander Walker

cu m ' William Eastchurch

St Thomas William Allonby

( Archibald Carmiehael

fet " John f John Leslie

, . , , ( John Dempster

Christchurch Thomas .

G . T I Michael Terrill

i Robert Yeamans

c ,, T Abel Alley ne

fet " James , Richard Walters

Q, -p, - r f Philip Price

I Willoughby Chamberlayne

( John Mills

Si Andrew Charles Sandiford

128 COLONIAL PAPEBS.

1(593.

| Sir Henry Pickering, Bart.

TT A 1 j 1 j

( Henry Applethwaite

(j, T John Waterman

fet. Joseph T i ITT ^

( John Waterman, jun.

John Waterman, chosen Speaker, George Payne, Clerk, William
Burnet, Marshal. The House requested an adjournment, but first
fixed the salaries of the officers, and altered the rule of the House,
so that voting should in future he by " escroll " and not by vote.
Adjourned to 1st August. [Col. Entry l$k., Vol. XLV., pp. 347,
348.]

July 11. 449. Extract from Minutes of Council of Barbados, giving the
proceedings for the suspension of George Andrews and John
Bromley. Copy. 1^ pp. Endorsed, Kecd. 23 Dec. 1(503. [Board
of Trade. Barbados, 5. No. 23.]

July 11. 450. Extract from Minutes of Council of Barbados. Order of
the Governor deferring the date of the sailing of the fleet to
England, in concession to a petition from the merchants and
planters. 4 -pp. Endorsed, Piec. 23 Dec. '93. [Board of Trade.
Barbados, 5. No. 24.]

July 12. 451. [The Agents for Barbados to Lords of Trade and Planta-
tions ?] Before the last fleet sailed to the West Indies we repre-
sented the extreme want of men and asked that a regiment might
be stationed there (see No. 193). Hearing now that the cam-
paign is over and that the regiments are ordered another way,
we entreat that a regiment may be sent from England with all
convenient speed. A guard is allowed to the Leeward Islands, and
the like is as much needed in Barbados. If Barbados should fall,
the Leeward Islands must likewise perish. The late taxes and the
present war have so ruined us that we cannot defend ourselves.
Our sugar works are dropping down: not one man in twenty can
repair them, so that the whole Island is in poverty and misery. We
strained ourselves to the utmost to send 1,003 men to the late expe-
dition, and the number that returned is much short of that which
went, so that we are weaker than ever, unless helped from England.
The expedition cost us in one way or another ,30,000, and we have
not 30,000 acres that can pay taxes, so that the charge of this one
thing conies to a noble in the pound. We must also ask for a few
light frigates to protect our provision-ships against French
privateers. Had not our privateers been discouraged by the
exaction of the King's tenth part from them, we should not have
needed these frigates. On the whole matter Barbados will be ruined
unless supported by ships and men from England. It will be con-
venient, and no charge to Their Majesties, if there were two despatch
boats between England and Barbados. We beg for a permission
and protection for them. Unsigned. 1^ pp. Endorsed, July,
12, '93. [America and West Indies. 456. No. 52.]

July 12. 452. Governor Sir William Phips to Sir Francis Wheler. In

Boston. answer to yours of the 8th we think that you are not strong enough

to force Quebec, besides that the time is too late to make a descent

by land in aid of your attack. There is no place in the Canada

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

129

1693.

July 14.

Boston.

July 14.

Boston.

July 14.

Boston.

river below Orleans that is worth attacking but you may find French
merchantmen at St. Pierre and Placentia in Newfoundland worth
attacking. To attack Quebec 4,000 land-forces are necessary for
attack on the city and for a diversion by land higher up the river.
2,000 men should be sent from England, and 2,000 raised in these
Colonies. The Indians are under the direction of the Government of
New York. The naval force should be as strong as your present
squadron. 3,000 firearms and 500 barrels of powder should be sent
to Boston, and all the Colonies should be warned in good time, so
that the expedition should be in the river by the 1st of June at
latest. The English and Colonial forces should meet at the fort of
Canseau. Copy. 1^ pp. Endorsed, Reed. 5 Jan. '93-4. [Board
of Trade. New England, 6. No. 69.]

453. The Secretary of Massachusetts to the Lieutenant-Governor
and Council of New Hampshire. The complaint of William Peprell
as to the seizure of his barque is still before us (sec No. 372).
The matter is highly resented by the Governor and Council, who
however are ready to accommodate it in a friendly way ; and I am
desired therefore to ask your reasons for the detention of the ship.
Signed. Is. Addington. Copy. 1 p. Endorsed, Reed. 20 Dec. '93.
[Board of Trade. New England, 6. No. 70.]

454. Lieutenant-Governor Usher to the Earl of Nottingham.
Since my last, the great guns granted by the King for New Hampshire
are all mounted, and at the mouth of the river is built a good stone
fort, called Fort William and Mary. Had we a few more men I
should not doubt our ability to defend ourselves against a foreign
enemy. The port is of great importance, since it is the only place
where the King is supplied w r ith masts ; and it could supply all
England with resin, pitch and tar, if an end were put to the war
with the Indians. It would be of great advantage to have a general
governor over all these provinces. New Hampshire has but 750
men who ever since April last have been compelled to stand on
their defence, for Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island
refuse to help us with men or money, though for this eight weeks
the enemy's scouts have been discovered about our frontier towns,
which are greatly exposed to incursions. I hope that the neigh-
bouring provinces will be ordered to help us with men and money,
the men to be placed under the orders of the Commander-in-Chief
of the place which they are in, who will be best able to turn them
to account. Sixty or a hundred men over and above our own would
suffice. I fear that the constant watch and ward and the conse-
quent neglect of husbandry will force our inhabitants to desert the
frontier-towns, which would be a great advantage to the enemy and
a great loss to us. Signed. John Usher. 1 _p. [America and
West Indies. 561. JVo.' 36.]

455. Lieutenant-Governor Usher to Lords of Trade and Planta-
tions. All last winter Sir, William Phips kept 63 soldiers in our
frontier towns for their defence, but in April last (though the
enemy's scouts had been seen) he withdrew them all and left the
towns defenceless. The enemy's way is to skulk in the woods till
an opportunity for onset offers itself ; and when they have done

8060

130 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

their mischief to fly back to the woods again. It is a vast expense and
loss to so little a place for all the men to be on duty daily, and we can
raise but 750 in the whole province, but I can get no assistance from
Massachusetts, Connecticut nor Rhode Island, in money or in men.
If New York can hardly carry on the war by itself, much less can
we. These Colonies would be better defended if placed under one
Governor-General. Sir William Phips claiming authority on the
Piscataqua, I have perused the Charter of Massachusetts and con-
ceive that he has no right to do so. So I shall assert the right of
this province from three miles north of the Merrimac up to Maine,
until your pleasure is known. One Peprell with a ship from the
south was stopped by the fort to pay duty to Massachusetts. He
appealed to the General Court at Boston, and some persons were
sent to treat with me about it, but as they declined to set down their
business in writing I heard no more of it. If the King would next
spring send seven or eight frigates and some soldiers and order all
the Colonies to help, I doubt not but that Canada might easily be
taken. Signed. John Usher. 1 p. Endorsed, Reed. 24 Sept.
Read 6 Dec. 1693. [Board of Trade. New Hampshire, 1. No. 27;
ami Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXVIL, pp. 228-230.]

July 14. 456. Statement of the sum received by the Agent of Colonel
Godfrey Lloyd's regiment from 1 April, 1690. '15,888, and 4,490
for provisions. Scrap. Endorsed, Mr. Gery's acco. 14 July, 1693.
[Board of Trade. Leeward Islands, 4. No. 15.]

July 14. 457. Minutes of Council of New York. The Governor returned
from Albany and reported that the Indians appeared better satisfied
than at any period heretofore, and that they had promised to go as
far against the French in Canada as ever. He reported also that
he had intelligence from Senectady of the departure of 400 French
and Indians from Canada to Cadaraqui and of another party of
French marched for some unknown destination, and that he was
ready to go to the frontier if he could find forces. It was agreed to
ask for the 200 men promised by Sir W. Phips. On enquiry into
the case of the two Indians in custody for murder at Deerfield, the
Council agreed that their innocence was established, and that Sir
W. Phips be asked to take care that their blood be not shed by the
New Englanders. Order for inspection of the city fortifications.
The Governor reported the receipt of 362 from Maryland as a
contribution to defence. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 436-439.]

July 15. 458. Instrument of the Chancellor and Senate of the University
of Oxford, granting the degree of Master of Arts to Samuel Miles of
New England. 15 July, 1693. Copy. Latin. Endorsed (by error),
25 July, 1693. 1 p. [Board of Trade. New England, 6.
No. 71.]

July 15. 459. Robert Hooper to Governor Codrington. I have
acquainted Mr. Crispe with the contents of your letter, but his
answer is that he knows of no such order as you refer to, and that if
it was obtained by Captain Thorn and Sir Timothy Thornhill it was
without his privity. He seemed much unsettled in his resolutions,
but now he informs me that, not having been in the least

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 131

1693.

instrumental in obtaining the order, he will not meddle in the
prosecution of the accusations against you, and that he begs for
restoration to your favour, to which end he will acknowledge his
error in the most signal and open manner that you may think fit to
propose. (See Governor Codrington's letter of October 17, infra.)
Copy. 1 p. Endorsed, Eecd. 12 Dec. 1693.

Duplicate of the foregoing. Endorsed, Eecd. 29 Dec,. 1693.
[Board of Trade. Leeward Islands, 4. Nos. 16, 17.]

July 17. 460. Minutes of Council of New York. Resolved to send a
member to Boston to welcome Sir Francis Wheler, and to ascertain
if he designs an attack on Canada, that there may be time to make
preparations to help him. Order for a circular to be sent" to the
neighbouring Colonies asking them to send Commissioners to New
York on the first Wednesday in October, there to deliberate as to
the quotas to be furnished for relief of the frontier-guards. Order
for a circular to the Justices to collect the arrears of taxes. A
Committee appointed to consider as to the advisability of establishing
a Court of Exchequer. Order for payments. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol.
LXXV., pp. 439-441.]

July 20. 461. Minutes of Council- of New York. Orders for sundry
payments ; also for certain licences to purchase lands, and for
excusing the town of Senectady the payment of the quit-rents due
Lady-day last. Reduction ordered to be made in the purchase of
a licence to sell liquor in favour of William Appeel, a poor man
who was wounded by the French at Senectady in 1689. [Col.
Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 441-442.]

July 20. 462. Clerk of Burgesses of Virginia to Lords of Trade and
Plantations. Forwarding the Journal of the House of Burgesses
from 2 March to 3 April, 1693. Signed. Peter Beverley. ^ p.
Endorsed, Reed. 25 Sept. 1693. Enclosed,

462. i. The Journal of the House of Burgesses, from 2 March to
3 April. 60 pp. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 5.
Nos. 24, 24 1.]

July 20. 463. Duplicate of the above covering letter. [Board of Trade.
Virginia, 5. No. 25.]

July 21. 464. Peter Beverley to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
Virginia. Forwarding duplicate of the Journal of the House of Burgesses from

2 March to 3 April, 1693. \ p. Endorsed, Reed. 28 Mar. '94.

[Board of Trade. Virginia, 5. No. 26.]

July 21. 465. Minutes of Council of Virginia. George Kener being
charged by the Rangers with refusing to pay them the tobacco due
to them, was discharged on his explanation, and offers as to pay-
ment in future. Charles Anderson ordered to be inducted to
Westover parish. On the petition of the inhabitants of Sittenborne
for division of the parish it was ordered that some of the vestrymen
from each side of the Rappahannock attend on 23rd October.
Complaint of Hugh Cambell against the County Court of Nancy-
mond heard, and complainant left to his legal remedy.

132

COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.
July 22.

July 22.

Virginia.

July 22.

July 22.

Virginia.

Order for the fleet to sail to Europe. [Col. Entry Bh., Vol.
LXXXIV., pp. 811-814.]

466. Governor Sir Edmund Andros to Lords of Trade and
Plantations. All is well and orderly here, but we are in great want
of supplies and have large stores of tobacco in our hands, the
London fleet not coming in this year, while we have another crop
already in view. I send the laws and the proceedings of the General
Assembly, the records of the Council and the Auditors' accounts.
The revenue is in unexpected arrear ; but want of the usual fleet
and the contribution of .600 to the Governor of New York is the
reason. He applied for it just after the French had burned the
Maquas' Castles and made further attempts on Albany, so I thought
I could not do less. I wrote the Governor also offering further
assistance in men or money. I have tried to put the militia in a
good posture, but find them indifferently armed, few being able to
provide themselves. I have mounted twelve guns, which were lying
on the ground at James City, on land carriages, and two more on old
ship-carriages, to command part of the river. Carriages are also
making for some good guns at Tindall's Point on York river, and
designing for other old guns in other places. Pray send us some
powder and cannon shot, for they are not to be had here, and there is
no powder in store. I am building a good vault at James City, for
want of which the powder was formerly distributed all over the
several Counties. Signed. E. Andros. 2J pp. Endorsed, Reed.
25 Sept., '93. Read 16 Mar., '93-94. Enclosed,

466. i. Journal of the General Assembly of Virginia from 2 March
to 3 April, 1693. 44 pp.

466. n. Names of persons recommended to supply vacancies in the
Council. 22nd July, 1693. William Cole, John Armstead,
Richard Johnson, Edward Portue, Lewis Burwell, Matthew
Page, Robert Carter, Dudley Diggs, William Randolph,
John Lloyd, Lawrence Smith, Anthony Lawson. Signed.
E. Andros. 1 p. Endorsed, Reed. 25 Sept. '93.

466. in. Another copy of the preceding.

466. iv. Stores wanted for forts and other places where great guns
are. A short list in the handwriting of Sir E. Andros.
1 p. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 5. Nos. 27, 27 i.-iv. ;
and (tcitkont enclosures) 36. pp. 241-243.]

467. Abstract of a letter from Sir E. Andros. Asking leave to go
as far as Delaware or New York, for the benefit of his health. 1 p.
Endorsed, Read 16 Mar. '93-4. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 5.
No. 28 ; and 36. p. 248.]

468. Governor Sir Edmund Andros to the Earl of Nottingham.
This goes by a small fleet of ships to Bristol, which voyage the
masters have urged to prevent the ships from being eaten up by
the expense if not by the worm. I forward journal of the
Assembly and other returns. All is well and quiet here. There
are few persons who are not satisfied and ready to serve in any
capacity proper for them. For some of them, as Colonel Richard
Lee and Mr. Ralph Wormeley, I have already found vacancies pend-
ing the King's further orders, I find the militia indifferently

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

138

1693.

July 22.

July 25.

Virginia.

July 25.

July 25.
July 25.

July 25.

July 26.

July 27.

Boston.

armed but promising better as soon as they can. Repeats the
information as to the mounting of guns and the sending help to Neic
York as in letter to Lords of Trade and Plantations of same date.
No. 466. Signed. E. Andros. 3 pp. Endorsed, R. Sept. 25, '93.
[America and West Indies. 638. No. 11.]

469. Copy of Minutes of Council of Virginia. 20 September,
1692, to 22 July, 1693. 37 pp. [America and West Indies. 638.
.Vo. 12.]

470. Ralph Wormeley to the Earl of Nottingham. Forwarding
Journals of Council and Assembly. 1 p. Inscribed, R., Sept. 25,

'93. [America and West Indies. 638. A 7 o. 13.]

471. Ralph Wormeley to Lords of Trade and Plantations.
Advising despatch of journals of Council and Assembly. ^ -p.
Endorsed, Reed. 25 Sept. '93. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 5.

No. 29.]

472. List of the ships lying in James River, Virginia, ready to
sail for England. Eleven ships in all. 1 p. Endorsed, Reed.
25 Sept. '93. [Board of Trade. Virginia, 5. A 7 o. 30.]

473. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for payment of
100 to Peter Beckford for repair of fortifications, and to empower
him to press workmen if he cannot hire them. [Board of Trade.
Jamaica, 77. p. 254.]

474. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Order for the
discharge of the Indians in custody on suspicion of a murder at
Deerfield. A letter from Captain March at Pemaquid read, report-
ing that the Indians had come with a flag of truce and agreed to a
cessation of arms until the 4th of August. Leave granted to
Thomas Child and Madame Sarah Leverett to erect buildings in
Boston.

Order for payments to Aaron Cooke and John Pyncheon for the
expense of their mission to Connecticut, relating to a joint prosecu-
tion of the war. Sir Francis Wheler's letter applying for 400
men for an attack on Placentia read and an answer approved, show-
ing the impossibility of supplying the men. The Governor
announced his intention of going to Pemaquid to hear the
proposals of the Indians. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV., pp. 241-
244.]

475. Governor Sir W T illiam Phips to Sir Francis Wheler. I have
received your letter of 24th announcing your intention to attack
Placentia, if reinforced by 400 men from hence. Our charter
forbids me to march the militia out of the country without their
own consent or the consent of the Assembly. Had you made your
proposal while the Assembly was sitting (who were dismissed on
the 15th hist.), I should have promoted the consideration thereof
with them. An expedition is now forming against the Indians to
eastward, which will require many men ; and the contagious
sickness on the fleet discourages men from going, for it has
already spread into the country and proved very deadly. Copy,
l^pp. Endorsed, Reed. 5 Jan. 1693-4. [Board of Trade. New
England, 6. No. 72.]

134 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

July 27. 476. Proclamation dissolving the Assembly of New York.
New York. Printed sheet. Endorsed, Reed. 26 Sept. 1693. [Board of Trade.
New York, 5. No. 21.]

July 27. 477. Lieutenant-Governor Sir William Beeston, to Lords of
Jamaica. Trade and Plantations. Since my last of 10th June, the two sloops
raised by the Island are actually at sea, and the country has given
the whole direction of them to myself, a trust never before granted
to any Governor. I have now sent them with the Mordaunt to the
coast of Hispaniola to do all the mischief they can to the French.
The Falcon has lately returned from cruising, very sickly, having
buried her captain and fifty seamen. Could she have gone with the
Mordaunt I doubt not but to have spoiled all the French and their
settlements, but now I cannot hope for much to be done, for want
of men. For since this distemper has again fallen upon us, very
many new-comers and seamen in the merchant-ships are carried
off by it. Also the encouragement given to the pirates that have
been in the Red Sea causes our people to run away to them, for
there they are all pardoned, as I learn from masters of several
vessels that have come here from those parts and who are
now buying and fitting out vessels to go again on the same
design. I have been tempted by order of some of them to pardon
them here but, much as we want men, I shall not turn the Royal
authority to such wicked ends, though I know not what I shall do
for men for the Falcon unless some be sent here on the merchant
ships from England. After her arrival I ordered her men to be
taken ashore and attended by doctors. The Commissions both
civil and military are now filled all over the Island and I have since
called a Council of War and settled all things necessary for our
defence, according to our strength. The country generally is quiet
and easy but for the sickness which is among us (and in most of
these parts of the world). We have also, still, earthquakes pretty
frequently, but not with violence enough to do ravine though
sufficient to terrify. But the Treasury is much in debt, and
there is no appearance when it will be otherwise, or when
there will be money to fortify withal. In the opinion of the
Council and Assembly it would be very hard to make the
factors pay the duty that was due on the wines destroyed in the
earthquake, because it is losing more than their all and they cannot
recover it from their principals in England. I have therefore shewn
willingness to forgive it, on the Assembly's promising me to raise
an equivalent, and I have not only their assurance of that, but good
hope that, through their confidence in me, they will make a con-
siderable addition to the Royal revenue and settle that and the body
of their laws indefinitely. They are very unanimous and not
jealous of me, and I shall take care that nothing is done prejudicial
to the royal interest. I hope also to get them to raise money to put
King's House at St. Jago (where I live) in order, for at present it
only protects me from the sun and rain, having no convenience for
horses or servants, nor room for but few in a family and being as
common as the highway. Nevertheless my cost of living, for the
honour of the Government, is more than double what I am
allowed, nor is there money, nor like to be yet awhile to pay me

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 135

1693.

what I am allowed by their Majesties. I beg your consideration of
this. I hope that the Assembly will have done by the time that the
fleet sails in September. Signed. Wm. Beeston. 1 pp. Endorsed,
[Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. A 7 o. 19; and 53, py. 171-174.]

July 27. 478. Minutes of Council of New York. Order for all who have
agreed to advance money for the public use, receiving interest for
the same, since 1690, to bring in their certificates before 1 Septem-
ber that a method of payment may be found. The Committee ap-
pointed to consider the expediency of erecting a Court of Exchequer
reported against it. Advised that the Assembly be dissolved and
new writs issued. Orders for sundry payments. Resolved to pull
down the chapel in the fort, it being unsafe.

July 28. The Governor reported that he had received information that the
Five Nations had resolved to treat with the French without his
knowledge. Order for reading of the letters reporting the same, and
for translating the French letters of the Jesuit Millet and of the
Superior in Canada. The Governor expressed his surprise at this
behaviour of the Five Nations after their late friendly profession,
and proposed to send Dirck Wessels to them forthwith to remind
them of their promises and to Exhort them to exchange Millet, their
prisoner, for an Indian boy, according to their pledge. [Col. Entry
Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 442-447.]

July 28. 479. Lieutenant-Governor Sir William Beeston to the Earl of
Jamaica. Nottingham. I transmit a duplicate of mine of the 10th June and
part of the Marquis de les Menez's answer to me as to Captain
Tristan. Sickness has come among us again and the Falcon has
suffered much. I do not know how to man her without wholly
ruining the merchant ships, for besides the losses through death the
press for the King's ships frightens away many, and many go to
the Northern Plantations, where the Red Sea pirates take their
plunder, are pardoned and fit out for a fresh voyage, which makes
all kinds of rogues flock to them. We have none of them here, but
some would have come and to do so offered money through their
friends to be pardoned, which I have wholly refused. I have had
the Falcon's men tended ashore which has restored most of them ;
and the lieutenant of course takes command of her, but how to give
him another lieutenant I know not, having no powers from the
Admiralty. I recently sent the Mordaunt to Hispaniola. Could I
have sent the Falcon with her and raised no more than 500 men
from the shore we could have destroyed their craft and their
settlements by the seaside. There are near 300 seamen about
Corisac, but though I have sent a proclamation to them to return,
offering to receive them well, they will not come for fear of being
pressed. No vessels will come from North America for the same
reason ; we have no trade by the sloops, and no ships come to us
from England. So that we are in great difficulty and in a meaner
condition than I have ever known. Unless men are sent to
us we shall sink. Signed. Wm. Beeston. Holograph. 1 pp.
Endorsed, R. Nov. 6, 93. Enclosed,

479. i. Extract from a letter from Marquis de les Menez to Sir
William Beeston. I confess that Captain Tristan's business
has troubled me much, for I have always endeavoured that

136 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

English vessels should have good passage in these harbours,
and have given orders accordingly. Frenchmen have too
often been allowed to come and prosecute unlawful trade,
under pretence of being English. I was lying very sick
when 1 first heard of the matter, and my grief over the
deceit of these men went near to cause my death. I have
put the guilty parties in close confinement with a view to
proper punishment. But do not doubt that the vessel was
lawfully seized, for most of her people were French and her
captain known to be one of the greatest pirates in America.
Had he been brought in alive, I should have punished him.
I ought to believe that you would hinder such vessels from
sailing from Jamaica. 1 p. A translation so crude as to
be barely intelligible. [America and West Indies. 540.
No. 35, 35 1.]

July 28. 480. Minutes of the General Council and Assembly of the
Antigua. Leeward Islands. The Assembly sent up an Act for fortifications,
which was returned by the Council with amendments, which were
agreed to with modifications. The Assembly sent up a short
additional Act to the Act encouraging the importation of white
servants, which was accepted by the Council. The Council asked
the Assembly for particulars of their accusations against Colonel
Thomas Hill. Orders for quartering of soldiers, for certain
payments, and for holding of a special court. [Col. Entry Bk.,
Vol. XLVIII., pp. 235-239.]

[July?] 481. Address of the Mayor and Common Council of New York
to Governor Fletcher. Thanking him for his good service towards
the Indians and to the whole province and presenting him with a
cup of gold. Printed sheet. Endorsed, Eecd. 26 Sept. 1693.
[Board of Trade. New York, 5. No. 22.]

July 31. 482. Minutes of Council of New York. The Governor's
letter to the Sachems of the Five Nations read and approved.
[Col Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., p. 447.]

July 31. 483. Minutes of Council of Massachusetts. Letter from
Major Pyncheon read, reporting the murder of eight or nine
persons at Brookfield by Indians, and praying instructions. Advised
that a garrison of ten men be despatched thither. The Governor
read the Queen's letter of 15 April, 1693, concerning the pro-
ceedings as to witchcraft.

Aug. 1. Order for withdrawing the friendly Indians in the neighbourhood
of Mendon and Woodstock within those towns. Permission granted
to the French at New Oxford to stockade the most suitable houses
therein ; two Englishmen to take up their residence there and
superintend. A Committee appointed to assess the damage done in
Long Island by the recent landing and entertainment of troops
there. [Col Entry Bk., Vol. LXIV., pp. 244-246.]

Aug. 1. 484. Minutes of Council of Barbados. Orders for sundry pay-
ments. The Assembly brought up a bill appointing a controller of
the duty on liquors. Mr. Bond gave the Governor an Order in
Council disallowing the Act to regulate elections. [Col Entry Bk.,
Vol. XIL, pp. 416-418.]

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 137

1693.

Aug. 1. 485. Journal of Assembly of Barbados. Bill passed to appoint
John Pilgrim controller of the duty on liquors. The house then
waited on the Governor, who informed them that Colonel Francis
Russell had been appointed to succeed him, and asked for provision
for his expense on leaving Government House. The House voted
him a present of ,500, and ordered that 6 pipes of Madeira wine, 2
tuns of beer and 1,000 Ibs. of best sugar should be laid in at Fonta-
belle for the reception of the new Governor. This order and the
bill for a present to the Governor were then carried to his
Excellency. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XIV., pp. 349, 350.]

Aug. 2. 486. Chidley Brooke to Governor Fletcher. I reached this on
Boston. yth at 7 p.m., and immediately went to wait on Sir W. Phips and
Sir Francis Wheler at his Excellency's house. I delivered your
letter and expected that Sir William would have asked me some
questions as to New York, but instead thereof he entertained me
with a flat harangue as to the expense that New England had been
at since the present war, the poverty of its people, etc., I suppose to
soften me to take a better impression of his answers to my
questions. I said little that night, but he desired me to come next
day, 'which I did twice, but found him not at home ; I did the like
next day in vain. On the 1st inst. I went again with Colonel
Depeyster and some others, when we were fortunate enough to
find him at home and with him a gentleman of the Council. He
desired us to sit down, and asked how you did. I said, well, but
struggling hard to support a tottering Government which (maugre
all your endeavours) must fall speedily to ruin unless assisted by
him and by the other Colonies to defend the frontier at Albany.
This put him into a ferment. I waited till his passions cooled a
little and then told him of your difficulties, the wavering temper of
our Indians, their weariness of the war, the great presents you were
forced to give them when last at Albany, the great taxes repeated
upon us, the harassing of the people (to the great depopulation of
the province) for defence of the frontier. I then proceeded to
demand 200 men, furnished at all points and paid by his Govern-
ment, as a fit quota from the same, pursuant to the royal order, and
told him that it was your order to me to demand that number.
This threw him into a rude passion. What he said was loud and angry,
but so confused that I knew not what to make of it. At length I
understood him to say, " I will not send a man nor a farthing to the
assistance of New York and monstrous to suppose I should. I
could not keep myself from replying, " 'Tis then, Sir, the monstrous
thought of the Queen." "How? how?" said he, "a monstrous thought
of the Queen " (repeating the words three or four times angrily over).
"Yes," said I, "for had not her Majesty and the Council of England
thought it reasonable that you and the rest of their Majesties'
Governments should send aid to New York, no letter had been
directed to you or to them to that end." The next thing that I
moved to him was to send commissioners to New York in October
next to agree as to the quotas of men and money, pursuant to the
royal letter. This aggravated his former heat and made him
angrily say, " If they have no other business no commissioners
shall come from me." I found his reason was drowned in passion

138 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

and the storm increasing, so thought it high time to leave him.
The gentlemen of the Council present all the while seemed ashamed
of his behaviour and desired me to blame his education for what I
saw. I told one of them that the Governor was very hot. He
answered, " Sir, you must pardon him his dog-days ; he cannot help it."
I observe that the people here are highly taxed and no less displeased
at the ill pennyworth they have for their money. Their Governor
is little feared and little loved. He selects his company out of the
mob for the most part, amongst whom noise and strut pass for wit
and prowess. Some few of the better sort pay him respect and
compliment for their ease's sake, rather than for any esteem they
have for him ; the rest ridicule him. Several of the late Assembly
told me that they could get no account of the country's money
when required, nor any reason why the country was so much in
debt ; that his whole "managery" was very crooked, tending much
more to his own interest than the good of the people. New York
in the midst of calamities has this comfort, that her taxes are
applied for her defence and safety only, that the accounts are at all
times open to the Assembly if desired, and that your watchful care
gives the people all reasonable hope of security. All this is wanting
here. Signed. Chid. Brooke. Holograph. 3 pp. Endorsed,
Eecd. 20 Dec. 1693, from Colonel Fletcher. [Board of Trade.
New York, 5. No. 23.]

Au<r. 2. 487. Minutes of Council of Jamaica. Order for payment for
materials for repairing Fort Charles. [Board of Trade. Jamaica,
77. pp. 254, 255.]

Aug. 2. 488. Minutes of the General Council and Assembly of the
Antigua. Leeward Islands. Act for additional fortifications on Monk's Hill,
and additional Act to the Act for encouraging importation of white
servants passed. The Assembly accused Colonel Hill of cowardice,
violence, oppression and conniving at an open trade. The Council
undertook to summon him to answer the same. Orders for sundry
payments, and for the goods of Major Joseph Crispe to be taken in
custody by the Treasurer. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XLVIII., pp.
239-241.]

Aug. 2. 489. Minutes of the Council and Assembly of Montserrat.
Proposals of the Lieutenant-Governor and Council to the Assembly.
(1) We beg you to consider the question of fortifications, which was
deferred this day. (2) The arms being out of order we propose to
send them to Barbados for repair, also a fit person to buy lead,
powder and flints there. (3) We call your attention to the debts of
the country and suggest the expediency of raising a levy.
(4) Negroes having become very insolent of late we desire you
to take further measures to prevent this. (5) We are willing to
assent to the Act for easing of tenants which we formerly rejected,
and desire you to draw up an Act accordingly. Answer of the
Assembly. (1) We readily assent to fortification of Palmeto Point,
and that an Act be passed for enforcing the employment of every
twentieth negro in the work, owners who have not twenty negroes
being joined together so as to make up twenty. (2) We beg you to

AMERICA AND WEST INDIES. 139

1693.

appoint a fit person to go to Barbados, and we will provide for pay-
ment to him. (3) We are willing to raise a levy, and wish that an
assessment be made forthwith. (4) We desire to renew the Act to
restrain the insolence of negroes with such additions as you think
fit. (5) We agree to pass the Act for easing of tenants and ask you
to appoint a Committee to join with us in drawing up an Act. The
Council concurred in all these matters with the Assembly. Further
proposals of the Assembly, (a) That the arms of the Militia be
placed in the custody of the officers, and that all the officers be duly
commissioned, (b) That the Secretary, Marshal and Treasurer
give bond for due performance of their office. (<) That a fitting
person be appointed to inspect and be responsible for the repair of
the fortifications, (d) We would point out that our former Acts are
not sent home, so are unconfirmed, and being unrenewed are set at
defiance, (e) We propose the building of a magazine to windward.
Two gentlemen have undertaken to house the powder till it be built.
The Council concurred in all of these proposals. [Col. Entry Bk.
Vol. XLVIIL, pp. 317-320.]

Aug. 3. 490. Order of the Queen in Council. Referring the petition of
Whitehall. Sir Richard White to Lords of Trade and Plantations for report.
Signed. Wm. Bridgeman. \ p. Annexed,

490. i. Petition of Sir Richard White to the Queen. For
admission of his appeal against a decision of the Court of
Jamaica given against him in a suit with St. Jago de
Castillo. Copy. 1 p. The whole endorsed, Read,
15 Sept. 1693. [Board of Trade. Jamaica, 7. Nos. 20,
20 i. ; and (without enclosure) 53. p. 165.]

Aug. 3. 491. Minutes of Council of New York. Order for sundry
payments. The accounts for the Governor's visit to Albany pre-
sented, amounting to 799, in all of which 346 is unpaid, which
latter sum was ordered to be discharged. A Committee appointed
to design and superintend the building of a new chapel in the fort.
Patent for land in New York granted to Peter Sloutenburgh.
Overseers appointed to superintend the fitting of Albany Fort with
new stockades. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. LXXV., pp. 447-448.]

Aug. 8. 492. Minutes of Council of Barbados. The question was
brought up whether the Assembly was duly elected, the elections
having been held under an Act which had been disallowed.

Aug. 9. The Speaker and eleven members of Assembly appeared and
asked for an adjournment. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XII., pp. 419,
420.]

Aug. 8. 493. Journal of Assembly of Barbados. Message from the
Governor that the Council had voted the Assembly to be legal.
Adjourned till to-morrow.

Aug. 9. Twelve members only present, five others being sick. The
twelve waited on the Governor and told him that in their opinion the
Assembly was legal. The Governor discoursed to them of the undue
measures taken to procure the disallowance of the late Election
Act, and to influence members to believe that the present Assembly
was illegal. Adjourned to 22nd. [Col. Entry Bk., Vol. XIV., pp.
350-352.]

140 COLONIAL PAPERS.

1693.

Aug. 10. 494. Order of the Privy Council. Referring a memorial of the
Whitehall. Commissioners for the Leeward Islands to Lords of Trade and
Plantations for their report. Signed. Wm. Bridgeman. \ p.
Annexed,

494. i. Memorial of the Commissioners for the Leeward Islands
to the Queen. Representing the danger of the Islands
since the departure of Sir F. Wheler's squadron and the
great loss of the inhabitants through war and sickness ;
and requesting that a new squadron may be sent out, and
that if Colonels Foulke's and Goodwyn's regiments return
to the Leeward Islands they may be reduced into one
regiment under Governor Codrington, since both of the
said Colonels and most of the officers are dead. Signed.
Bastian Bayer, Rd. Gary, Jeff. Jeffreys, Joseph Martyn.
Certified copy. \ p. The whole endorsed, Reed. 7 Sept.
1693. [Board of Trade. Leeward Islands, 4. Nos. 18,
18 i. ; and 44. pp. 151-152.]

Aug. 10. 495. Minutes of Council of New York. Or